Areas / Applications

Applications

Protocols for applications, real-time media and the web at large.

1427 RFCs · 1427 with AI ELI5 · 0 summaries · 0 index pages

With AI ELI5 1427

RFC 3550 RTP RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications The real-time transport protocol that carries audio and video across the Internet, powering video calls, live streaming, and VoIP. RFC 3261 SIP SIP: Session Initiation Protocol The signaling protocol behind Voice over IP (VoIP), video calls, and multimedia sessions across the Internet. RFC 959 FTP File Transfer Protocol (FTP) The classic file transfer protocol, which uses one connection for commands and a separate one for each transfer. RFC 3551 RTP/AVP RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control The default rulebook for carrying audio and video over RTP when nothing is negotiated, including the numbered list of codecs. RFC 1350 TFTP The TFTP Protocol (Revision 2) A file-transfer protocol so small it fits in a boot ROM. RFC 1939 POP3 Post Office Protocol - Version 3 How a mail client fetches its messages from a server and then lets the server forget them. RFC 2131 DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol The protocol that automatically configures every device that joins a network, assigning IP addresses, gateways, and DNS servers. RFC 3264 SDP offer/answer An Offer/Answer Model with Session Description Protocol (SDP) How two endpoints trade SDP descriptions so both end up agreeing on the same call. RFC 854 Telnet Telnet Protocol Specification The original remote-terminal protocol: one TCP connection, an imaginary standard terminal, and a polite way to negotiate extras. RFC 4253 SSH Transport The Secure Shell (SSH) Transport Layer Protocol The transport layer of SSH that provides encrypted remote access, replacing telnet and rlogin as the standard for secure server administration. RFC 7252 CoAP The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) A compact, web-style request/response protocol that lets tiny devices on lossy networks talk to the Web. RFC 5545 iCalendar Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar) The plain-text format behind every calendar invite and .ics file. RFC 6350 vCard vCard Format Specification The text format that lets address books, phones and mail programs swap contact cards. RFC 4791 CalDAV Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV) A standard way for calendar apps to store, query and share iCalendar data on a WebDAV server. RFC 4119 PIDF-LO A Presence-based GEOPRIV Location Object Format An XML format that wraps a location in a presence document together with the sender's privacy rules. RFC 4975 MSRP The Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP) A text-based protocol that carries chat messages inside a session set up by SIP, like any other media stream. RFC 5730 EPP Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) The XML protocol registrars use to create, change, renew and transfer objects such as domain names in a shared registry. RFC 3263 SIP Server Location Session Initiation Protocol (SIP): Locating SIP Servers How a SIP client turns a SIP URI into the address, port and transport of the next hop, using DNS NAPTR and SRV records. RFC 6120 XMPP Core Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Core How chat clients and servers open an XML stream, secure it, log in, and swap messages, presence and requests. RFC 4251 SSH Architecture The Secure Shell (SSH) Protocol Architecture The blueprint for logging in to a distant machine without letting anyone on the wire listen in. RFC 6455 WebSocket The WebSocket Protocol Enabling full-duplex, bidirectional communication over a single TCP connection, powering real-time web applications from chat to live data. RFC 3515 SIP REFER The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Refer Method How one SIP endpoint can ask another to contact a third party, and then hear how it went. RFC 3325 SIP asserted identity Private Extensions to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Asserted Identity within Trusted Networks How servers inside a trusted SIP network can vouch for who a caller is, and hide that from outsiders when the caller asks. RFC 5222 LoST LoST: A Location-to-Service Translation Protocol How a device asks "who handles this service where I am?" and gets back the right contact address, such as the local emergency call center. RFC 5888 SDP grouping The Session Description Protocol (SDP) Grouping Framework Name each media line in an SDP description and say which lines belong together, for lip sync or for one stream split across several addresses. RFC 8445 ICE Updated Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal How two endpoints behind NATs try every plausible address pair until they find one that carries traffic. RFC 5104 AVPF Codec Control Codec Control Messages in the RTP Audio-Visual Profile with Feedback (AVPF) Small RTCP messages that let video receivers and conference mixers ask senders for a fresh picture, a lower bit rate or a different quality trade-off. RFC 5761 RTP/RTCP Muxing Multiplexing RTP Data and Control Packets on a Single Port How RTP media and RTCP control packets can share one UDP port, and when they should not. RFC 2198 RTP Redundant Audio RTP Payload for Redundant Audio Data How to pack lower-quality copies of earlier audio into each RTP packet so lost packets can be patched up. RFC 3966 tel URI The tel URI for Telephone Numbers How to write a telephone number as a URI, global or local, without saying how to dial it. RFC 3326 SIP Reason header The Reason Header Field for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP header field that says why a request was sent, carrying a SIP status code or a Q.850 cause value. RFC 2533 Media Feature Sets A Syntax for Describing Media Feature Sets A compact Boolean syntax for saying which media features a sender, receiver or file format can handle, and a way to match two such descriptions. RFC 1157 SNMP A Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) The original SNMP: a deliberately simple get, set and trap protocol for inspecting and changing network device state. RFC 6881 Best Current Practice for Communications Services in Support of Emergency Calling The rulebook for phones, networks and call servers so an internet emergency call reaches the right local help, with a location attached. RFC 4510 LDAP road map Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Technical Specification Road Map The table of contents for LDAP version 3: which documents together make up the technical specification. RFC 4855 Media Type Registration of RTP Payload Formats How to register an RTP payload format as a media type and map it into SDP. RFC 855 Telnet Options Telnet Option Specifications How Telnet options get their codes and how each option has to be documented. RFC 3856 SIP Presence A Presence Event Package for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP lets one party subscribe to another's presence and get notified when it changes. RFC 3693 Geopriv Requirements Geopriv Requirements What a secure, privacy-respecting way to share a person's location must provide. RFC 868 Time Protocol Time Protocol A service on port 37 that returns the time as a 32-bit count of seconds since 1900. RFC 3312 SIP preconditions Integration of Resource Management and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP call can wait to ring the phone until the network has promised enough bandwidth. RFC 4733 RTP DTMF payload RTP Payload for DTMF Digits, Telephony Tones, and Telephony Signals How to carry keypad digits, ringing and busy signals, and other telephony events inside RTP packets instead of as fragile audio. RFC 4776 DHCP Civic Address Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv4 and DHCPv6) Option for Civic Addresses Configuration Information A DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 option that hands a device its street address: country, state, city, street, building and more. RFC 5734 EPP over TCP Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Transport over TCP How EPP runs over one TCP connection, with a 4-byte length prefix and mandatory TLS. RFC 2244 ACAP ACAP -- Application Configuration Access Protocol A protocol for keeping your application settings on a server so they follow you from computer to computer. RFC 1459 IRC Internet Relay Chat Protocol The original text-based chat protocol: servers joined in a tree, clients with nicknames, and channels where many people talk at once. RFC 2247 Domains in LDAP DNs Using Domains in LDAP/X.500 Distinguished Names How to turn a DNS domain name into an LDAP distinguished name, one DC component at a time. RFC 856 Telnet Binary Telnet Binary Transmission The Telnet option that lets two ends agree to send raw 8-bit data instead of NVT ASCII text. RFC 3428 SIP MESSAGE Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for Instant Messaging A SIP method for sending stand-alone instant messages, like pager messages, through the existing SIP network. RFC 4287 Atom The Atom Syndication Format An XML format for feeds of entries, so readers can follow new posts and news from many sites in one place. RFC 4412 SIP Resource-Priority Communications Resource Priority for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) SIP header fields that mark a request as deserving priority access to scarce gateway, proxy and phone resources. RFC 4976 MSRP Relays Relay Extensions for the Message Sessions Relay Protocol (MSRP) How MSRP chat and file sessions can pass through relay servers without turning those servers into open relays. RFC 5531 ONC RPC v2 RPC: Remote Procedure Call Protocol Specification Version 2 How one program calls a procedure on another machine, and how the call, the reply and the errors are laid out on the wire. RFC 6665 SIP Events SIP-Specific Event Notification How SIP nodes sign up to be told when something changes, with SUBSCRIBE and NOTIFY instead of constant polling. RFC 5646 BCP 47 language tags Tags for Identifying Languages The rules for the short labels, like en-US or zh-Hant, that say which language a piece of content is in, and for the IANA registry behind them. RFC 114 FTP File Transfer Protocol The first proposal for a file transfer protocol on the ARPANET, built for indirect use of remote computers. RFC 122 UCSB SMFS Network specifications for UCSB's Simple-Minded File System How a 1971 ARPANET site offered simple remote file storage through a small set of binary commands. RFC 3977 NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) The text protocol that moves Netnews articles between news servers and the programs that read and post them. RFC 4103 RTP Text Conversation RTP Payload for Text Conversation How to send live, character-by-character text chat over RTP, with built-in repetition to survive lost packets. RFC 5546 iTIP iCalendar Transport-Independent Interoperability Protocol (iTIP) The scheduling messages calendar systems use to invite, reply, reschedule, cancel and negotiate, independent of how they are delivered. RFC 2165 SLP Service Location Protocol A way for computers to find network services by describing them, instead of knowing host names in advance. RFC 4235 SIP dialog events An INVITE-Initiated Dialog Event Package for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How one SIP device can watch another user's calls start, ring, connect and end, and what the XML notifications look like. RFC 6442 SIP location conveyance Location Conveyance for the Session Initiation Protocol How SIP messages carry a person's location, who may route on it, and what happens when it is bad. RFC 8011 IPP Model Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Model and Semantics The abstract printing model behind IPP: Printers, Jobs, the operations on them and the attributes that describe them. RFC 2798 inetOrgPerson Definition of the inetOrgPerson LDAP Object Class A standard directory entry for a person in an organization, built for Internet and intranet use. RFC 2980 NNTP extensions Common NNTP Extensions A catalogue of the extra NNTP commands that servers and newsreaders already used in 2000, written down for implementers. RFC 4511 LDAP protocol Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): The Protocol The wire protocol clients use to search, read and change entries in a networked directory. RFC 4512 LDAP information models Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Directory Information Models How LDAP thinks about a directory: a tree of entries, typed attributes, and a schema that servers publish about themselves. RFC 3611 RTCP XR RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR) A new RTCP packet type that carries detailed receive statistics and voice-quality metrics beyond the basic reports. RFC 3903 SIP PUBLISH Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for Event State Publication The SIP PUBLISH method: how a device tells a server its current presence or other event state. RFC 2736 Guidelines for Writers of RTP Payload Format Specifications Advice for designing RTP payload formats so every packet that arrives is still useful when others are lost. RFC 8323 CoAP over TCP CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) over TCP, TLS, and WebSockets How CoAP, built for UDP, is carried over TCP, TLS and WebSockets, with a new framing and signaling messages. RFC 7315 SIP P-Headers for 3GPP Private Header (P-Header) Extensions to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for the 3GPP Six private SIP header fields that 3GPP networks use for identity, roaming, access details and charging, and why they are not for the open Internet. RFC 3725 SIP 3pcc Best Current Practices for Third Party Call Control (3pcc) in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Good ways for one SIP program to connect two other parties into a call, and which call flows to avoid. RFC 5031 Service URN A Uniform Resource Name (URN) for Emergency and Other Well-Known Services A single global name for services like emergency help, resolved to a local provider wherever you are. RFC 7862 NFSv4.2 Network File System (NFS) Version 4 Minor Version 2 Protocol The third NFSv4 minor version adds server-side copy, sparse files, space reservation, I/O hints and security labels. RFC 8010 IPP Encoding & Transport Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport How IPP print requests are laid out as bytes in application/ipp and carried over HTTP to a printer. RFC 3323 SIP privacy A Privacy Mechanism for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP users can hide who they are, and how a privacy service in the network helps them do it. RFC 860 Telnet Timing Mark Telnet Timing Mark Option A Telnet option for sending a marker through the data stream to learn that earlier data has been dealt with. RFC 5760 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extensions for Single-Source Multicast Sessions with Unicast Feedback How receivers in a one-sender multicast session can report back by unicast, and how the source can boil their reports down. RFC 3840 SIP Capabilities Indicating User Agent Capabilities in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP device can describe what it can do by adding feature parameters to its Contact header. RFC 6280 Location privacy An Architecture for Location and Location Privacy in Internet Applications How location data can travel across the Internet with the owner's privacy rules attached to it. RFC 5109 RTP Generic FEC RTP Payload Format for Generic Forward Error Correction Send extra XOR packets alongside real-time RTP media so receivers can rebuild lost packets without asking for a resend. RFC 3863 PIDF Presence Information Data Format (PIDF) A small XML format that says whether someone is reachable, readable by any presence system that follows the common profile. RFC 7941 RTCP SDES Header Ext RTP Header Extension for the RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Source Description Items Carry RTCP source description items such as CNAME inside RTP media packets so receivers get them sooner. RFC 2355 TN3270E TN3270 Enhancements A Telnet option that lets clients emulate IBM 3270 terminals and printers, with device names, responses and the ATTN and SYSREQ keys. RFC 862 Echo Echo Protocol A tiny service that sends back whatever it receives, used as a debugging and measurement tool. RFC 2506 Media Feature Tag Registration Procedure How a shared vocabulary of device and content capabilities gets names, owners and a registry. RFC 3262 SIP 100rel Reliability of Provisional Responses in Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP gets early 'ringing' style responses delivered reliably, using the 100rel tag and a PRACK acknowledgement. RFC 3912 WHOIS WHOIS Protocol Specification WHOIS: a simple text query over TCP port 43 that answers and hangs up. RFC 5537 Netnews architecture Netnews Architecture and Protocols The rules every Netnews server, poster, moderator and gateway follows so an article spreads once and arrives unchanged. RFC 3435 MGCP 1.0 Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Version 1.0 How a Call Agent 'brain' tells telephony gateways to create, change and tear down voice connections over UDP. RFC 4517 LDAP syntaxes Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Syntaxes and Matching Rules The base data types and comparison rules that every LDAP directory attribute is built from. RFC 3080 BEEP The Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol Core A reusable application protocol kernel: framing, channels and negotiation so new protocols need not rebuild them. RFC 5626 SIP outbound Managing Client-Initiated Connections in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP phones behind NATs and firewalls keep connections to their servers open so calls can reach them. RFC 5627 SIP GRUU Obtaining and Using Globally Routable User Agent URIs (GRUUs) in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP address that reaches one specific device, usable by anyone on the Internet. RFC 3887 Message Tracking Query Message Tracking Query Protocol A line-oriented protocol for asking a mail system where a message went and what happened to it. RFC 6443 Emergency calling Framework for Emergency Calling Using Internet Multimedia The map showing how location, call routing and SIP signaling fit together so an Internet emergency call reaches the right call center. RFC 8225 PASSporT PASSporT: Personal Assertion Token A signed token that lets the receiving end check who a call or message claims to come from. RFC 3327 SIP Path header Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension Header Field for Registering Non-Adjacent Contacts How SIP proxies between a phone and its registrar can leave a trail so later calls find their way back. RFC 3558 RTP EVRC/SMV RTP Payload Format for Enhanced Variable Rate Codecs (EVRC) and Selectable Mode Vocoders (SMV) How to pack frames from two CDMA speech codecs into RTP packets, with optional bundling and interleaving to survive packet loss. RFC 3892 SIP Referred-By The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Referred-By Mechanism How a SIP call transfer tells the final recipient who asked for it, and how to stop the middleman faking it. RFC 5023 AtomPub The Atom Publishing Protocol A small set of HTTP conventions for creating, editing and deleting web content using Atom feeds and entries. RFC 5939 SDP capneg Session Description Protocol (SDP) Capability Negotiation How an SDP offer can list alternative transports and attributes, such as plain RTP or Secure RTP, and let the other side pick. RFC 6716 Opus Definition of the Opus Audio Codec One audio codec that stretches from thin-line voice calls to high-quality stereo music, switching modes on the fly. RFC 8838 Trickle ICE Trickle ICE: Incremental Provisioning of Candidates for the Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) Protocol Start testing network paths while addresses are still being discovered, instead of waiting for the full list. RFC 2276 Architectural Principles of Uniform Resource Name Resolution Design principles for finding the service that turns a permanent URN into a place where the resource can be fetched. RFC 4588 RTP retransmission RTP Retransmission Payload Format How RTP resends lost packets in a separate stream, with the original sequence number tucked inside. RFC 4519 LDAP user schema Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Schema for User Applications The standard set of attribute types and object classes for people, organizations and groups in LDAP directories. RFC 2778 Presence and IM Model A Model for Presence and Instant Messaging A shared vocabulary of entities and services for describing presence and instant messaging systems. RFC 3402 DDDS algorithm Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part Two: The Algorithm The loop that turns one string into an answer by repeatedly looking up and applying rewrite rules. RFC 857 Telnet Echo Telnet Echo Option How the two ends of a Telnet connection agree on who repeats typed characters back to the screen. RFC 3485 SIP SigComp dictionary The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP) Static Dictionary for Signaling Compression (SigComp) A fixed cheat sheet of common SIP and SDP text that SigComp can use to compress even the very first message. RFC 3680 SIP reg event A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Package for Registrations A SIP event package that tells subscribers when the registrations for a user change. RFC 4175 RTP Payload Format for Uncompressed Video How to chop studio-quality raw video into RTP packets, scan line by scan line, and put it back together. RFC 5621 SIP message bodies Message Body Handling in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) The rules for carrying MIME and multipart bodies in SIP messages, and for telling a recipient how much it must understand. RFC 3401 DDDS overview Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part One: The Comprehensive DDDS The roadmap that says which documents together make up the Dynamic Delegation Discovery System. RFC 4514 LDAP distinguished names Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of Distinguished Names How LDAP writes a directory entry's full name as a plain UTF-8 string, such as UID=jsmith,DC=example,DC=net. RFC 4575 SIP conference package A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Package for Conference State How a SIP client can subscribe to a conference and be told who joins, who leaves and what changes. RFC 6776 RTCP measurement ID Measurement Identity and Information Reporting Using a Source Description (SDES) Item and an RTCP Extended Report (XR) Block A way to label which stretch of a call or stream an RTCP quality report is talking about. RFC 318 Telnet Protocols Jon Postel's candid write-up of the ad hoc Telnet protocol: a virtual terminal, a few control signals and some proposed cuts. RFC 6121 XMPP IM Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Instant Messaging and Presence How XMPP turns a stream of XML into a chat app: contact lists, who-is-online presence, and one-to-one messages. RFC 8866 SDP SDP: Session Description Protocol The plain-text format that tells endpoints what media a session carries, where to send it and when it runs. RFC 3859 CPP Common Profile for Presence (CPP) A shared abstract model of presence so gateways can link instant messaging services that speak different protocols. RFC 2648 ietf URN Namespace A URN Namespace for IETF Documents A permanent, location-independent name for RFCs, STDs, FYIs, BCPs, Internet-Drafts and IETF meeting minutes, such as urn:ietf:rfc:2141. RFC 8141 URNs Uniform Resource Names (URNs) The syntax, comparison rules and namespace registration process for names that are meant to outlast their locations. RFC 6184 RTP H.264 RTP Payload Format for H.264 Video How to carry H.264 video in RTP packets: single NAL units, aggregation packets, fragments, and optional reordering. RFC 2779 Instant Messaging / Presence Protocol Requirements The minimum checklist that any standard instant messaging and presence protocol had to satisfy. RFC 3640 RTP for MPEG-4 RTP Payload Format for Transport of MPEG-4 Elementary Streams A configurable RTP payload format for carrying any MPEG-4 elementary stream, with fragmentation and optional interleaving. RFC 4579 SIP conferencing control Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Call Control - Conferencing for User Agents How SIP phones and servers create, join, manage and leave tightly coupled conference calls using only SIP. RFC 5360 A Framework for Consent-Based Communications in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP servers that fan a request out to other people first get those people's permission. RFC 6155 HELD Device Identity Use of Device Identity in HTTP-Enabled Location Delivery (HELD) Lets a HELD location request name the device it is about, instead of relying only on the sender's IP address. RFC 6352 CardDAV CardDAV: vCard Extensions to Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) How address books of vCard contacts are stored, searched and shared on a WebDAV server. RFC 6638 CalDAV Scheduling Scheduling Extensions to CalDAV How a CalDAV server sends meeting invitations and replies for you when a client saves an event. RFC 6873 SIP CLF Format Format for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Common Log Format (CLF) A two-line, indexed text format for logging SIP messages that stays greppable but skips fast. RFC 9555 JSContact/vCard JSContact: Converting from and to vCard Rules for converting contact cards between the JSContact (JSON) and vCard formats, including data neither side has a place for. RFC 859 Telnet Status Telnet Status Option A Telnet option that lets one side ask the other what options it currently believes are switched on. RFC 1813 NFS Version 3 NFS Version 3 Protocol Specification How Sun's third-generation network file system lets one machine use another's files, with safer, faster writes. RFC 3494 LDAPv2 to Historic Lightweight Directory Access Protocol version 2 (LDAPv2) to Historic Status Why LDAP version 2 and the specifications built on it were recommended for retirement. RFC 7622 XMPP Address Format Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Address Format What an XMPP address (a JID) looks like, and how names in any script are prepared and compared safely. RFC 1091 Telnet Terminal Type Telnet terminal-type option How a Telnet client tells the server what kind of terminal it is, and offers a list of alternatives to pick from. RFC 74 Specifications for Network Use of the UCSB On-Line System How a program on another ARPANET host could log in to UCSB's Culler-Fried On-Line System through a small interface process. RFC 3253 WebDAV versioning Versioning Extensions to WebDAV (Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning) How WebDAV remembers every saved state of a web resource, with check-out, check-in, labels, merges and baselines. RFC 3311 SIP UPDATE method The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) UPDATE Method A SIP request that changes a session's media settings without touching the dialog, even before the call is answered. RFC 3860 CPIM Common Profile for Instant Messaging (CPIM) A shared abstract model for instant messages so gateways can connect different messaging services. RFC 3891 SIP Replaces The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) "Replaces" Header A SIP header that lets one call take over from another, the building block behind attended transfer and call pickup. RFC 3694 Geopriv Threats Threat Analysis of the Geopriv Protocol A catalogue of the ways location information can be stolen, faked, flooded or misused, and the protections that follow. RFC 6940 RELOAD REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) Base Protocol A peer-to-peer overlay that lets cooperating nodes route messages and share small signed records without a central server. RFC 2392 cid: and mid: URLs Content-ID and Message-ID Uniform Resource Locators Two URL schemes, cid: and mid:, that let an HTML mail part point at an image or another message. RFC 3106 ECML ECML v1.1: Field Specifications for E-Commerce A shared set of field names for online checkout forms, so wallet software can fill them in for you. RFC 858 Telnet SGA Telnet Suppress Go Ahead Option A Telnet option that turns off the half-duplex 'over' signal for connections that can talk both ways at once. RFC 864 Chargen Character Generator Protocol A service that streams meaningless but recognizable text, useful for testing networks. RFC 865 QOTD Quote of the Day Protocol A tiny service that answers any request with one short quote, on port 17. RFC 867 Daytime Daytime Protocol A service on port 13 that returns the current date and time as readable text. RFC 1094 NFS v2 NFS: Network File System Protocol specification How Sun's Network File System lets a computer use files stored on another machine as if they were local. RFC 1288 Finger The Finger User Information Protocol A simple TCP protocol for asking a remote host about the people using it. RFC 3486 SIP compression Compressing the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP endpoints signal, with a simple URI and Via parameter, that they accept SigComp-compressed messages. RFC 3608 SIP Service-Route Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension Header Field for Service Route Discovery During Registration A SIP header that lets a registrar tell a phone which proxies to route its outgoing calls through. RFC 3698 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Additional Matching Rules Twelve more ways for an LDAP directory to decide that two values match, borrowed from X.500. RFC 4353 SIP Conferencing A Framework for Conferencing with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP can run a multi-party conference: one focus in the middle, mixers for the media, and a policy that decides who joins. RFC 4788 EVRC RTP updates Enhancements to RTP Payload Formats for EVRC Family Codecs New ways to pack EVRC and EVRC-B voice frames into RTP packets, plus silence suppression settings. RFC 6231 MCC IVR package An Interactive Voice Response (IVR) Control Package for the Media Control Channel Framework How an application server tells a media server to play prompts, collect keypresses and record callers. RFC 7866 SIPREC Session Recording Protocol How a call-path device streams a copy of a live call, plus notes about it, to a recording server using SIP, SDP and RTP. RFC 8089 file URI Scheme The "file" URI Scheme The precise syntax for file: URIs, replacing the one-paragraph definition in RFC 1738. RFC 4745 Common Policy Common Policy: A Document Format for Expressing Privacy Preferences A shared XML format for rules about who may see your presence or location, built to be extended. RFC 5502 SIP P-Served-User The SIP P-Served-User Private-Header (P-Header) for the 3GPP IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) Subsystem A private SIP header that tells an application server which user a request is really being handled for. RFC 6690 CoRE Link Format Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE) Link Format A compact list format that lets tiny web servers tell clients what resources they host and how to use them. RFC 2250 RTP MPEG Video RTP Payload Format for MPEG1/MPEG2 Video How to slice MPEG video and audio into RTP packets so they can be streamed over IP networks. RFC 4516 LDAP URL Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Uniform Resource Locator How to write an LDAP search, or a pointer to an LDAP server, as a single URL. RFC 7044 SIP History-Info An Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Request History Information A SIP header field that records every target a request was redirected to, so the receiver knows how and why it arrived. RFC 2801 IOTP Internet Open Trading Protocol - IOTP Version 1.0 An XML framework for online trades that stays the same whichever payment system, merchant or delivery service is involved. RFC 4227 SOAP over BEEP Using the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) in Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol (BEEP) How SOAP envelopes ride inside BEEP channels, with two URL schemes and a family of versioned profiles. RFC 4233 IUA Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Q.921-User Adaptation Layer How a signaling gateway hands ISDN call-control messages to a remote controller over SCTP. RFC 4647 Language tag matching Matching of Language Tags How to write down a user's language preferences and match them against language tags, by filtering for a set or by lookup for one best answer. RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types Ogg Media Types Registers application/ogg, video/ogg and audio/ogg so Ogg files can be labelled correctly on the wire. RFC 3841 SIP Caller Preferences Caller Preferences for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP caller can ask servers to route a call to the right device, or to handle it a certain way. RFC 3862 CPIM Message Format Common Presence and Instant Messaging (CPIM): Message Format A strict, immutable envelope for instant messages, so signatures survive a trip across different chat systems. RFC 4458 SIP voicemail URIs Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) URIs for Applications such as Voicemail and Interactive Voice Response (IVR) Two SIP URI parameters, target and cause, tell a voicemail or IVR system which mailbox to use and why the call arrived. RFC 4479 Presence data model A Data Model for Presence A way to say what a presence document describes: a person, the services that reach them, and the devices those services run on. RFC 5139 Revised Civic Location Revised Civic Location Format for Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO) An updated XML format for street addresses in location documents, with more precise road and building elements. RFC 8178 NFSv4 Extension Rules Rules for NFSv4 Extensions and Minor Versions How the NFSv4 file protocol can grow through extensions, corrections and new minor versions without breaking old clients. RFC 1041 Telnet 3270 Telnet 3270 regime option A Telnet option that lets a client and server agree on a 3270 terminal type in one negotiation. RFC 5589 SIP call transfer Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Call Control - Transfer How SIP phones hand a call to someone else using REFER and Replaces, from blind to attended transfer. RFC 5956 FEC grouping in SDP Forward Error Correction Grouping Semantics in the Session Description Protocol How SDP says which repair streams protect which source streams, including repair streams that can be decoded together. RFC 8264 PRECIS Framework PRECIS Framework: Preparation, Enforcement, and Comparison of Internationalized Strings in Application Protocols A shared rulebook for checking and comparing Unicode strings such as usernames, passwords and nicknames in Internet protocols. RFC 9143 SDP BUNDLE Negotiating Media Multiplexing Using the Session Description Protocol (SDP) How two endpoints agree to carry audio, video and data over one shared network connection instead of one each. RFC 2651 CIP Architecture The Architecture of the Common Indexing Protocol (CIP) How servers swap compact summaries of their data so searches can be sent to the right place. RFC 4662 SIP resource lists A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Notification Extension for Resource Lists Subscribe once to a whole list of things, such as a buddy list, and get told whenever any of them changes. RFC 4998 Evidence Record Syntax Evidence Record Syntax (ERS) A format for renewable timestamp proofs that show data existed and was unchanged, even decades later. RFC 5363 SIP URI-List Framework Framework and Security Considerations for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) URI-List Services Requirements, a framework and security rules for SIP servers that fan one request out to a list of recipients. RFC 7852 Emergency Call Data Additional Data Related to an Emergency Call A common set of data blocks that devices and providers can attach to an emergency call, by value or by reference. RFC 2974 SAP Session Announcement Protocol How multicast session directories announce live sessions, with a fixed port, a header, and an announcement rate cap. RFC 3764 enumservice registration for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Addresses-of-Record Registers the E2U+SIP ENUM service so a telephone number can point to a person's SIP address. RFC 4238 Voice message routing Voice Message Routing Service Two ways to deliver a voice message to someone when all you know is their phone number. RFC 4660 SIP event filtering Functional Description of Event Notification Filtering How SIP subscribers attach filters to a subscription and how notifiers and list servers must honor them. RFC 5018 BFCP Connections Connection Establishment in the Binary Floor Control Protocol (BFCP) How a BFCP client connects to a floor control server when there is no SDP offer/answer to lean on, and how each side proves who it is. RFC 5263 SIP Partial Notification Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for Partial Notification of Presence Information A SIP extension that lets presence servers send only what changed instead of the whole presence document every time. RFC 7845 Ogg Opus Ogg Encapsulation for the Opus Audio Codec How Opus audio is packed into Ogg files and streams: headers, timing, channel layouts and metadata. RFC 8840 Trickle ICE for SIP A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Usage for Incremental Provisioning of Candidates for the Interactive Connectivity Establishment (Trickle ICE) How SIP phones can share network address clues in small batches, so calls start before every clue is in. RFC 9695 haptics Media Type The 'haptics' Top-Level Media Type Touch gets its own top-level media type, next to audio and video, with three first haptic formats. RFC 6365 i18n Terminology Terminology Used in Internationalization in the IETF A shared glossary so IETF working groups mean the same thing when they talk about languages, scripts, characters and encodings. RFC 3501 IMAP4 Internet Message Access Protocol - Version 4rev1 How an email client reads and organizes mail that stays on the server, as if the mailboxes were local folders. RFC 3282 Content-Language Content Language Headers Two small mail-style headers: one labels the language of content, the other states which languages you prefer. RFC 4515 LDAP search filters Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of Search Filters How to write an LDAP search filter as readable text, such as (&(objectClass=Person)(sn=Jensen)). RFC 885 Telnet EOR Telnet end of record option A Telnet option that lets each side mark where a record of data ends. RFC 3556 SDP RTCP Bandwidth Session Description Protocol (SDP) Bandwidth Modifiers for RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Bandwidth Two SDP bandwidth modifiers, RS and RR, that set how much bandwidth RTCP may use. RFC 4480 RPID RPID: Rich Presence Extensions to the Presence Information Data Format (PIDF) Optional XML elements that let presence say what a person is doing, where they are and how best to reach them. RFC 4483 SIP content indirection A Mechanism for Content Indirection in Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Messages How a SIP message can point to a body part by URI instead of carrying it, using the message/external-body type. RFC 4538 SIP Target-Dialog Request Authorization through Dialog Identification in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP header that lets a request prove the sender knows about an existing dialog, so it can be authorized. RFC 4823 AS3 FTP Transport for Secure Peer-to-Peer Business Data Interchange over the Internet How trading partners swap signed, encrypted business documents over FTP and get signed receipts back. RFC 8088 How to Write an RTP Payload Format A practical guide for anyone defining how a codec's data is carried in RTP packets, with a template. RFC 5536 Netnews article format Netnews Article Format The header rules every Netnews post must follow, built on top of Internet email format and MIME. RFC 2347 TFTP Options TFTP Option Extension How a TFTP client and server agree on transfer options before any file data moves. RFC 2348 TFTP Blocksize TFTP Blocksize Option Lets a TFTP client and server agree on a bigger block size than the default 512 octets. RFC 2879 Fax feature schema Content Feature Schema for Internet Fax (V2) A shared vocabulary of feature tags that lets Internet fax machines say what resolution, color and image coding they can handle. RFC 3805 Printer MIB v2 Printer MIB v2 A standard set of SNMP objects for asking a printer what it is, what state it is in, and what is wrong with it. RFC 3949 Internet Fax File Format File Format for Internet Fax How a fax page is stored as a TIFF file, in six profiles from plain black-and-white to mixed color. RFC 4629 H.263 RTP payload RTP Payload Format for ITU-T Rec. H.263 Video How to carry H.263, H.263+ and H.263++ video in RTP packets, with built-in tricks for surviving packet loss. RFC 4856 Media Type Registration of Payload Formats in the RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences Gives the standard audio and video formats used in RTP conferences official media type names. RFC 5122 XMPP IRIs and URIs Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) and Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) for the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) How to write a chat address or an action on an XMPP service as an xmpp: link that other software can understand. RFC 6086 SIP INFO Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) INFO Method and Package Framework SIP gets a method for passing application data inside a call, plus a labelling scheme so both ends know what the data means. RFC 8881 NFSv4.1 Network File System (NFS) Version 4 Minor Version 1 Protocol The version of NFS built around sessions, delegations and parallel data access, with a rewritten account of multi-server namespaces. RFC 113 Network activity report: UCSB Rand A 1971 field report on using UCSB's remote job service from Rand, with timings and a few failures. RFC 139 Discussion of Telnet Protocol The reasoning behind the first Telnet proposal: why a standard terminal code, why ESC, and how echo and break are handled. RFC 3372 SIP-T Session Initiation Protocol for Telephones (SIP-T): Context and Architectures How phone-network gateways and SIP networks can interwork without losing telephony features or routability. RFC 3835 OPES Architecture An Architecture for Open Pluggable Edge Services (OPES) How a data stream can be analyzed or transformed by cooperating services placed between provider and consumer. RFC 5057 SIP Dialog Usages Multiple Dialog Usages in the Session Initiation Protocol Why one SIP dialog carrying several independent associations is hard to get right, and how to avoid it. RFC 7092 SIP B2BUA A Taxonomy of Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Back-to-Back User Agents A shared vocabulary for the many kinds of SIP devices that sit in the middle of a call and do more than a proxy. RFC 2389 FTP FEAT Feature negotiation mechanism for the File Transfer Protocol Two FTP commands, FEAT and OPTS, let a client discover what a server supports and choose options. RFC 3398 ISUP to SIP mapping Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) User Part (ISUP) to Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Mapping How a gateway translates calls between SIP and ISUP so internet telephony can reach the phone network and back. RFC 3911 SIP Join The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) "Join" Header A SIP header that lets a new caller join an ongoing call without a central controller. RFC 3995 IPP Notifications Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): Event Notifications and Subscriptions How a print client asks a printer to report job and printer events, and how long that request lasts. RFC 5239 Centralized Conferencing A Framework for Centralized Conferencing The parts, names and data model for a conferencing system built around one central server, whatever signaling the callers use. RFC 5583 SDP decoding dependency Signaling Media Decoding Dependency in the Session Description Protocol (SDP) How SDP tells a receiver which media streams must be decoded together when layered or multi-description video is split across streams. RFC 5986 LIS Discovery Discovering the Local Location Information Server (LIS) How a device finds the server in its local network that can tell it where it is. RFC 6190 H264-SVC RTP RTP Payload Format for Scalable Video Coding How to carry layered H.264 SVC video in RTP so each receiver can take only the layers it can handle. RFC 6285 Rapid RTP acquisition Unicast-Based Rapid Acquisition of Multicast RTP Sessions How a receiver joining a multicast RTP stream gets a fast unicast head start instead of waiting for the next key information. RFC 6501 XCON Data Model Conference Information Data Model for Centralized Conferencing (XCON) The XML document format that describes a centralized conference: its schedule, media, floors and participants. RFC 7002 RTCP XR Discard Count RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for Discard Count Metric Reporting A small RTCP report block that tells a sender how many packets arrived fine but were never played. RFC 7003 RTCP XR Burst/Gap Discard RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for Burst/Gap Discard Metric Reporting An RTCP report block that shows whether discarded packets came in clumps or were spread out. RFC 7863 NFSv4.2 XDR Network File System (NFS) Version 4 Minor Version 2 External Data Representation Standard (XDR) Description The machine-readable blueprint of every message, constant and error code in NFS version 4.2. RFC 1057 Sun RPC v2 RPC: Remote Procedure Call Protocol specification: Version 2 How Sun's RPC lets a program on one machine call a procedure on another, and what the call and reply messages look like. RFC 3324 Network asserted ID Short Term Requirements for Network Asserted Identity What SIP needs so trusted networks can vouch for who a caller really is, and pass that on only to parties that should hear it. RFC 7340 STIR problem statement Secure Telephone Identity Problem Statement and Requirements Why caller ID on VoIP and phone networks is so easy to fake, and what a fix would have to do. RFC 1205 5250 Telnet 5250 Telnet interface How a Telnet client can emulate an IBM 5250 work station, down to the record header on every screen. RFC 2534 Media Features Media Features for Display, Print, and Fax Six named tags that let a device say how big, sharp and colorful its screen or paper is. RFC 2849 LDIF The LDAP Data Interchange Format (LDIF) - Technical Specification A plain text file format for describing LDAP directory entries, or a list of changes to apply to them. RFC 3545 ECRTP Enhanced Compressed RTP (CRTP) for Links with High Delay, Packet Loss and Reordering Making RTP header compression survive links that lose, reorder and delay packets. RFC 3605 SDP rtcp Real Time Control Protocol (RTCP) attribute in Session Description Protocol (SDP) An SDP attribute that states the RTCP port explicitly, so calls still work when a NAT scrambles port numbers. RFC 3861 IM Presence Addressing Address Resolution for Instant Messaging and Presence How a client turns an im: or pres: address into the server to contact, using DNS SRV records. RFC 5366 Conference Establishment Using Request-Contained Lists in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP client can create a conference and hand the server its first guest list in a single INVITE. RFC 5456 IAX2 IAX: Inter-Asterisk eXchange Version 2 A compact VoIP protocol that carries call setup and voice together over one UDP port. RFC 5576 SDP source attributes Source-Specific Media Attributes in the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Adds SDP attributes to describe individual RTP sources by SSRC, and to group related sources together. RFC 6051 RTP Synchronisation Rapid Synchronisation of RTP Flows Ways to line up audio, video and layered streams faster when joining an RTP session. RFC 7247 SIP-XMPP Architecture Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Architecture, Addresses, and Error Handling The ground rules for translating between SIP and XMPP: where gateways sit, how addresses map, and how errors map. RFC 2567 IPP Design Goals Design Goals for an Internet Printing Protocol What people printing over the Internet need, written down before the protocol itself. RFC 4734 RTP modem fax events Definition of Events for Modem, Fax, and Text Telephony Signals Event codes that let VoIP gateways report fax, modem and text-phone signals as small RTP events. RFC 4867 RTP AMR RTP Payload Format and File Storage Format for the Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) and Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB) Audio Codecs How to pack AMR and AMR-WB speech into RTP packets, and how to store it in files. RFC 6047 iMIP iCalendar Message-Based Interoperability Protocol (iMIP) How calendar invitations and replies travel inside ordinary MIME email messages. RFC 6225 DHCP geolocation Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Options for Coordinate-Based Location Configuration Information How a DHCP server hands a client its latitude, longitude and altitude, with a stated margin of error. RFC 6381 The 'Codecs' and 'Profiles' Parameters for "Bucket" Media Types Two optional labels on a media Content-Type that say which codecs and profiles are inside a container file. RFC 8910 Captive Portal DHCP Captive-Portal Identification in DHCP and Router Advertisements (RAs) How a network hands a device the address of its captive portal API through DHCP and IPv6 Router Advertisements. RFC 1795 DLSw Data Link Switching: Switch-to-Switch Protocol AIW DLSw RIG: DLSw Closed Pages, DLSw Standard Version 1 How IBM SNA and NetBIOS traffic is carried between data link switches over TCP/IP, with the link layer terminated locally. RFC 105 UCSB RJE Network Specifications for Remote Job Entry and Remote Job Output Retrieval at UCSB How ARPANET users could submit batch jobs to a UCSB mainframe and fetch the printed output. RFC 110 Conventions for Using an IBM 2741 Terminal as a User Console for Access to Network Server Hosts How to type every ASCII character from a typewriter-style IBM 2741 terminal when logging in to ARPANET server hosts. RFC 125 Response to RFC 86: Proposal for Network Standard Format for a Graphics Data Stream A 1971 reply to the graphics data stream proposal: sound idea, but add modes, richer text and picture interaction. RFC 679 February, 1975, survey of New-Protocol Telnet servers The February 1975 progress check on new-protocol Telnet servers, with progress even slower than before. RFC 702 September, 1974, survey of New-Protocol Telnet servers A September 1974 headcount of which ARPANET hosts ran the new Telnet protocol and which options they supported. RFC 861 Telnet Extended Options Telnet Extended Options: List Option A Telnet option that reserves option number 255 so the 256-entry option list can later be extended. RFC 863 Discard Discard Protocol A tiny service that silently throws away whatever it receives, used as a debugging and measurement tool. RFC 866 Active Users Active users A service on port 11 that lists who is currently logged in to a host. RFC 2739 Calendar Attributes for vCard and LDAP How to publish links to your calendar and busy times in a contact card or a directory entry. RFC 2810 IRC architecture Internet Relay Chat: Architecture The map of Internet Relay Chat: servers joined in a tree, clients on the edges, and how messages travel. RFC 3665 SIP Call Flows Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Basic Call Flow Examples A worked picture book of SIP messages: registering, calling, redirecting, and failing, with every header shown. RFC 3762 ENUM H.323 Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM) Service Registration for H.323 Registers the E2U+H323 ENUM service so a telephone number can map to an H.323 address. RFC 3953 ENUM for Presence Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM) Service Registration for Presence Services How a phone number in DNS can point to the address where that person's presence can be checked. RFC 4240 SIP media services Basic Network Media Services with SIP How a SIP application server asks a media server to play an announcement, run a voice dialog or mix a conference, using only the user part of the SIP address. RFC 4508 SIP REFER feature tags Conveying Feature Tags with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) REFER Method How the sender of a SIP REFER can tell the recipient what the referred-to party can do. RFC 4749 G.729.1 RTP payload RTP Payload Format for the G.729.1 Audio Codec How to carry G.729.1 scalable wideband speech in RTP packets, including an in-band way to ask the other side to slow down. RFC 5049 SigComp for SIP Applying Signaling Compression (SigComp) to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How to compress SIP messages with SigComp: minimum parameters, one compartment per registration, and rules for TCP. RFC 5359 Session Initiation Protocol Service Examples Worked SIP call flows for 18 classic office-phone features, from call hold to click to dial. RFC 5368 SIP Multiple REFER Referring to Multiple Resources in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) One SIP REFER request that points at a whole list of targets, so a server can contact them all for you. RFC 5486 SPEERMINT terms Session Peering for Multimedia Interconnect (SPEERMINT) Terminology Vocabulary for connecting voice and video services between different providers. RFC 5580 RADIUS/Diameter location Carrying Location Objects in RADIUS and Diameter New RADIUS and Diameter attributes that let a network tell an authentication server where a user is, with privacy rules attached. RFC 8373 Human language in RTC Negotiating Human Language in Real-Time Communications How a caller and a called party agree on spoken, written or signed language while a call is being set up. RFC 8794 EBML Extensible Binary Meta Language A compact binary format for nested, self-describing data, built to store audio and video. RFC 2568 Rationale for the Structure of the Model and Protocol for the Internet Printing Protocol The reasoning behind how the Internet Printing Protocol splits into a model, an encoding and an HTTP transport. RFC 1738 URL Uniform Resource Locators (URL) The original definition of the URL: a compact string that says where a resource is and how to reach it. RFC 732 Telnet Data Entry Terminal option A Telnet option that lets a host drive a forms-style data entry terminal with cursor, field and transmit controls. RFC 2287 Definitions of System-Level Managed Objects for Applications An SNMP MIB that lets a manager see which applications are installed and running on a host, without changing the applications. RFC 2530 Indicating Supported Media Features Using Extensions to DSN and MDN A way for mail and fax receivers to report which media features they support inside delivery and read receipts. RFC 2891 LDAP server-side sort LDAP Control Extension for Server Side Sorting of Search Results How an LDAP client asks the directory server to hand back search results already sorted, and how the server says whether it did. RFC 3407 SDP capabilities Session Description Protocol (SDP) Simple Capability Declaration A few small SDP attributes that let an endpoint list what it could support, without promising to do all of it at once. RFC 3420 message/sipfrag Internet Media Type message/sipfrag A MIME type for carrying a piece of a SIP message instead of the whole thing. RFC 3578 Mapping of Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) User Part (ISUP) Overlap Signalling to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a gateway turns digit-by-digit PSTN dialing into SIP calls, and when it is safe to pass the digits on as they arrive. RFC 3581 SIP rport An Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Symmetric Response Routing A small Via parameter that lets a SIP client behind a NAT get responses back on the port its request came from. RFC 3857 SIP Watcher Info A Watcher Information Event Template-Package for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How to subscribe to the list of people who are subscribed to your SIP presence, or to any other event. RFC 4032 SIP Preconditions Update Update to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Preconditions Framework Rules for inventing new SIP precondition types, and a fix for calls whose media moves to a new address. RFC 4488 REFER no-subscribe Suppression of Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) REFER Method Implicit Subscription A SIP header that lets the sender of a REFER say it does not want the automatic subscription and its notifications. RFC 4567 SDP/RTSP key mgmt Key Management Extensions for Session Description Protocol (SDP) and Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) A way to carry key management messages inside SDP and RTSP so media can be keyed during session setup. RFC 4916 Connected Identity in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP phone can tell its peer who really answered, with a signature that can be checked. RFC 5689 Extended MKCOL Extended MKCOL for Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) One WebDAV request that creates a folder of any special type and sets its properties at the same time. RFC 5725 Post-Repair Loss RLE Report Block Type for RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Reports (XRs) An RTCP report block that tells a sender which RTP packets were still missing after every repair method had run. RFC 5870 geo URI A Uniform Resource Identifier for Geographic Locations ('geo' URI) A short, human-readable way to write a point on Earth as a URI, such as geo:13.4125,103.8667. RFC 6230 Media control channel Media Control Channel Framework How an application server uses SIP to open a TCP control channel to a media server and then sends it commands. RFC 6502 XCON Conference Event Conference Event Package Data Format Extension for Centralized Conferencing (XCON) How a centralized conference server tells clients what changed, either by resending everything or by sending only the differences. RFC 6872 SIP CLF Framework The Common Log Format (CLF) for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP): Framework and Information Model A framework and information model for logging SIP traffic in one shared format, like the web's Common Log Format. RFC 7033 WebFinger WebFinger A plain HTTPS lookup that turns an account or email-style identifier into a JSON description of links and facts about it. RFC 7798 RTP HEVC RTP Payload Format for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) How H.265 video is split into NAL units and carried inside RTP packets, with aggregation, fragmentation and SDP signaling. RFC 7808 TZDIST Time Zone Data Distribution Service A simple HTTP and JSON service that keeps clocks, calendars and operating systems supplied with current time zone rules. RFC 7986 iCalendar Properties New Properties for iCalendar New calendar-wide properties and parameters for iCalendar: names, colors, images, conference links and more. RFC 8132 CoAP PATCH/FETCH PATCH and FETCH Methods for the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) Three new CoAP methods that let small devices read or change just part of a resource. RFC 8434 pNFS Layout Reqs Requirements for Parallel NFS (pNFS) Layout Types The rules every pNFS layout type must meet, separated from the rules that only apply to the original file layout. RFC 8845 CLUE framework Framework for Telepresence Multi-Streams How telepresence rooms with many cameras and screens describe what they can send and ask for what they want. RFC 1179 Line Printer Daemon Line printer daemon protocol How Berkeley Unix print clients talk to a line printer daemon over TCP port 515. RFC 1639 FOOBAR FTP Operation Over Big Address Records (FOOBAR) Experimental FTP commands that let data connections use addresses other than 32-bit IPv4 ones. RFC 2288 Using Existing Bibliographic Identifiers as Uniform Resource Names A feasibility study showing that ISBN, ISSN and SICI library identifiers fit inside the URN syntax. RFC 4475 SIP torture tests Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Torture Test Messages A seed collection of nasty but instructive SIP messages for finding bugs in parsers and applications. RFC 5012 Emergency Context Requirements for Emergency Context Resolution with Internet Technologies What an Internet emergency call system must do to turn a caller's location into the right emergency answering point. RFC 5781 The rsync URI Scheme The registration of the rsync:// URI scheme, so rsync sources and destinations can be written as links. RFC 1184 Telnet Linemode Telnet Linemode Option Lets a Telnet client edit a command line locally and send it only when it is done, instead of one packet per keystroke. RFC 2164 MIXER Directory Mapping Use of an X.500/LDAP directory to support MIXER address mapping How to keep the X.400 to RFC 822 address translation tables in an X.500 or LDAP directory. RFC 2349 TFTP Timeout/Size TFTP Timeout Interval and Transfer Size Options Two TFTP options: agree on the retransmission timeout, and learn the file size before the transfer starts. RFC 4248 telnet URI The telnet URI Scheme How to write a link that points at a remote Telnet login, such as telnet://host:23/. RFC 4524 COSINE LDAP/X.500 schema COSINE LDAP/X.500 Schema A cleaned-up set of directory attributes and object classes inherited from the COSINE and Internet X.500 pilots, rewritten for LDAP. RFC 5024 ODETTE FTP 2.0 ODETTE File Transfer Protocol 2.0 A business file-transfer protocol with signed receipts, now with TLS, CMS file security and compression. RFC 7826 RTSP 2.0 Real-Time Streaming Protocol Version 2.0 A network remote control for streaming servers: set up a session, then play, pause, seek and tear down media that travels by other means. RFC 7989 End-to-End Session ID End-to-End Session Identification in IP-Based Multimedia Communication Networks A Session-ID header that gives a SIP call one identifier made of two UUIDs, one from each end. RFC 8266 PRECIS Nicknames Preparation, Enforcement, and Comparison of Internationalized Strings Representing Nicknames How to prepare, enforce and compare Unicode nicknames and display names so they behave sensibly everywhere. RFC 8855 BFCP The Binary Floor Control Protocol (BFCP) A talking stick for conferences: how participants ask for, hold and give up shared resources like the right to send video. RFC 8856 BFCP in SDP Session Description Protocol (SDP) Format for Binary Floor Control Protocol (BFCP) Streams How call setup messages describe a BFCP stream: the m= line, five new attributes and who plays client or server. RFC 137 Telnet Telnet Protocol - a proposed document The committee's first full proposal for Telnet: a shared virtual terminal so any user terminal can drive any host. RFC 177 Device independent graphical display description A proposed way to describe pictures so any graphics display on the ARPANET can draw them. RFC 560 RCTE Remote Controlled Transmission and Echoing Telnet option A Telnet option that lets the server tell the user's host when to echo typing and when to send it. RFC 669 November, 1974, survey of New-Protocol Telnet servers The November 1974 progress check on new-protocol Telnet servers across the ARPANET. RFC 701 August, 1974, survey of New-Protocol Telnet servers The first monthly check on which ARPANET hosts had built the new Telnet protocol. RFC 1408 Telnet environment Telnet Environment Option A Telnet option that lets a client pass environment variables such as USER and DISPLAY to the server at login. RFC 1436 Gopher The Internet Gopher Protocol (a distributed document search and retrieval protocol) A menu-driven way to browse and fetch documents from many servers, built to be simple enough for 1 MB desktop machines. RFC 2054 WebNFS Client WebNFS Client Specification Lightweight NFS client binding with minimal protocol overhead RFC 2542 Terminology and Goals for Internet Fax The shared vocabulary and wish list for sending faxes over the Internet, ranked by how badly each feature is wanted. RFC 2811 IRC channels Internet Relay Chat: Channel Management How IRC servers create, name, protect and police chat channels, from '#' rooms to collision-resistant '!' channels. RFC 2812 IRC client protocol Internet Relay Chat: Client Protocol The text-line commands an IRC client sends to a server to register, join channels, chat and query the network. RFC 2813 IRC server protocol Internet Relay Chat: Server Protocol How IRC servers link into one tree, share who and what exists, and survive splits, floods and name clashes. RFC 3752 OPES Open Pluggable Edge Services (OPES) Use Cases and Deployment Scenarios Examples of what OPES services could do to requests and responses, and how they could be deployed. RFC 4259 A Framework for Transmission of IP Datagrams over MPEG-2 Networks An architecture for carrying IP over digital TV transport streams, and what is needed to do it well. RFC 5067 Infrastructure ENUM Infrastructure ENUM Requirements How phone companies connect their networks using internet technology. RFC 5390 SIP Overload Needs Requirements for Management of Overload in the Session Initiation Protocol Fixing SIP when servers get too busy. RFC 5808 Location-by-Reference Requirements for a Location-by-Reference Mechanism What a protocol must do so that a location can be shared as a link instead of as raw coordinates. RFC 6357 Design Considerations for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Overload Control Design framework for mechanisms to prevent SIP servers from becoming overloaded RFC 7736 CDNI Media Type Content Delivery Network Interconnection (CDNI) Media Type Registration One shared media type, application/cdni, that labels every kind of message passed between interconnected CDNs. RFC 9694 Top-Level Media Types Guidelines for the Definition of New Top-Level Media Types The rules for adding a new top-level media type, such as the part before the slash in text/html. RFC 1617 Naming and Structuring Guidelines for X.500 Directory Pilots How to lay out and name entries in an X.500 white pages directory so separate pilot projects fit together. RFC 2167 RWhois Referral Whois (RWhois) Protocol V1.5 A directory protocol that hands you from server to server, following the hierarchy of a domain name or IP network, until you reach the one that holds the data. RFC 3196 IPP Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Implementor's Guide Practical advice for building IPP/1.1 clients and printers: request checking, job validation, character sets and HTTP transport. RFC 2569 Mapping between LPD and IPP Protocols How a gateway can translate between the old Line Printer Daemon protocol and the Internet Printing Protocol. RFC 3265 SIP events Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)-Specific Event Notification A SIP framework for asking another node to tell you when something changes, using SUBSCRIBE and NOTIFY. RFC 2377 Naming Plan for Internet Directory-Enabled Applications A plan for naming directory entries by reusing DNS domain names and e-mail style identifiers instead of X.500 registrations. RFC 2652 CIP MIME Objects MIME Object Definitions for the Common Indexing Protocol (CIP) The MIME message formats CIP servers use to poll, notify and exchange indexes, and the rules for new index types. RFC 3331 SS7 MTP2 user adaptation Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 2 (MTP2) - User Adaptation Layer How a phone-network signalling link is extended over IP so a remote controller can run the upper layers of SS7. RFC 3380 IPP set operations Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): Job and Printer Set Operations Three optional IPP operations that let you change a print job or printer after the fact, and ask a printer what it will accept. RFC 3672 LDAP Subentries Subentries in the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) How LDAP carries X.500 subentries, the special entries that describe administrative rules for part of the directory tree. RFC 3673 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol version 3 (LDAPv3): All Operational Attributes Requesting all operational attributes in LDAP directory searches. RFC 3959 Early-Session The Early Session Disposition Type for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP body label that lets phones set up ringing tones and announcements without disturbing the real call's media. RFC 4028 SIP Session Timers Session Timers in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A keepalive for SIP calls, so proxies and phones can tell when a session is really over. RFC 4114 E.164 EPP Mapping E.164 Number Mapping for the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) How a registry adds, reads and changes phone-number routing records through EPP. RFC 4497 SIP-QSIG interworking Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and QSIG How a gateway turns circuit-switched QSIG phone signalling into SIP calls, and back, inside a company network. RFC 4518 LDAP string preparation Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Internationalized String Preparation The six-step recipe LDAP uses to clean up text so that strings written differently can still match. RFC 4527 LDAP read entry controls Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Read Entry Controls Ask the directory server to hand back a copy of an entry from just before or just after your update, in the same atomic step. RFC 4528 LDAP Assertion Control Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Assertion Control Make an LDAP operation happen only if a filter about the target entry is true, as one atomic step. RFC 4574 SDP label attribute The Session Description Protocol (SDP) Label Attribute A media-level SDP attribute that gives each stream a token an application can point to from outside the session description. RFC 4694 tel URI NP Number Portability Parameters for the "tel" URI Five extra parameters that let a phone-number link carry number portability routing hints between trusted call-handling nodes. RFC 5002 P-Profile-Key The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) P-Profile-Key Private Header (P-Header) A private SIP header that passes a profile lookup key between two proxies in 3GPP IMS so the user database only has to match a wildcard once. RFC 5223 Discovering Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Servers Using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) How a DHCP server hands a device the domain name of a nearby emergency-location lookup server. RFC 5262 Partial PIDF Presence Information Data Format (PIDF) Extension for Partial Presence A way to send only the changed parts of a presence document instead of the whole thing every time. RFC 5318 P-Refused-URI-List The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) P-Refused-URI-List Private-Header (P-Header) A SIP header that lets a server refuse a request containing nested URI lists and hand back the members instead. RFC 5365 Multiple-Recipient MESSAGE Requests in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Send one SIP instant message plus a list of recipients, and let a service deliver a copy to each of them. RFC 5367 SIP Resource Lists Subscriptions to Request-Contained Resource Lists in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Subscribe to a whole list of SIP resources in one request by putting the list in the request body. RFC 5371 RTP JPEG 2000 RTP Payload Format for JPEG 2000 Video Streams How to chop JPEG 2000 video frames into RTP packets and describe them in SDP. RFC 5839 SIP Conditional Events An Extension to Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Events for Conditional Event Notification Lets a SIP subscriber say 'only bother me if the state changed since the version I already have'. RFC 5923 SIP connection reuse Connection Reuse in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How two SIP peers can reuse one authenticated TLS connection to send requests in both directions. RFC 6157 SIP IPv6 Transition IPv6 Transition in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP calls get signaling and media across the gap between IPv4-only and IPv6-only phones. RFC 6270 tn3270 URI The 'tn3270' URI Scheme A web-style address for opening a Telnet 3270 mainframe terminal session. RFC 6464 RTP client audio level A Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) Header Extension for Client-to-Mixer Audio Level Indication A tiny RTP header extension that tells a conference mixer how loud each audio packet is, so it need not decode them all. RFC 6465 RTP mixer audio level A Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) Header Extension for Mixer-to-Client Audio Level Indication How a conference mixer tells each listener how loud every participant is, inside the audio packets themselves. RFC 6772 Geolocation policy Geolocation Policy: A Document Format for Expressing Privacy Preferences for Location Information A rule language that lets people say who may see their location, and how precisely. RFC 6809 SIP Feature-Caps Mechanism to Indicate Support of Features and Capabilities in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP header that lets proxies, registrars and B2BUAs advertise what they support. RFC 6848 Specifying Civic Address Extensions in the Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO) How to add new fields to civic addresses without breaking old software, including when an address is converted between DHCP and XML. RFC 6871 Session Description Protocol (SDP) Media Capabilities Negotiation Lets two endpoints offer and negotiate codecs, codec settings and even future media streams inside a single SDP exchange. RFC 6958 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for Burst/Gap Loss Metric Reporting An RTCP report block that says whether lost media packets vanish in clumps or one at a time. RFC 7070 Reputation Architecture An Architecture for Reputation Reporting A general design for asking a service how trustworthy a domain name or other identifier is. RFC 7071 A Media Type for Reputation Interchange A JSON answer card, the reputon, and the media type that carries ratings about names and things. RFC 7118 SIP over WebSocket The WebSocket Protocol as a Transport for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP messages ride over a WebSocket connection, so browsers and other web clients can use SIP. RFC 7459 PIDF-LO uncertainty Representation of Uncertainty and Confidence in the Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO) Defines what uncertainty and confidence mean for a location estimate and adds a confidence element to PIDF-LO. RFC 7529 Non-Gregorian iCalendar Non-Gregorian Recurrence Rules in the Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar) Lets a repeating calendar event follow the Chinese, Hebrew, Ethiopic or another calendar, while the file itself stays Gregorian. RFC 7587 Opus RTP Payload RTP Payload Format for the Opus Speech and Audio Codec How Opus-encoded speech and music is carried in RTP packets, and how to describe it in SDP. RFC 7741 RTP VP8 RTP Payload Format for VP8 Video How to chop VP8 video into RTP packets so receivers can cope with loss and servers can drop what they must. RFC 7865 SIP Recording Metadata Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Recording Metadata The XML description of who and what is in a recorded SIP call, sent from the recording client to the recording server. RFC 7874 WebRTC Audio Codec and Processing Requirements The minimum audio codecs and sound handling every WebRTC endpoint must support so browser calls can interoperate. RFC 7931 NFSv4.0 Migration NFSv4.0 Migration: Specification Update Fixes how NFSv4.0 servers hand a file system, and the locks on it, to another server without confusing clients. RFC 8262 SIP Content-ID Content-ID Header Field in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP header field that names a whole message body, so other headers can point to it. RFC 8435 pNFS Flexible Files Parallel NFS (pNFS) Flexible File Layout A pNFS layout that sends clients straight to ordinary NFS servers for file data, with mirroring done by the client. RFC 8591 SIP Messaging S/MIME SIP-Based Messaging with S/MIME How SIP chat messages can be signed and encrypted from sender to recipient with S/MIME, instead of trusting every hop. RFC 8851 RID RTP Payload Format Restrictions An SDP attribute that labels each RTP stream and attaches codec-independent limits such as resolution and bitrate. RFC 8852 RTP stream ID SDES RTP Stream Identifier Source Description (SDES) Two RTCP name tags that tell apart the individual streams inside one RTP session. RFC 8859 SDP Mux Categories A Framework for Session Description Protocol (SDP) Attributes When Multiplexing A way to sort SDP attributes by how they behave when many media streams share one transport flow. RFC 8864 SDP data channels Negotiation Data Channels Using the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Opening WebRTC data channels with the SDP offer/answer exchange instead of in-band messages. RFC 8865 T.140 over WebRTC T.140 Real-Time Text Conversation over WebRTC Data Channels Live, character-by-character text conversation carried over a WebRTC data channel and negotiated with SDP. RFC 8946 PASSporT Diverted Calls Personal Assertion Token (PASSporT) Extension for Diverted Calls A signed note on a forwarded phone call saying where it was diverted from, so call-identity checks do not mistake forwarding for fraud. RFC 9554 vCard for JSContact vCard Format Extensions for JSContact New vCard properties, parameters and values so that vCard can carry everything JSContact can. RFC 9758 ipn URI scheme Updates to the 'ipn' URI Scheme Adds allocators, special node numbers and a compact three-element encoding to the ipn URI scheme used by Bundle Protocol nodes. RFC 8254 URN Namespace Transition Uniform Resource Name (URN) Namespace Registration Transition Moves the ISBN and ISSN URN namespaces to the relaxed registration rules of RFC 8141 and retires their old RFCs. RFC 407 RJE Remote Job Entry Protocol How a user on the early ARPANET submitted a batch job to a remote host and got the output back. RFC 1279 X.500 and Domains X.500 and Domains How the X.500 directory could sit above the Domain Name System, and how domain data could be stored in it. RFC 1372 Telnet Flow Control Telnet Remote Flow Control Option How a Telnet host tells the user's Telnet client when to turn terminal flow control off and on, and when output may restart. RFC 4266 gopher URI The gopher URI Scheme How to write a web-style address that points at a Gopher menu, document or search. RFC 7578 multipart/form-data Returning Values from Forms: multipart/form-data The message format browsers use to send filled-in forms and file uploads in one body, one labeled part per field. RFC 9429 JSEP JavaScript Session Establishment Protocol (JSEP) How a web page's JavaScript drives WebRTC call setup by creating, applying and exchanging session descriptions. RFC 1275 Replication Requirements to provide an Internet Directory using X.500 Making a global directory work by replicating data widely. RFC 1579 Firewall-Friendly FTP Why FTP clients should use PASV so that data connections pass through packet-filter firewalls. RFC 2055 WebNFS Server WebNFS Server Specification How servers support web browsers accessing NFS filesystems RFC 2803 DOMHASH Digest Values for DOM (DOMHASH) Computing stable cryptographic digests of XML documents. RFC 2805 MGCP architecture Media Gateway Control Protocol Architecture and Requirements What a protocol for a call controller to command a media gateway must be able to do, from reserving resources to playing announcements. RFC 3040 Internet Web Replication and Caching Taxonomy A shared vocabulary and map of the protocols behind web caches, proxies and replicated servers. RFC 3283 Guide to Internet Calendaring Map of the Internet calendaring standards and how they work together. RFC 3487 Requirements for Resource Priority Mechanisms for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) What SIP would need so that emergency preparedness calls can get through when networks are congested. RFC 3689 ETS Requirements General Requirements for Emergency Telecommunication Service (ETS) A short list of what the Internet must be able to do so that authorized emergency traffic can be told apart and given a better chance. RFC 5167 Media Server Control Protocol Requirements What a protocol must do so an application server can direct a media server to play, mix and collect audio and video. RFC 5567 Media Server Control An Architectural Framework for Media Server Control The blueprint for application servers to command media servers RFC 5582 Location-to-URL mapping Location-to-URL Mapping Architecture and Framework A DNS-like hierarchy of servers that turns where you are into the URL of the right local service, such as emergency help. RFC 5687 GEOPRIV Layer 7 Location Configuration Protocol: Problem Statement and Requirements What a protocol for asking the local network 'where am I?' has to do, and why the problem is harder than it sounds. RFC 5853 SBC Requirements Requirements from Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Session Border Control (SBC) Deployments A catalogue of what Session Border Controllers do to SIP traffic, why operators want it, and where it bends SIP's rules. RFC 6341 SIPREC Use Cases and Requirements for SIP-Based Media Recording (SIPREC) Twelve recording scenarios and 31 requirements for copying SIP call media to a recorder. RFC 7375 STIR threat model Secure Telephone Identity Threat Model A catalogue of who can impersonate a caller's phone number, how, and what that enables. RFC 7657 Diffserv and RTC Differentiated Services (Diffserv) and Real-Time Communication How to mark packets for quality of service in real-time video calls and web conferencing. RFC 9153 DRIP Requirements Drone Remote Identification Protocol (DRIP) Requirements and Terminology The vocabulary and numbered requirements for letting anyone identify a drone in flight and check that its identity is genuine. RFC 2911 IPP/1.1 model Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Model and Semantics The abstract model behind network printing: Printer and Job objects, the operations on them, and the attributes that describe them. RFC 2910 IPP/1.1 transport Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport How IPP print requests are packed into a binary message and carried inside HTTP POST requests. RFC 1276 Replication and Distributed Operations extensions to provide an Internet Directory using X.500 An interim recipe for copying and sharing X.500 directory data across the Internet, since replaced by waiting for the standard. RFC 1494 Equivalences between 1988 X.400 and RFC-822 Message Bodies A lookup table for gateways that translate message bodies between X.400 mail and Internet MIME mail. RFC 5389 STUN Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) A small toolkit for learning your public address behind a NAT, meant to be used inside bigger NAT traversal solutions. RFC 3529 XML-RPC over BEEP Using Extensible Markup Language-Remote Procedure Calling (XML-RPC) in Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol (BEEP) How to carry XML-RPC procedure calls over BEEP channels instead of HTTP. RFC 5022 MSCML Media Server Control Markup Language (MSCML) and Protocol An XML control language, carried inside SIP messages, for running conferences and phone menus on a media server. RFC 2251 LDAPv3 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (v3) A lightweight way to read and update X.500-style directories over a plain TCP connection. RFC 4566 SDP SDP: Session Description Protocol A compact text format for describing who, what, where and when of a multimedia session. RFC 2327 SDP SDP: Session Description Protocol A plain-text format that says what a multimedia session is, when it runs and how to join it. RFC 640 FTP Revised FTP reply codes A new scheme of three-digit FTP reply codes where the first digit alone tells a program whether a command worked. RFC 655 Telnet output formfeed disposition option Negotiating how to handle formfeed characters in Telnet output. RFC 726 Remote Controlled Transmission and Echoing Telnet option A Telnet option that lets the server tell your terminal when to send typed text and what to echo. RFC 736 Telnet SUPDUP option A Telnet option code that lets two hosts agree to switch a connection over to the SUPDUP display protocol. RFC 1096 Telnet X Display Telnet X display location option A Telnet option that lets a client tell the remote host where the user's X display is. RFC 1572 Telnet Environment Telnet Environment Option A Telnet option that lets a client pass environment variables such as USER and DISPLAY to the server at connection time. RFC 1835 WHOIS++ Architecture of the WHOIS++ service A structured, distributed directory service for finding information about people and resources on the Internet. RFC 2079 X.500 URI Attribute Definition of an X.500 Attribute Type and an Object Class to Hold Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) A standard way to store web addresses, with optional labels, in LDAP and X.500 directory entries. RFC 2564 Application MIB Application Management MIB SNMP objects that let a manager see and control what applications are doing inside, with the application's help. RFC 2589 LDAP Dynamic Directory Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (v3): Extensions for Dynamic Directory Services Directory entries that vanish on their own unless the client keeps refreshing them. RFC 2640 FTP Internationalization Internationalization of the File Transfer Protocol How FTP learned to carry file names in any script and to speak the user's language, without breaking old clients. RFC 2658 PureVoice RTP RTP Payload Format for PureVoice(tm) Audio How to pack Qualcomm PureVoice (Qcelp) speech frames into RTP packets, with optional interleaving to hide packet loss. RFC 2738 Corrections to "A Syntax for Describing Media Feature Sets" Two small fixes to the media feature set syntax and matching rules of RFC 2533. RFC 2938 Identifying Composite Media Features A short hash-based name that stands in for a long description of what a device or program can handle. RFC 3108 Conventions for the use of the Session Description Protocol (SDP) for ATM Bearer Connections How to describe an ATM bearer connection, and the adaptation layer on it, using ordinary SDP lines. RFC 3190 RTP Payload Format for 12-bit DAT Audio and 20- and 24-bit Linear Sampled Audio How to carry 12-bit, 20-bit and 24-bit digital audio in RTP packets, plus a way to flag preemphasis. RFC 3297 Content Negotiation for Messaging Services based on Email How a fax or voice sender can offer alternative formats by email and let the receiver ask for a better one. RFC 3687 LDAP Component Matching Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and X.500 Component Matching Rules Generic matching rules that let LDAP and X.500 searches look inside any structured attribute value. RFC 3880 CPL Call Processing Language (CPL): A Language for User Control of Internet Telephony Services A deliberately limited XML language for describing what a server does with your phone calls. RFC 3996 IPP ippget Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): The 'ippget' Delivery Method for Event Notifications How an IPP client asks a printer for its event notifications, either by polling or by holding a connection open. RFC 4037 OPES Callout Protocol Open Pluggable Edge Services (OPES) Callout Protocol (OCP) Core How an intermediary hands messages to a specialist server for adaptation and gets the result back. RFC 4040 Clearmode RTP RTP Payload Format for a 64 kbit/s Transparent Call How to carry a raw 64 kbit/s data channel untouched inside RTP packets, using a pseudo-codec called Clearmode. RFC 4112 ECML v2 Electronic Commerce Modeling Language (ECML) Version 2 Specification A standard set of names for the shipping, billing and payment fields that online shops ask for, so wallet software can fill them in. RFC 4237 VPIM directory Voice Messaging Directory Service A directory schema that turns a telephone number into a voice mailbox address, a spoken name and capabilities. RFC 4320 SIP non-INVITE fixes Actions Addressing Identified Issues with the Session Initiation Protocol's (SIP) Non-INVITE Transaction Small changes to SIP's non-INVITE transactions that cut useless messages and stop timeout storms. RFC 4411 SIP Preemption Reason Extending the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Reason Header for Preemption Events A new SIP Reason value that tells a hung-up party the call was cut off to make room for a higher-priority one. RFC 4570 SDP source filters Session Description Protocol (SDP) Source Filters An SDP attribute that lists which sender addresses a receiver should accept, or ignore, for a session. RFC 4644 NNTP streaming feeds Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) Extension for Streaming Feeds How news servers pipeline article offers and transfers with CHECK and TAKETHIS instead of waiting on every IHAVE. RFC 5005 Feed Paging Feed Paging and Archiving Three ways to spread a syndicated web feed over several documents: paged, archived and complete. RFC 5076 ENUM Validation EPP ENUM Validation Information Mapping for the Extensible Provisioning Protocol An EPP extension that lets a registry store how a phone number behind an ENUM domain name was validated. RFC 5163 ULE extension headers Extension Formats for Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE) and the Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE) Three extra headers for ULE and GSE that carry MPEG-2 packets, bundle small packets, and add timestamps. RFC 5188 EVRC-WB RTP RTP Payload Format for the Enhanced Variable Rate Wideband Codec (EVRC-WB) and the Media Subtype Updates for EVRC-B Codec How to carry wideband EVRC-WB speech in RTP and in files, and what changes for EVRC-B media types. RFC 5370 SIP Bridge Transcoding The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Conference Bridge Transcoding Model How a SIP call can be routed through a transcoding server that sits between the two callers like a conference bridge. RFC 5393 Addressing an Amplification Vulnerability in Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Forking Proxies A few SIP requests could set off exponential proxy traffic. This update requires loop detection when forking and adds Max-Breadth. RFC 5450 RTP Tx Time Offsets Transmission Time Offsets in RTP Streams A small RTP header extension that tells receivers when a packet was really sent, so source-made timing wobble is not blamed on the network. RFC 5628 Reg event GRUU Registration Event Package Extension for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Globally Routable User Agent URIs (GRUUs) Two small XML elements that let SIP registration notifications carry a device's globally reachable address. RFC 5630 SIPS URI usage The Use of the SIPS URI Scheme in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) What a sips: address really promises in SIP, and the rules that stop proxies from quietly weakening it. RFC 5962 PIDF-LO dynamic Dynamic Extensions to the Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO) Three small XML elements that let a location report say which way something faces, how fast it moves and where it is heading. RFC 6048 NNTP LIST Additions Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) Additions to LIST Command Five new LIST variants and three new group status values let news clients ask servers about policy and configuration. RFC 6080 A Framework for Session Initiation Protocol User Agent Profile Delivery How a SIP phone finds its settings, downloads them and hears about changes, with no manual setup. RFC 6236 SDP image attributes Negotiation of Generic Image Attributes in the Session Description Protocol (SDP) An SDP attribute that lets a receiver say which picture sizes it wants, so senders stop wasting bits and receivers stop rescaling. RFC 6446 SIP rate control Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Notification Extension for Notification Rate Control Three Event header parameters let a SIP subscriber set a ceiling, a floor or an adaptive floor on how often it is notified. RFC 6503 CCMP Centralized Conferencing Manipulation Protocol A stateless, XML-over-HTTP protocol for creating and changing online conferences, their participants and their roles. RFC 6505 MCC Mixer Package A Mixer Control Package for the Media Control Channel Framework XML commands that let an application server tell a media server how to mix audio and video for conferences and bridged calls. RFC 6688 pNFS Disk Protection Parallel NFS (pNFS) Block Disk Protection A partition-table label that lets a computer recognise shared pNFS block disks at boot, before it can ask the server. RFC 6794 SIP session policies A Framework for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Session Policies How SIP proxies and network policy servers can tell phones and other endpoints the rules for a session before they break them. RFC 6795 SIP policy events A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Package for Session-Specific Policies The SIP subscription that lets a phone ask a policy server what is allowed for its call and hear about changes. RFC 6796 SIP media policy profile A User Agent Profile Data Set for Media Policy An XML format for describing what media a SIP call uses, and for setting limits on codecs, media types, bandwidth and ports. RFC 7064 URI Scheme for the Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) Protocol The stun: and stuns: URI schemes for naming a STUN server in configuration. RFC 7072 A Reputation Query Protocol How a client asks a reputation service about a name: fetch a URI template, fill it in, send a GET. RFC 7073 A Reputation Response Set for Email Identifiers The vocabulary a reputation service uses to say whether an email sender, domain or address is trouble. RFC 7104 Duplication Grouping Semantics in the Session Description Protocol How SDP labels two or more copies of the same media stream so receivers can use one to repair loss in the other. RFC 7339 SIP overload control Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Overload Control How a SIP server that is drowning in requests tells its neighbours to send fewer, using four new Via header parameters. RFC 7395 XMPP over WebSocket An Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) Subprotocol for WebSocket How browser-based chat clients can speak XMPP over a WebSocket instead of HTTP long polling. RFC 7463 SIP shared appearances Shared Appearances of a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Address of Record (AOR) How several SIP phones can share one address, see each other's calls, and pick up or join them. RFC 7565 acct URI The 'acct' URI Scheme A URI scheme that names a user's account at a service, without saying how to talk to it. RFC 7573 SIP-XMPP Chat Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): One-to-One Text Chat Sessions How a gateway turns SIP/MSRP one-to-one chat sessions into XMPP chat messages, and back. RFC 7728 RTP Pause and Resume RTP Stream Pause and Resume Four small RTCP feedback messages that let a receiver ask a sender to stop sending a stream and start again, without renegotiating the session. RFC 7742 WebRTC Video WebRTC Video Processing and Codec Requirements Which video codecs every WebRTC browser must support, and the processing rules that make video calls interoperate. RFC 7809 CalDAV TZ by Reference Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV): Time Zones by Reference CalDAV clients and servers stop shipping bulky, unchanging time zone definitions with every calendar object. RFC 7840 HELD Routing Request A Routing Request Extension for the HTTP-Enabled Location Delivery (HELD) Protocol Lets a device ask a location server for emergency call routing in the same request that asks for its location. RFC 7848 Mark and Signed Mark Mark and Signed Mark Objects Mapping An XML format for describing trademarks and digitally signing them so they can be used to claim domain names early. RFC 7879 DTLS-SRTP in B2BUAs DTLS-SRTP Handling in SIP Back-to-Back User Agents Rules that let SIP middleboxes sit in a call without breaking end-to-end DTLS-SRTP encryption. RFC 7953 Calendar Availability Calendar Availability A new iCalendar component for publishing repeating blocks of available time, such as office hours. RFC 8154 pNFS SCSI Layout Parallel NFS (pNFS) Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Layout How pNFS clients read and write SCSI disks directly, with persistent reservations to fence off misbehaving clients. RFC 8627 Flexible FEC RTP RTP Payload Format for Flexible Forward Error Correction (FEC) Extra XOR repair packets, sent in their own RTP stream, let a receiver rebuild lost audio, video or data packets. RFC 8849 CLUE RTP mapping Mapping RTP Streams to Controlling Multiple Streams for Telepresence (CLUE) Media Captures How a receiver of a switched telepresence video stream learns which camera is on screen right now. RFC 8853 SDP simulcast Using Simulcast in Session Description Protocol (SDP) and RTP Sessions How a video sender announces several versions of the same source, and how SDP describes them. RFC 8858 rtcp-mux-only Indicating Exclusive Support of RTP and RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Multiplexing Using the Session Description Protocol (SDP) A one-word SDP attribute that says an endpoint will only send RTP and RTCP together on a single port. RFC 8863 ICE PAC Interactive Connectivity Establishment Patiently Awaiting Connectivity (ICE PAC) Why ICE should wait a little longer before declaring failure, and how the PAC timer does it. RFC 8873 MSRP data channels Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP) over Data Channels How chat and file transfer using MSRP can ride inside a WebRTC data channel instead of a TCP or TLS connection. RFC 8908 Captive Portal API Captive Portal API A small HTTPS and JSON interface that lets a device ask a Wi-Fi network whether it is stuck behind a login page. RFC 9290 CoAP Problem Details Concise Problem Details for Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) APIs A compact CBOR format for machine-readable error details in CoAP responses. RFC 9366 SIP Reason Header Multiple SIP Reason Header Field Values A SIP message may now carry several Reason values for one protocol, if that protocol says what that means. RFC 9559 Matroska Matroska Media Container Format Specification The open container format that packs video, audio, subtitles, chapters and tags into one file, built on EBML. RFC 9610 JMAP Contacts JSON Meta Application Protocol (JMAP) for Contacts How a JMAP client and server keep address books and contact cards in sync. RFC 953 Hostname Server Hostname Server A one-question-per-connection service for fetching the Internet host table over TCP. RFC 1874 SGML Media Types SGML Media Types How to label SGML documents in email and on the web. RFC 8847 CLUE protocol Protocol for Controlling Multiple Streams for Telepresence (CLUE) Telepresence endpoints describe and negotiate media streams over SCTP-over-DTLS. RFC 5245 ICE Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) How two endpoints behind NATs gather, test and choose a working network path for a UDP media session. RFC 204 Sockets in use Jon Postel asks which standard programs listen on which socket numbers, and whether some should be reserved. RFC 1202 Directory Assistance Directory Assistance service A simple text protocol for accessing X.500 directory services. RFC 1249 DIXIE DIXIE Protocol Specification A lightweight UDP and TCP gateway that lets small hosts query and edit the OSI X.500 Directory. RFC 1430 A Strategic Plan for Deploying an Internet X.500 Directory Service A roadmap for building a global Internet directory based on the X.500 standard. RFC 1576 TN3270 TN3270 Current Practices How IBM 3270 mainframe terminals were carried over ordinary Telnet connections, as practiced by vendors. RFC 1803 X.500 Production Recommendations for an X.500 Production Directory Service Basic service targets for running a country-level X.500 directory server as a production service rather than a pilot. RFC 2306 TIFF-F Tag Image File Format (TIFF) - F Profile for Facsimile The written-down recipe for storing black-and-white fax pages in a TIFF file. RFC 2354 Options for Repair of Streaming Media A survey of ways a sender can protect audio and video streams from lost packets. RFC 2458 Pre-PINT Implementations Toward the PSTN/Internet Inter-Networking--Pre-PINT Implementations Early systems for combining Internet requests with telephone network calls. RFC 2586 audio/L16 The Audio/L16 MIME content type A simple, uncompressed audio format for the internet RFC 2703 Protocol-independent Content Negotiation Framework The vocabulary, abstract model and goals for letting any protocol agree on the best form of a resource to send. RFC 2707 Job Monitoring MIB Job Monitoring MIB - V1.0 An SNMP standard for tracking printer jobs, their status, and resource use. RFC 2967 TISDAG TISDAG - Technical Infrastructure for Swedish Directory Access Gateways A gateway system that unifies directory searches across multiple Swedish service providers. RFC 3351 SIP accessibility needs User Requirements for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) in Support of Deaf, Hard of Hearing and Speech-impaired Individuals How SIP-based communications can support deaf, hard of hearing, and speech-impaired individuals RFC 3666 SIP PSTN Call Flows Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Call Flows Worked message-by-message examples of how SIP phone calls connect to, and through, the ordinary telephone network. RFC 3836 OPES Callout Reqs Requirements for Open Pluggable Edge Services (OPES) Callout Protocols What a protocol must do when an OPES processor hands data to a remote callout server for processing. RFC 3838 OPES Policy Requirements Policy, Authorization, and Enforcement Requirements of the Open Pluggable Edge Services (OPES) What an OPES system must require so the right people decide which edge services touch which traffic. RFC 3914 OPES IAB Response Open Pluggable Edge Services (OPES) Treatment of IAB Considerations How OPES architecture addresses concerns raised by the Internet Architecture Board. RFC 3960 SIP Early Media Early Media and Ringing Tone Generation in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Managing audio and video before a call is accepted. RFC 4245 SIP conferencing reqs High-Level Requirements for Tightly Coupled SIP Conferencing The checklist of what a central-server SIP conference has to be able to do. RFC 4725 ENUM validation ENUM Validation Architecture Ensuring that ENUM domain registrants actually own the phone numbers they register. RFC 4810 Long-Term Archive Service Requirements Requirements for digital archive systems that preserve data and prove its integrity for decades or centuries. RFC 5028 ENUM for IM A Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM) Service Registration for Instant Messaging (IM) Services Registers an ENUM service that maps a telephone number to an im: instant messaging URI. RFC 5716 Requirements for Federated File Systems A unified filesystem namespace across independent file servers. RFC 6386 VP8 VP8 Data Format and Decoding Guide How VP8 video is packed into bytes, and the exact steps a decoder follows to turn those bytes back into pictures. RFC 6972 PPSP Problem Statement and Requirements of the Peer-to-Peer Streaming Protocol (PPSP) A standard protocol to replace proprietary peer-to-peer streaming systems. RFC 7245 SIPREC Architecture An Architecture for Media Recording Using the Session Initiation Protocol How a SIP environment copies a call's media and metadata to a recording server, and where the copying can happen. RFC 8816 STIR out-of-band Secure Telephone Identity Revisited (STIR) Out-of-Band Architecture and Use Cases How a caller's signed identity token can reach the callee through a side channel when the phone network cannot carry it. RFC 5766 TURN Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) How a host stuck behind a NAT asks a public server to relay its packets to peers it cannot reach directly. RFC 354 FTP File Transfer Protocol The original ARPANET specification for moving files between hosts using a command channel and separate data connections. RFC 1282 Rlogin BSD Rlogin How the BSD remote-login protocol sets up a session over TCP port 513, and the security risk of its trusted-host shortcut. RFC 9878 SIP P-headers update Updates to Private Header (P-Header) Extension Usage in Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Requests and Responses Loosens and corrects which SIP messages may carry the 3GPP private P-headers from RFC 7315. RFC 97 Telnet First Cut at a Proposed Telnet Protocol An early sketch of Telnet, which lets a terminal at one site act like a terminal directly attached to a remote server. RFC 653 Telnet output horizontal tabstops option Negotiating horizontal tab stops on a Telnet connection. RFC 654 Telnet output horizontal tab disposition option Deciding who handles horizontal tab characters in Telnet output. RFC 657 Telnet output vertical tab disposition option Deciding who handles vertical tab characters in Telnet output. RFC 691 One more try on the FTP A revised plea to fix FTP-1's rough edges, with a new approach to print files using the SRVR command. RFC 734 SUPDUP SUPDUP Protocol A display-oriented remote terminal protocol RFC 741 NVP Specifications for the Network Voice Protocol (NVP) The first protocol for sending real-time voice conversations over a packet network RFC 906 TFTP bootstrap Bootstrap loading using TFTP A proposal to use TFTP as the standard way for a machine to load its first code file from the network. RFC 735 Telnet Byte Macro Revised Telnet byte macro option A Telnet option that lets one side define a single byte as shorthand for a longer string. RFC 2293 X.500 Tables Representing Tables and Subtrees in the X.500 Directory Two simple patterns for keeping lookup tables and private subtrees inside an X.500 directory. RFC 2294 O/R Address in X.500 Representing the O/R Address hierarchy in the X.500 Directory Information Tree How an X.400 mail address becomes a path through the X.500 directory tree. RFC 2307 An Approach for Using LDAP as a Network Information Service A schema for storing network and system information in LDAP directories RFC 2435 RTP JPEG RTP Payload Format for JPEG-compressed Video How to cut Motion-JPEG video frames into RTP packets so they can be streamed and put back together. RFC 2605 Directory Monitoring MIB Directory Server Monitoring MIB SNMP objects that let operators watch directory servers: entry counts, cache hits, operations, errors and peer contacts. RFC 2654 CIP Tagged Index Object A Tagged Index Object for use in the Common Indexing Protocol Lets database servers exchange labeled search indexes to find information across systems. RFC 3866 LDAP Language Tags Language Tags and Ranges in the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) How LDAP labels directory values with a natural language and lets clients search for the languages they want. RFC 4587 H.261 over RTP RTP Payload Format for H.261 Video Streams How to chop H.261 videoconference video into RTP packets that survive loss on the Internet. RFC 4666 M3UA Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 3 (MTP3) - User Adaptation Layer (M3UA) How telephone signalling (SS7 MTP3 users such as ISUP and SCCP) is carried over IP using SCTP. RFC 5219 MP3 RTP A More Loss-Tolerant RTP Payload Format for MP3 Audio Packing MP3 audio into RTP packets so that a lost packet ruins as little sound as possible. RFC 5577 RTP G.722.1 payload RTP Payload Format for ITU-T Recommendation G.722.1 How to pack G.722.1 wide-band audio frames into RTP packets and describe them in SDP. RFC 6295 RTP MIDI RTP Payload Format for MIDI How to carry MIDI music commands in RTP packets, with a built-in way to repair damage when packets are lost. RFC 6416 RTP MPEG-4 payload RTP Payload Format for MPEG-4 Audio/Visual Streams How to put MPEG-4 audio and video straight into RTP packets, without MPEG-4 Systems. RFC 6469 RTP DV video payload RTP Payload Format for DV (IEC 61834) Video How to carry DV camcorder video, and optionally its audio, in RTP packets using whole 80-byte DIF blocks. RFC 8048 SIP-XMPP Presence Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Presence How a gateway translates the 'is this person available' signal between SIP and XMPP chat systems. RFC 8848 CLUE signaling Session Signaling for Controlling Multiple Streams for Telepresence (CLUE) How a CLUE telepresence call is wired into SIP and SDP, so many camera and screen streams can be controlled together. RFC 8850 CLUE data channel Controlling Multiple Streams for Telepresence (CLUE) Protocol Data Channel How telepresence endpoints exchange control messages over WebRTC. RFC 2252 LDAPv3 Attribute Syntaxes Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (v3): Attribute Syntax Definitions How LDAPv3 describes the kinds of values a directory can hold and writes each one as plain octets. RFC 2141 URN Syntax URN Syntax The fixed shape every Uniform Resource Name must have: urn, a namespace, and a name. RFC 3406 URN namespaces Uniform Resource Names (URN) Namespace Definition Mechanisms How a community gets its own family of permanent names, and a registered Namespace ID, from IANA. RFC 1530 Principles of Operation for the TPC.INT Subdomain: General Principles and Policy The founding rules for tpc.int, a corner of the DNS that maps telephone numbers to Internet hosts willing to print or fax for you. RFC 1571 Telnet Environment Option Interoperability Issues Heuristics for guessing whether the other side swapped VAR and VALUE in the Telnet Environment option. RFC 2188 ESRO AT&T/Neda's Efficient Short Remote Operations (ESRO) Protocol Specification Version 1.2 Lightweight remote procedure calls optimized for wireless and connectionless networks. RFC 2291 WebDAV Requirements Requirements for a Distributed Authoring and Versioning Protocol for the World Wide Web The wish list that shaped WebDAV: remote editing on the Web without overwriting each other's work. RFC 2696 LDAP paged results LDAP Control Extension for Simple Paged Results Manipulation A way for an LDAP client to pull search results one page at a time using an opaque cookie. RFC 2968 TISDAG meshes Mesh of Multiple DAG servers - Results from TISDAG Building networks of interconnected directory gateways that share index objects. RFC 2969 TISDAG deployment Wide Area Directory Deployment - Experiences from TISDAG Lessons and insights from implementing a nationwide directory service with off-the-shelf software. RFC 2995 Pre-Spirits Implementations of PSTN-initiated Services Four early ways to notify Internet users of incoming phone calls RFC 3313 SIP media authorization Private Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extensions for Media Authorization Tying quality-of-service admission control to SIP call signaling RFC 3482 Number Portability in the Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN): An Overview How customers keep their phone numbers when changing carriers RFC 3660 Basic Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Packages A toolkit of features for controlling media gateways that connect telephone networks. RFC 3690 IP Telephony ETS IP Telephony Requirements for Emergency Telecommunication Service (ETS) A short wish list for what IP phone systems must support so emergency calls can be recognised and given better service. RFC 3735 Guidelines for Extending the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Guidelines for designing and documenting extensions to EPP RFC 3888 Message Tracking Model Message Tracking Model and Requirements Tracking email messages through the mail system RFC 3897 OPES Tracing and Bypass Open Pluggable Edge Services (OPES) Entities and End Points Communication How to trace and bypass services that transform data as it flows through the network. RFC 3997 IPP Notify Reqs Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): Requirements for IPP Notifications A wish list for how printers should tell people and programs about jobs and printer events. RFC 4117 SIP Transcoding via 3pcc Transcoding Services Invocation in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Using Third Party Call Control (3pcc) How to bring a transcoding server into a SIP call to convert between different media formats. RFC 4190 ETS framework Framework for Supporting Emergency Telecommunications Service (ETS) in IP Telephony Making emergency calls work over internet phone systems. RFC 4321 SIP non-INVITE problems Problems Identified Associated with the Session Initiation Protocol's (SIP) Non-INVITE Transaction Six specific issues with non-INVITE transactions in SIP that cause timeouts and message loss. RFC 4597 Conferencing scenarios Conferencing Scenarios A catalogue of group call stories, from simple dial-in meetings to sidebars, coaching and moderated chat, used to shape conferencing protocols. RFC 4696 RTP MIDI guide An Implementation Guide for RTP MIDI Worked advice for sending and receiving MIDI over RTP, using two musicians playing together across a network. RFC 5369 SIP Transcoding Framework for Transcoding with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP endpoint spots that a call needs a translator in the middle, and the two ways to bring one in. RFC 5402 Compressed Data within an Internet Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Message How to shrink business documents inside EDI messages and calculate integrity checks correctly RFC 6271 SIP peering reqs Requirements for SIP-Based Session Peering What protocols must do so that SIP service providers can exchange voice, video, presence and messaging with each other. RFC 6366 Internet audio codec reqs Requirements for an Internet Audio Codec The checklist an audio codec has to meet to work well for calls, conferences, games and music over the Internet. RFC 6392 A Survey of In-Network Storage Systems Surveying existing storage systems that can be deployed in the network to help applications manage content. RFC 6461 DRINKS use cases Data for Reachability of Inter-/Intra-NetworK SIP (DRINKS) Use Cases and Protocol Requirements Requirements for provisioning SIP routing data into a shared registry RFC 6567 SIP UUI Requirements Problem Statement and Requirements for Transporting User-to-User Call Control Information in SIP Why some SIP calls need to carry an opaque note from one endpoint to the other, and what a solution must do. RFC 6885 PRECIS Stringprep Revision and Problem Statement for the Preparation and Comparison of Internationalized Strings (PRECIS) Why the old Stringprep approach to comparing international text needed replacing, and what a successor had to handle. RFC 7204 Labeled NFS Requirements Requirements for Labeled NFS What NFS needs in order to carry security labels so mandatory access control works over the network. RFC 7205 Use Cases for Telepresence Multistreams Describing how telepresence systems send and handle multiple video and audio streams RFC 7362 Latching Latching: Hosted NAT Traversal (HNT) for Media in Real-Time Communication How session border controllers learn where a NATed phone really is by watching where its first media packets come from. RFC 7378 Trustworthy Location How to verify location claims and prevent spoofing in emergency services. RFC 7875 WebRTC Audio Codecs Additional WebRTC Audio Codecs for Interoperability Guidelines for additional audio codecs to avoid transcoding between WebRTC and legacy networks. RFC 7890 Concepts and Terminology for Peer-to-Peer SIP (P2PSIP) Shared concepts for phone calls in peer-to-peer networks RFC 2617 HTTP Basic/Digest Auth HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication How a web server asks for a password: HTTP's challenge framework, plain Basic, and the hash-based Digest scheme. RFC 217 Specifications changes for OLS, RJE/RJOR, and SMFS A 1971 UCSB note that retires one network service and adjusts two others to match protocol changes. RFC 283 NETRJT: Remote Job Service Protocol for TIPS Remote job service protocol for low-powered network terminals RFC 656 Telnet output vertical tabstops option Negotiating vertical tab stops on a Telnet connection. RFC 683 FTPSRV - Tenex extension for paged files How TENEX sites got FTP to send whole paged files, holes and all, with checksums and sequence numbers. RFC 749 Telnet SUPDUP-Output option A Telnet option that lets a server on an ordinary Telnet connection use SUPDUP screen control on the user's display. RFC 779 Telnet send-location option A Telnet option that lets a user's Telnet program tell the server where the user is physically located. RFC 927 TACACS Telnet option TACACS user identification Telnet option A Telnet option that lets a terminal access controller pass along a user's proven identity so the target host can skip a second login. RFC 1043 Telnet DET Telnet Data Entry Terminal option: DODIIS implementation How Telnet carries full-screen forms between terminals and host applications on DODIIS networks. RFC 1079 Telnet terminal speed Telnet terminal speed option How Telnet hosts exchange the bit rate of the terminal on the other end. RFC 1913 Whois++ Index Service Architecture of the Whois++ Index Service Architecture for indexing a distributed network of directory servers. RFC 2371 TIP Transaction Internet Protocol Version 3.0 A small two-phase commit protocol that lets transaction managers on different Internet nodes agree to complete or abandon shared work. RFC 2561 TN3270E MIB Base Definitions of Managed Objects for TN3270E Using SMIv2 A standard SNMP control panel for the servers that connect 3270 mainframe terminal emulators to SNA hosts. RFC 2562 TN3270E-RT-MIB Definitions of Protocol and Managed Objects for TN3270E Response Time Collection Using SMIv2 (TN3270E-RT-MIB) How a TN3270E server times mainframe terminal transactions and exposes the results through SNMP. RFC 2987 Charset/Language Tags Registration of Charset and Languages Media Features Tags Registers two media feature tags so devices can say which character sets and human languages they handle. RFC 3296 LDAP Referrals Named Subordinate References in Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Directories How an LDAP server stores pointers to subtrees that live on other servers, and turns them into referrals. RFC 3340 APEX core The Application Exchange Core An extensible messaging service for applications to exchange data through a relaying mesh. RFC 3367 CNRP Common Name Resolution Protocol (CNRP) A protocol for turning a plain word or phrase, like a company name or book title, into the resources it refers to. RFC 3497 RTP payload SMPTE 292M RTP Payload Format for Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) 292M Video How to carry studio-grade uncompressed HDTV video over RTP packets on an IP network. RFC 3524 SDP SRF Mapping of Media Streams to Resource Reservation Flows A way to say in an SDP session description that several media streams should share one resource reservation flow. RFC 3568 CN Request-Routing Known Content Network (CN) Request-Routing Mechanisms A survey of the ways content networks steered clients to the right server before December 2000. RFC 3659 Extensions to FTP New FTP commands for machine-readable directory listings, file sizes and times, and restarting interrupted transfers. RFC 3671 LDAP Collective Attributes Collective Attributes in the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) How a directory can store a value once and show it on every entry in a group. RFC 3807 V5UA V5.2-User Adaptation Layer (V5UA) How a gateway carries old V5.2 telephone-exchange signaling over IP, by extending the ISDN adaptation layer. RFC 3842 SIP Message Waiting A Message Summary and Message Waiting Indication Event Package for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a voicemail system tells a SIP phone that messages are waiting, and how many, using SUBSCRIBE and NOTIFY. RFC 3868 SUA Signalling Connection Control Part User Adaptation Layer (SUA) How to carry telephone-network SCCP user signalling over IP, using SCTP as the transport. RFC 3890 SDP TIAS Bandwidth A Transport Independent Bandwidth Modifier for the Session Description Protocol (SDP) A way to state a media stream's bit rate in SDP without baking in IP and transport header overhead. RFC 3909 LDAP Cancel Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Cancel Operation An LDAP extended operation that cancels a running request and tells the client how the cancel turned out. RFC 3922 XMPP to CPIM Mapping Mapping the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) to Common Presence and Instant Messaging (CPIM) A translation table that lets an XMPP chat service exchange messages and presence with other instant messaging systems. RFC 3928 LCUP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Client Update Protocol (LCUP) How an LDAP client pulls a directory's changes, with a cookie that remembers where it left off. RFC 3994 Indication of Message Composition for Instant Messaging How a chat client tells the other side that you are typing, recording audio or otherwise busy writing a reply. RFC 4129 DPNSS/DASS 2 over IUA Digital Private Network Signaling System (DPNSS)/Digital Access Signaling System 2 (DASS 2) Extensions to the IUA Protocol How to carry DPNSS and DASS 2 office-phone signaling between a gateway and a controller over IP, by extending IUA. RFC 4184 RTP Payload Format for AC-3 Audio How to carry Dolby Digital style AC-3 multichannel audio inside RTP packets, including splitting large frames. RFC 4370 LDAP Proxied Auth Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Proxied Authorization Control An LDAP control that lets a client run one operation under a different authorization identity. RFC 4396 3GPP Timed Text RTP RTP Payload Format for 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Timed Text How to stream 3GPP timed text, such as captions and karaoke lyrics, in RTP packets alongside audio and video. RFC 4421 RTP Uncompressed Video RTP Payload Format for Uncompressed Video: Additional Colour Sampling Modes Six extra colour sampling modes for raw video over RTP, such as 5-6-5 bit RGB. RFC 4481 Timed presence Timed Presence Extensions to the Presence Information Data Format (PIDF) to Indicate Status Information for Past and Future Time Intervals A PIDF extension that lets a presentity announce its status for a time span that is entirely in the past or the future. RFC 4482 CIPID CIPID: Contact Information for the Presence Information Data Format Six optional PIDF elements that point a watcher to a presentity's business card, name, homepage, icon, map and sound. RFC 4522 LDAP binary option Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): The Binary Encoding Option A tag you add to an LDAP attribute name to say its values travel in raw BER form instead of the usual text form. RFC 4530 LDAP entryUUID Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) entryUUID Operational Attribute A permanent, server-assigned serial number for every LDAP directory entry, so clients can find an entry even after it is renamed. RFC 4730 KPML A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Package for Key Press Stimulus (KPML) How an application server subscribes over SIP to be told about specific phone key presses, using small XML filters. RFC 4780 SIP MIB Management Information Base for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) SNMP objects for monitoring and configuring SIP user agents, proxies, redirect servers and registrars. RFC 4904 Representing Trunk Groups in tel/sip Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) A standard way to name the group of phone circuits a call used, right inside tel and sip URIs. RFC 4964 P-Answer-State The P-Answer-State Header Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol for the Open Mobile Alliance Push to Talk over Cellular A private SIP header that lets push-to-talk servers say a handset will probably answer by itself, so the caller can start talking sooner. RFC 4967 SIP Dial String Dial String Parameter for the Session Initiation Protocol Uniform Resource Identifier A new user=dialstring value that lets a SIP URI say its user part is keypad input, not a phone number. RFC 5025 Presence Auth Rules Presence Authorization Rules An XML format that lets a user say which watchers may see which presence details, and when. RFC 5133 IUA TEI Query Change Terminal Endpoint Identifier (TEI) Query Request Number Change A one-number fix: the ISDN IUA TEI Query Request message moves from type 5 to type 8 to stop clashing with DUA. RFC 5244 Definition of Events for Channel-Oriented Telephony Signalling Event codes that let old-style phone trunk signalling ride inside RTP between gateways. RFC 5361 Consent Permission Doc A Document Format for Requesting Consent An XML format a SIP relay uses to ask a recipient whether it may forward requests to them. RFC 5362 The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Pending Additions Event Package How a SIP relay tells you which people you are adding to a list have actually agreed to hear from it. RFC 5372 RTP JPEG 2000 Ext Payload Format for JPEG 2000 Video: Extensions for Scalability and Main Header Recovery Two optional add-ons for sending JPEG 2000 video over RTP: priority values and main header recovery. RFC 5438 IMDN Instant Message Disposition Notification (IMDN) Read receipts for page-mode instant messages: how a sender asks for, and a recipient returns, delivery, processing and display notifications. RFC 5459 RTP G.729.1 DTX G.729.1 RTP Payload Format Update: Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) Support How G.729.1 voice over RTP can stay quiet during pauses in speech, without breaking older receivers. RFC 5484 RTP time-codes Associating Time-Codes with RTP Streams How to tag any RTP media stream with SMPTE film and TV time-codes, whatever codec it uses. RFC 5547 SDP file transfer A Session Description Protocol (SDP) Offer/Answer Mechanism to Enable File Transfer How two endpoints use the SDP offer/answer model to agree on a file transfer, with MSRP carrying the bytes. RFC 5691 RTP Payload Format for Elementary Streams with MPEG Surround Multi-Channel Audio How to send surround-sound audio over RTP so that old stereo players still work and new ones get all the channels. RFC 5768 Indicating Support for Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Two small SIP labels that say whether a phone can do ICE, and let a caller insist on it. RFC 5806 SIP Diversion Diversion Indication in SIP A header to track where a call was forwarded from and why. RFC 5854 Metalink The Metalink Download Description Format An XML file that lists mirrors, hashes and signatures for a download so clients can fetch it reliably. RFC 5964 LoST holes Specifying Holes in Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Service Boundaries Rules for cutting holes in the map areas that decide which emergency or other service a location maps to. RFC 6035 Session Initiation Protocol Event Package for Voice Quality Reporting How a phone reports the quality of a VoIP call to a central collector using SIP messages. RFC 6128 SSM RTCP Port RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Port for Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) Sessions A new SDP attribute, multicast-rtcp, lets a source-specific multicast session pick its own RTCP port. RFC 6135 MSRP Connection Model An Alternative Connection Model for the Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP) Let endpoints behind firewalls negotiate who initiates the connection. RFC 6140 SIP Bulk Registration Registration for Multiple Phone Numbers in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP-PBX tells its phone provider about a whole block of phone numbers with one REGISTER request. RFC 6141 SIP Re-INVITE Re-INVITE and Target-Refresh Request Handling in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Clarifies how to modify a call already in progress and refresh contact addresses. RFC 6196 mailserver: URI Moving mailserver: URI Scheme to Historic Retires the vague mailserver: URI scheme by registering it as Historic. RFC 6223 SIP keep-alive Indication of Support for Keep-Alive A Via header parameter that lets neighboring SIP devices agree to send NAT keep-alive messages. RFC 6284 RTP port mapping Port Mapping between Unicast and Multicast RTP Sessions How a receiver mixing multicast and unicast RTP picks its own ports without letting an attacker aim traffic at someone else. RFC 6432 Q.850 in SIP Reason Carrying Q.850 Codes in Reason Header Fields in SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) Responses Carry telephone network failure codes in SIP responses. RFC 6447 SIP location filters Filtering Location Notifications in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Lets a SIP subscriber say when it wants location updates, so it is told about meaningful moves instead of every small change. RFC 6473 vCard application kind vCard KIND:application Adds an 'application' value to the vCard KIND property so a vCard can describe software. RFC 6714 MSRP CEMA Connection Establishment for Media Anchoring (CEMA) for the Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP) How chat-style MSRP connections can pass through media-anchoring middleboxes without the middlebox opening the messages. RFC 6715 vCard OMA CAB vCard Format Extensions: Representing vCard Extensions Defined by the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) Converged Address Book (CAB) Group Four new vCard properties and two parameters, borrowed from the OMA Converged Address Book, for hobbies, interests, expertise and directories. RFC 6910 SIP Call Completion Completion of Calls for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP caller who hit a busy or unanswered callee gets recalled automatically when the callee becomes available. RFC 6915 HELD Flow Identity Flow Identity Extension for HTTP-Enabled Location Delivery (HELD) Extra flow details that let a location server find a device hidden behind carrier-grade NAT. RFC 6917 MRB Media Resource Brokering A broker that matches applications to the media server best able to serve them, using published capacity and per-request needs. RFC 6990 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS) Program Specific Information (PSI) Independent Decodability Statistics Metrics Reporting An RTCP report block that counts MPEG-2 Transport Stream errors so IPTV operators can spot decoding problems. RFC 7004 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Blocks for Summary Statistics Metrics Reporting Three RTCP report blocks that boil packet loss, discard and video frame damage down to a few summary numbers. RFC 7065 TURN URIs Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) Uniform Resource Identifiers Two URI schemes, turn: and turns:, for naming a TURN relay server in a consistent way. RFC 7090 Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) Callback A SIP marker that lets an emergency call taker's callback get through call barring and forwarding. RFC 7097 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) for RLE of Discarded Packets An RTCP report block that tells a media sender exactly which received packets the receiver threw away. RFC 7105 HELD measurements Using Device-Provided Location-Related Measurements in Location Configuration Protocols How a device can hand its own network and radio observations to a location server so the server can place it more accurately. RFC 7163 URN for Country-Specific Emergency Services The 'sos' emergency service URN can now include services that exist in only one country. RFC 7197 SDP Duplication Delay Duplication Delay Attribute in the Session Description Protocol An SDP attribute that says how long to wait before sending each duplicate copy of a media packet. RFC 7198 Duplicating RTP Streams Duplicating RTP Streams How to send two copies of an RTP stream, in time or across paths, without breaking RTP or RTCP rules. RFC 7200 SIP Load-Control A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Load-Control Event Package A way for SIP servers to push call-throttling rules to their neighbors before an overload hits. RFC 7294 RTCP XR Concealment RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Blocks for Concealment Metrics Reporting on Audio Applications Two RTCP report blocks that tell a sender how much of an audio call the receiver had to patch over. RFC 7332 Loop Detection Mechanisms for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Back-to-Back User Agents (B2BUAs) SIP back-to-back user agents must copy and decrement Max-Forwards so request loops cannot run forever. RFC 7374 Service Discovery Usage for REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) How peers in a RELOAD overlay find who offers a service, using a tree of lookups called ReDiR. RFC 7415 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Rate Control How an overloaded SIP server tells its clients the maximum number of requests per second they may send. RFC 7433 SIP UUI A Mechanism for Transporting User-to-User Call Control Information in SIP A new SIP header field, User-to-User, that carries a small opaque blob of application data alongside call setup. RFC 7434 ISDN UUI and SIP Interworking ISDN Call Control User Information with SIP How to carry ISDN user-to-user signalling data across SIP using the isdn-uui package and the User-to-User header. RFC 7462 Alert-Info URNs URNs for the Alert-Info Header Field of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Standard names for ring tones and other alert signals in SIP, so the receiving phone chooses how to render them. RFC 7572 SIP-XMPP IM Interworking Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Instant Messaging How a gateway turns a single SIP instant message into an XMPP message, and back again. RFC 7614 REFER Explicit Subs Explicit Subscriptions for the REFER Method Lets a SIP REFER skip its built-in subscription, and optionally swap in a normal SUBSCRIBE of the caller's choosing. RFC 7701 MSRP Multi-party Chat Multi-party Chat Using the Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP) How to run a group chat room over MSRP, with private messages and nicknames, using SIP and SDP to set it up. RFC 7702 SIP-XMPP Groupchat Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Groupchat How a SIP/MSRP group chat and an XMPP chat room can be bridged so users of either side can talk in the same room. RFC 7712 XMPP DNA Domain Name Associations (DNA) in the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) How XMPP proves a server really owns its domain name, and how to delegate that name safely to a host. RFC 7825 RTSP NAT Traversal A Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal Mechanism for Media Controlled by the Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) How a streaming server and a client behind a NAT use ICE, carried over RTSP, to find a media path that works. RFC 7846 PPSTP Peer-to-Peer Streaming Tracker Protocol (PPSTP) How peers in a peer-to-peer video stream find each other by asking a tracker over HTTP and JSON. RFC 7877 SPPF Session Peering Provisioning Framework (SPPF) A data model for telling a shared registry how phone and SIP networks should route sessions to each other. RFC 7878 SPP over SOAP Session Peering Provisioning (SPP) Protocol over SOAP How SPPF provisioning messages are wrapped in SOAP and sent over HTTPS to a peering registry. RFC 7904 A SIP Usage for REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) How phone-style SIP calls can find each other through a peer-to-peer overlay instead of a central registrar. RFC 7984 SIP Server Location Locating Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Servers in a Dual-Stack IP Network How a SIP client that speaks both IPv4 and IPv6 should look up and order the addresses of a server. RFC 8054 NNTP Compression Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) Extension for Compression A single NNTP command that compresses everything the client and server say to each other afterwards. RFC 8055 SIP received-realm Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Via Header Field Parameter to Indicate Received Realm A signed tag in the SIP Via header that tells a transit network which neighbouring network a call request came from. RFC 8082 Using Codec Control Messages in the RTP Audio-Visual Profile with Feedback with Layered Codecs A one-paragraph fix that says what a sender must do when a video receiver asks for a fresh full picture on any layer. RFC 8124 SDP WebSocket URI The Session Description Protocol (SDP) WebSocket Connection URI Attribute A new SDP attribute that tells a WebSocket client which URI to connect to. RFC 8130 MELPe RTP Payload RTP Payload Format for the Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction Enhanced (MELPe) Codec How to carry the NATO-standard MELPe low-bitrate speech codec inside RTP packets, at 2400, 1200 or 600 bps. RFC 8143 NNTP over TLS Using Transport Layer Security (TLS) with Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) Updates the rules for securing Usenet-style NNTP connections: prefer TLS from the first byte, drop RC4, and follow current TLS best practice. RFC 8147 eCall Next-Generation Pan-European eCall How a crashed car can use ordinary IP emergency calling to send its location and vehicle data to the emergency call taker. RFC 8148 Vehicle Emergency Calls Next-Generation Vehicle-Initiated Emergency Calls How a crashed car can place an IP-based emergency call that carries structured vehicle and location data to the dispatcher. RFC 8197 SIP 607 A SIP Response Code for Unwanted Calls A new SIP response code that lets a called party say a call or message was unwanted. RFC 8251 Opus Updates Updates to the Opus Audio Codec A patch set for the Opus reference decoder: security fixes, small quality fixes and new test vectors. RFC 8255 multipart/multilingual Multiple Language Content Type A MIME type that packs several language versions of one email into a single message. RFC 8315 Netnews Cancel-Locks Cancel-Locks in Netnews Articles A hash-based padlock that lets only the original poster, or an authorized agent, cancel or replace a Netnews article. RFC 8443 PASSporT RPH Personal Assertion Token (PASSporT) Extension for Resource Priority Authorization A signed PASSporT claim that proves a caller is allowed to use SIP Resource-Priority values. RFC 8486 Ambisonics in Ogg Opus Ambisonics in an Ogg Opus Container Two new channel mapping families that let Ogg Opus files carry surround-sound Ambisonics. RFC 8599 SIP Push Notification Push Notification with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How a SIP proxy uses a phone's push notification service to wake a sleeping app for calls and registration refreshes. RFC 8606 ISUP Cause Location ISDN User Part (ISUP) Cause Location Parameter for the SIP Reason Header Field A small SIP extension that says where in the phone network a call was released. RFC 8787 SIP loc-src parameter Location Source Parameter for the SIP Geolocation Header Field A small parameter that tells a SIP recipient which node added a location to a call. RFC 8830 WebRTC MSID in SDP WebRTC MediaStream Identification in the Session Description Protocol The msid SDP attribute that tells a WebRTC peer which MediaStream and track each media description belongs to. RFC 8833 WebRTC ALPN Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation (ALPN) for WebRTC Two name tags, webrtc and c-webrtc, that tell a DTLS handshake it is carrying a WebRTC call, and whether the media must stay private. RFC 9073 iCalendar Publishing Event Publishing Extensions to iCalendar New iCalendar components and properties that let event publishers attach participants, locations, resources and rich data to an event. RFC 9074 iCalendar VALARM "VALARM" Extensions for iCalendar Standard ways to identify, acknowledge, snooze and location-trigger iCalendar alarms across clients and servers. RFC 9309 Robots Exclusion Robots Exclusion Protocol The rules a website uses in robots.txt to tell automated crawlers which parts of the site they may visit. RFC 9627 RTCP LRR The Layer Refresh Request (LRR) RTCP Feedback Message A way for a video receiver to ask for a fresh start on just the layers it needs, not the whole stream. RFC 9795 PASSporT rich call data Personal Assertion Token (PASSporT) Extension for Rich Call Data Signed caller name, icon, jCard and call reason for phone calls, built on PASSporT. RFC 9796 SIP Call-Info for RCD SIP Call-Info Parameters for Rich Call Data How a SIP call can carry the caller's name, logo, photo and reason for calling in the Call-Info header. RFC 9806 SIPREC media type Updates to SIP-Based Media Recording (SIPREC) to Correct Metadata Media Type Fixes a media type name conflict between two SIPREC RFCs and registers the type with IANA. RFC 9888 Out-of-band STIR Out-of-Band Secure Telephone Identity Revisited (STIR) for Service Providers How phone providers can leave caller-identity proofs at a drop-off service when SIP cannot carry them end to end. RFC 9970 STIR connected identity Connected Identity for Secure Telephone Identity Revisited (STIR) How the person you call can prove, in a signed token, that they are really the party you meant to reach. RFC 10006 Automatic SIP trunking Automatic SIP Trunking and Peering How an enterprise phone network asks its SIP provider for a machine-readable list of everything it needs to connect. RFC 10050 JSContact profiles Protocol-Specific Profiles for JSContact A registry of named, versioned subsets of JSContact so protocols can use just the parts they need. RFC 542 FTP File Transfer Protocol The 1973 revision of the ARPANET file transfer protocol, with a control channel, data connections and transfer modes. RFC 2256 A Summary of the X.500(96) User Schema for use with LDAPv3 A catalog of the standard X.500 attribute types and object classes, written out for LDAPv3 directories. RFC 3920 XMPP Core Original Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Core The core of XMPP: a stream of XML elements between a client and a server, with addressing, TLS, SASL and three kinds of stanza. RFC 3377 LDAPv3 specification Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (v3): Technical Specification The short document that names which RFCs together make up LDAP version 3 and settles an IESG warning about authentication. RFC 887 RLP Resource Location Protocol A broadcast-based way for computers to find network services. RFC 3951 iLBC Internet Low Bit Rate Codec (iLBC) A narrowband speech codec built so that lost IP packets make voice fuzzy instead of breaking it. RFC 3952 iLBC RTP Payload Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) Payload Format for internet Low Bit Rate Codec (iLBC) Speech How to carry compressed voice inside RTP packets. RFC 2255 LDAP URL The LDAP URL Format A link format that names an LDAP directory entry, or a whole search, the way a web address names a page. RFC 265 The File Transfer Protocol A 1971 revision of the ARPANET file transfer protocol, with new requests, new error codes and a fixed opcode list. RFC 2543 SIP SIP: Session Initiation Protocol The original standards-track SIP: a text-based way to find a person, agree on media and ring their phone. RFC 1861 SNPP Simple Network Paging Protocol - Version 3 -Two-Way Enhanced A line-based, SMTP-like protocol for pushing a page to a paging terminal and, in version 3, getting replies back. RFC 2116 X.500 Catalog-96 X.500 Implementations Catalog-96 A 1997 buyer's guide to 31 X.500 directory servers, clients and gateways, as described by their own makers. RFC 2636 OTASP/OTAPA via ACAP Wireless Device Configuration (OTASP/OTAPA) via ACAP How a carrier could provision and update CDMA phones over the air using ACAP, a small Internet configuration protocol. RFC 4531 LDAP Turn operation Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Turn Operation An LDAP extension that lets a connection flip so the original client becomes the server, or lets both sides act as both. RFC 4777 iSeries Telnet IBM's iSeries Telnet Enhancements How a Telnet client asks an IBM iSeries server for a particular terminal or printer session, and signs on automatically. RFC 5503 PacketCable DCS SIP Private Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Proxy-to-Proxy Extensions for Supporting the PacketCable Distributed Call Signaling Architecture Five private SIP headers that let trusted proxies in a phone provider's network share billing, trace, operator and surveillance data. RFC 6739 LoST boundary sync Synchronizing Service Boundaries and <mapping> Elements Based on the Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Protocol How emergency-call location servers copy service-area maps to each other. RFC 7544 SIP Diversion Mapping Mapping and Interworking of Diversion Information between Diversion and History-Info Header Fields in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A translation guide between the old Diversion header and the standard History-Info header for forwarded SIP calls. RFC 7612 LDAP Printer Schema Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Schema for Printer Services A directory schema that lets LDAP describe printers: their names, locations, capabilities and how to reach them. RFC 9239 Updates to ECMAScript Media Types Registers text/javascript as the media type for JavaScript and ECMAScript and retires the older names. RFC 1766 Language tags Tags for the Identification of Languages The original scheme for labelling content with a language, such as en or en-US, plus the Content-Language header. RFC 2254 The String Representation of LDAP Search Filters A compact, human-readable text notation for LDAP search filters, such as (&(objectClass=Person)(sn=Jensen)). RFC 2326 RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) A network remote control for streaming servers: set up, play, pause and tear down audio and video streams. RFC 4582 BFCP The Binary Floor Control Protocol (BFCP) A compact binary protocol for deciding who gets to use a shared resource, such as the right to talk, in a conference. RFC 1274 COSINE X.500 Schema The COSINE and Internet X.500 Schema A shared X.500 directory schema for the COSINE and Internet pilots, plus a process for growing it. RFC 189 NETRJS Interim NETRJS specifications How a remote ARPANET site could submit batch jobs to UCLA's IBM 360/91 and collect the printed output. RFC 4646 Language tags Tags for Identifying Languages How to build and register the short hyphenated tags, like en-US or zh-Hant, that label which language content uses. RFC 954 WHOIS NICNAME/WHOIS The original WHOIS: connect to TCP port 43, send one line, get a human-readable answer. RFC 7484 RDAP bootstrap Finding the Authoritative Registration Data (RDAP) Service How an RDAP client works out which registry server to ask, using JSON bootstrap files published by IANA. RFC 119 Network Fortran Subprograms Assembly-language routines that let Fortran programs on UCSB's 360/75 open, use and close ARPANET sockets. RFC 135 Response to NWG/RFC 110 Revised keying conventions so an IBM 2741 terminal can reach network hosts without the keys it lacks. RFC 206 A User TELNET Description of an Initial Implementation Using remote time-sharing systems from a local terminal via the network RFC 216 Telnet Access to UCSB's On-Line System Guide to accessing UCSB's mathematical computing system through Telnet RFC 238 Comments on DTP and FTP proposals Feedback on early draft file transfer and data transfer protocols. RFC 254 Scenarios for using ARPANET computers A booklet of annotated sample sessions for logging in to and trying out ARPANET host computers. RFC 269 Some Experience with File Transfer What UCLA learned writing a program to store files at UCSB, and what they want in the network-wide file transfer protocol. RFC 281 Suggested addition to File Transfer Protocol A proposal to add restart capability to the File Transfer Protocol RFC 294 The Use of "Set Data Type" Transaction in File Transfer Protocol Clarifying data type conversion in file transfer protocol RFC 307 Using network Remote Job Entry How Rand computers accessed UCLA's remote job service over the early network RFC 310 Another Look at Data and File Transfer Protocols Proposed simplifications to the Data Transfer Protocol and File Transfer Protocol, based on early implementation experience. RFC 562 Telnet Modifications to the TELNET Specification A last round of fixes to the new Telnet specification, followed by a freeze on further changes. RFC 614 FTP Response to RFC 607: "Comments on the File Transfer Protocol" Point-by-point answers to RFC 607's suggested changes to the early File Transfer Protocol. RFC 718 Comments on RCTE from the Tenex Implementation Experience Implementation lessons from building the RCTE Telnet option on TENEX, and three problems the protocol left open. RFC 775 Directory oriented FTP commands Directory commands for FTP on systems with hierarchical filesystems RFC 1914 Whois++ Mesh How to Interact with a Whois++ Mesh How clients navigate a distributed mesh of directory servers. RFC 2169 A Trivial Convention for using HTTP in URN Resolution Using HTTP GET requests to locate resources identified by persistent names. RFC 2190 H.263 over RTP RTP Payload Format for H.263 Video Streams How to slice an H.263 video stream into RTP packets so a receiver can keep decoding after a packet is lost. RFC 3341 APEX access service The Application Exchange (APEX) Access Service Controls who can use APEX relays and send messages to specific endpoints. RFC 1890 RTP A/V Profile RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control The default rules and payload type numbers for sending audio and video over RTP in simple conferences. RFC 2705 MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Version 1.0 A master/slave protocol where an external call agent tells VoIP gateways which connections to create, change and delete. RFC 8843 BUNDLE Negotiating Media Multiplexing Using the Session Description Protocol (SDP) How SDP endpoints agree to send audio, video and more over one shared transport instead of one per stream. RFC 3530 NFSv4 Network File System (NFS) version 4 Protocol The fourth version of the Network File System: stateful, secure by design, and built to work across the Internet. RFC 3015 Megaco 1.0 Megaco Protocol Version 1.0 How a telephony gateway's decision-making brain talks to its media-moving hands, as defined for Megaco and ITU-T H.248. RFC 3057 IUA ISDN Q.921-User Adaptation Layer How an ISDN signaling gateway hands Q.921 user messages to a controller across an IP network using SCTP. RFC 1778 LDAP attribute syntaxes The String Representation of Standard Attribute Syntaxes How LDAP writes down X.500 directory attribute values as plain strings, from names and numbers to certificates. RFC 98 Logger Protocol Logger Protocol Proposal An early proposal for how a user on one ARPANET host could log in to another host over the network. RFC 1312 MSP2 Message Send Protocol 2 A tiny protocol for pushing a short text message onto a specific user's terminal, over UDP or TCP port 18. RFC 1562 Naming Guidelines for the AARNet X.500 Directory Service How the Australian research network names organisations, people and servers in its X.500 directory. RFC 1614 Network Access to Multimedia Information Research and academic users' requirements for accessing multimedia over the network. RFC 1625 WAIS over Z39.50-1988 The WAIS protocol implementation built on Z39.50-1988 information retrieval standard. RFC 1635 Anonymous FTP How to Use Anonymous FTP A beginner's guide to finding and downloading files from public Internet archives. RFC 1646 TN3270 TN3270 Extensions for LUname and Printer Selection Extensions to select specific IBM 3270 terminals and manage printing. RFC 1823 LDAP C API The LDAP Application Program Interface A C library interface that lets programs open, search and change a directory over LDAP. RFC 1898 CyberCash Protocol CyberCash Credit Card Protocol Version 0.8 A system for secure credit card payments over the Internet. RFC 1943 X.500 in the US Building an X.500 Directory Service in the US Practical, legal and organizational advice for setting up an X.500 white pages directory in the US. RFC 2148 Internet White Pages Deployment of the Internet White Pages Service A 1997 best-practice guide to publishing people's public contact details in an online directory, mainly with X.500 and LDAP. RFC 2220 MARC Content-Type The Application/MARC Content-type MIME type registration for library catalog records in machine-readable format RFC 2224 NFS URL NFS URL Scheme A web-style address for files on shared network storage. RFC 2258 Nomenclator Internet Nomenclator Project A system for unified searches across many separate CCSO directory servers. RFC 2259 SNQP Simple Nomenclator Query Protocol (SNQP) A protocol for querying descriptive name services and other relational databases. RFC 2372 TIP Requirements Transaction Internet Protocol - Requirements and Supplemental Information Why the Internet needed a two-phase commit protocol and what it must do. RFC 2378 CCSO Ph The CCSO Nameserver (Ph) Architecture A directory service protocol for querying and managing a database of people and information. RFC 2624 NFSv4 Design NFS Version 4 Design Considerations Planning the redesign of the Network File System for Internet use with strong security and better performance. RFC 2713 Schema for Representing Java(tm) Objects in an LDAP Directory A schema for storing Java program objects in an LDAP directory. RFC 2714 Schema for Representing CORBA Object References in an LDAP Directory A schema for storing CORBA object references in an LDAP directory. RFC 2824 CPL framework Call Processing Language Framework and Requirements A simple language for customizing how a phone network handles incoming calls. RFC 2839 Internet Kermit Internet Kermit Service A file transfer service combining Telnet option negotiation with Kermit protocol. RFC 2840 Telnet Kermit option TELNET KERMIT OPTION Letting two Telnet endpoints automatically negotiate and manage Kermit file transfers. RFC 2880 Fax T.30 mapping Internet Fax T.30 Feature Mapping How the capability bits of a Group 3 fax machine translate into the feature expressions used by Internet fax. RFC 2897 MGCP audio package Proposal for an MGCP Advanced Audio Package A proposal to add audio playback and recording capabilities to the Media Gateway Control Protocol. RFC 2957 whoispp-query type The application/whoispp-query Content-Type Registers a MIME type that carries Whois++ queries, so email and other MIME systems can ask Whois++ questions. RFC 2958 whoispp-response type The application/whoispp-response Content-type Registers a MIME type that carries Whois++ server answers, the other half of a Whois++ transaction in mail. RFC 3050 Common Gateway Interface for SIP A scripting interface for building telephony services on SIP servers. RFC 3087 Control of Service Context using SIP Request-URI Use distinctive URIs to tell SIP services what to do and who they are. RFC 3298 SPIRITS requirements Service in the Public Switched Telephone Network/Intelligent Network (PSTN/IN) Requesting InTernet Service (SPIRITS) Protocol Requirements Connecting telephone networks to Internet services with SIP. RFC 3384 LDAP replication reqs Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (version 3) Replication Requirements How multiple directory servers synchronize and stay consistent with each other. RFC 3505 ECML v2 requirements Electronic Commerce Modeling Language (ECML): Version 2 Requirements Planning document for an XML language to describe electronic payment transactions. RFC 3506 Voucher Trading System Requirements and Design for Voucher Trading System (VTS) Requirements and design for a system to securely issue, trade, and redeem digital vouchers like gift certificates and loyalty points. RFC 3661 MGCP Return Codes Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Return Code Usage How MGCP gateways should pick return codes, and how Call Agents should react to them, grouped into behavior categories. RFC 3806 Printer Finishing MIB Printer Finishing MIB An SNMP MIB for managing the stapling, folding, punching and binding units attached to a printer. RFC 3829 LDAP AuthzID Controls Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Authorization Identity Request and Response Controls Two LDAP bind controls that let a client ask the server which identity it was actually granted. RFC 4079 GEOPRIV Presence A Presence Architecture for the Distribution of GEOPRIV Location Objects Using presence systems to share location information safely RFC 4083 3GPP R5 SIP Reqs Input 3rd-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 5 Requirements on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) The wish list that the 3GPP cellular standards group handed to the IETF when it chose SIP for its multimedia network. RFC 4154 VTS-API Voucher Trading System Application Programming Interface (VTS-API) A uniform interface for digital wallets to issue, transfer and redeem vouchers. RFC 4160 Internet Fax Gateway Requirements How to bridge the gap between telephone fax and email-based Internet fax. RFC 4170 TCRTP Tunneling Multiplexed Compressed RTP (TCRTP) How to squeeze many parallel RTP voice streams into one compressed, multiplexed tunnel to save bandwidth. RFC 4313 Requirements for Distributed Control of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Speaker Identification/Speaker Verification (SI/SV), and Text-to-Speech (TTS) Resources Requirements for controlling distributed speech processing services over the network. RFC 4317 SDP offer/answer Session Description Protocol (SDP) Offer/Answer Examples Worked examples of two parties using SDP offers and answers to agree on codecs, hold calls and add or drop streams. RFC 4354 PoC settings package A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Package and Data Format for Various Settings in Support for the Push-to-Talk over Cellular (PoC) Service A SIP event package that lets push-to-talk phones publish their answer and barring settings so the network can react faster. RFC 4435 Internet Media Guides A Framework for the Usage of Internet Media Guides (IMGs) A framework for delivering multimedia session descriptions to large audiences. RFC 4453 SIP consent reqs Requirements for Consent-Based Communications in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Why SIP needs a way for people to say who may send them requests, and what such a system must do. RFC 4457 SIP P-User-Database The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) P-User-Database Private-Header (P-Header) A SIP header that tells the next 3GPP IMS server which user database to ask, saving a repeat lookup. RFC 4463 MRCP v1 A Media Resource Control Protocol (MRCP) Developed by Cisco, Nuance, and Speechworks Remote control for media resources like speech synthesizers and recognizers. RFC 4485 SIP extension guide Guidelines for Authors of Extensions to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Best practices for extending the Session Initiation Protocol with new features. RFC 4504 SIP phone requirements SIP Telephony Device Requirements and Configuration A checklist of features SIP devices must support for universal compatibility. RFC 4628 H.263 RFC 2190 historic RTP Payload Format for H.263 Moving RFC 2190 to Historic Status Recommends retiring the original RTP payload format for H.263 video in favor of the newer one. RFC 5039 SIP and Spam The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Spam Spam in voice and presence communications over SIP RFC 5344 Presence and Instant Messaging Peering Use Cases Service provider cooperation in real-time collaboration. RFC 5347 MGCP Fax Package Media Gateway Control Protocol Fax Package Controlling fax calls through MGCP gateways with T.38 relay or gateway autonomy. RFC 5407 Example Call Flows of Race Conditions in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Worked SIP call flows that show what each phone should do when two messages cross in flight. RFC 5483 ENUM experiences ENUM Implementation Issues and Experiences Lessons from real ENUM software and zones, and the pitfalls to avoid when mapping phone numbers through DNS. RFC 5606 SIP retrans-allowed Implications of 'retransmission-allowed' for SIP Location Conveyance How to read the PIDF-LO retransmission-allowed flag when location rides inside SIP requests, and what to do about it. RFC 5707 MSML Media Server Markup Language (MSML) An XML language that lets an application server tell a media server how to mix calls, play prompts and record audio. RFC 5767 User-Agent-Driven Privacy Mechanism for SIP How a SIP phone can hide its user's identity without needing a privacy service. RFC 5876 SIP Asserted Identity Updates to Asserted Identity in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Lets trusted SIP clients assert identity and allows asserted identity on almost every SIP request. RFC 5897 Identification of Communications Services in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How networks can determine what service a call really is, and why pretending it's something else breaks everything. RFC 5947 Requirements for Multiple Address of Record (AOR) Reachability Information in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Requirements for SIP-PBXs to register multiple phone numbers with a service provider RFC 5968 RTCP extensions Guidelines for Extending the RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Rules for safely adding new features to the feedback channel between media senders and receivers RFC 6017 Electronic Data Interchange - Internet Integration (EDIINT) Features Header Field A header field for announcing optional features in EDIINT business messaging. RFC 6143 RFB / VNC The Remote Framebuffer Protocol Viewing and controlling a remote desktop over the network. RFC 6281 Back to My Mac Understanding Apple's Back to My Mac (BTMM) Service Apple's system for secure remote access to Mac computers through NATs and across IP address changes RFC 6406 SPEERMINT architecture Session PEERing for Multimedia INTerconnect (SPEERMINT) Architecture How phone companies interconnect their SIP networks to call each other's customers. RFC 6646 DECADE Problem DECoupled Application Data Enroute (DECADE) Problem Statement In-network storage for P2P applications to reduce network stress. RFC 6760 Replacing AppleTalk NBP Requirements for a Protocol to Replace the AppleTalk Name Binding Protocol (NBP) What AppleTalk's Name Binding Protocol did, and what an IP-based replacement had to do at least as well. RFC 6828 Content Splicing for RTP Sessions Replacing parts of streaming video with other content RFC 6953 PAWS Protocol to Access White-Space (PAWS) Databases: Use Cases and Requirements Requirements for accessing a database of available radio spectrum RFC 6993 Instant Messaging and Presence Purpose for the Call-Info Header Field in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Registering 'impp' for advertising instant messaging addresses in SIP calls. RFC 7135 SIP esnet Namespace Registering a SIP Resource Priority Header Field Namespace for Local Emergency Communications Priority labels for emergency calls in controlled networks RFC 7206 Requirements for an End-to-End Session Identification in IP-Based Multimedia Communication Networks What an end-to-end session identifier must do so one call can be followed across proxies, gateways and domains. RFC 7262 CLUE Requirements Requirements for Telepresence Multistreams What is needed for video rooms from different makers to talk to each other. RFC 7355 SIP CLF WebSocket flag Indicating WebSocket Protocol as a Transport in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Common Log Format (CLF) A new transport flag value, W, lets SIP Common Log Format records show that a message traveled over WebSocket. RFC 7485 Inventory and Analysis of WHOIS Registration Objects A survey of what registry WHOIS servers actually return, done to feed the design of RDAP. RFC 7604 Comparison of Different NAT Traversal Techniques for Media Controlled by the Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) Comparing techniques for RTP media streams through NATs when controlled by RTSP RFC 7763 text/markdown The text/markdown Media Type The official Internet media type for plain-text formatted documents RFC 7764 Markdown Guidance Guidance on Markdown: Design Philosophies, Stability Strategies, and Select Registrations Why Markdown was designed to be forgiving, and how to preserve variant information when Markdown moves between systems RFC 7790 PRECIS Mappings Mapping Characters for Classes of the Preparation, Enforcement, and Comparison of Internationalized Strings (PRECIS) Extra character mappings that make internationalized strings compare the way users expect. RFC 7913 P-Access-Network-Info ABNF Update A grammar fix for the SIP P-Access-Network-Info header that adds two missing values and loosens the extension rule. RFC 7967 CoAP No-Response Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) Option for No Server Response Skip server responses for less-critical CoAP requests to save power and bandwidth. RFC 8119 SIP "cause" URI Parameter for Service Number Translation A new SIP 'cause' value, 380, records that a call was redirected because a service number was translated. RFC 8123 Requirements for Marking SIP Messages to be Logged Requirements for marking SIP messages to trigger logging across networks. RFC 8498 A P-Served-User Header Field Parameter for an Originating Call Diversion (CDIV) Session Case in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A new SIP header parameter that tells a network which kind of session a forwarded call leg is. RFC 8607 CalDAV Attachments Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV): Managed Attachments Storing and managing calendar event attachments on the server RFC 8952 Captive Portal Architecture How networks that demand a login or a click-through can tell devices about it without forging DNS or HTTP replies. RFC 9409 SIP Trunking Link The 'sip-trunking-capability' Link Relation Type A link relation that lets an enterprise phone network find a SIP provider's capability document. RFC 2445 iCalendar Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar) The original text format for calendar events, to-dos and free/busy data that calendar programs swap as .ics files and invitations. RFC 2611 URN Namespace Definition Mechanisms The rules and template for creating a new URN namespace and getting its Namespace ID from IANA. RFC 2733 An RTP Payload Format for Generic Forward Error Correction Extra data packets that let receivers rebuild lost content in real-time streams. RFC 3730 EPP Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) A language for provisioning systems to manage objects in a shared registry. RFC 4244 SIP History-Info An Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Request History Information A SIP header that records the chain of addresses a request was sent to, and why, so the final recipient can see its journey. RFC 1777 LDAP v2 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol A lightweight protocol for directory lookups and management without the overhead of full X.500. RFC 264 The Data Transfer Protocol A common protocol for breaking data into chunks and labeling them for transport across the ARPANET. RFC 158 Telnet Telnet Protocol: A Proposed Document A May 1971 committee draft of the Telnet protocol, built around a shared 7-bit ASCII Network Virtual Terminal. RFC 171 The Data Transfer Protocol The original specification for breaking up network messages into labeled blocks for applications like file transfer and remote job entry. RFC 7482 RDAP query format Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) Query Format RESTful query patterns for domain, IP, and AS number registrations RFC 7564 PRECIS Framework PRECIS Framework: Preparation, Enforcement, and Comparison of Internationalized Strings in Application Protocols A framework for deciding which Unicode characters a protocol string may contain and how two such strings are compared. RFC 3388 SDP media line grouping Grouping of Media Lines in the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Tags for linking audio, video, and related media streams in session descriptions. RFC 624 FTP Comments on the File Transfer Protocol Twelve proposed fixes to the 1974 File Transfer Protocol, from command names to reply codes. RFC 740 NETRJS NETRJS Protocol How UCLA's batch computer took jobs and returned printed output over the ARPANET, using virtual card readers and printers. RFC 1440 SIFT/UFT SIFT/UFT: Sender-Initiated/Unsolicited File Transfer A protocol for the sender to push a file to a recipient over TCP RFC 1609 Charting Networks in the X.500 Directory A scheme for describing a whole network, its machines and their interfaces as entries in the X.500 Directory. RFC 1759 Printer MIB Printer MIB SNMP objects for monitoring and controlling printers remotely. RFC 1873 Content-ID Access Type Message/External-Body Content-ID Access Type A MIME access type that lets one message part point to another part of the same message instead of repeating its data. RFC 2016 Uniform Resource Agents Uniform Resource Agents (URAs) Agent architecture for encapsulating Internet information access activities RFC 2655 SOIF in CIP CIP Index Object Format for SOIF Objects Machine-readable summaries of web resources shared in an index mesh. RFC 2762 Sampling of the Group Membership in RTP Techniques to reduce the memory cost of tracking group members in large RTP sessions. RFC 2833 RTP DTMF RTP Payload for DTMF Digits, Telephony Tones and Telephony Signals A way to send touch tones and telephony signals inside Internet voice calls. RFC 2976 SIP INFO The SIP INFO Method A way for SIP calls to exchange mid-call control information. RFC 3921 XMPP IM and Presence Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Instant Messaging and Presence How chat apps handle friend lists, status, and who sees your availability. RFC 5285 RTP Header Extensions A General Mechanism for RTP Header Extensions A standard way to attach multiple small pieces of extra data to RTP packets. RFC 1779 LDAP DN strings A String Representation of Distinguished Names A readable text format for writing directory entry names. RFC 3969 SIP URI Params The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Parameter Registry for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Creates the IANA registry that keeps SIP and SIPS URI parameters from colliding. RFC 172 FTP The File Transfer Protocol The 1971 ARPANET file transfer protocol, built on opcodes sent over one connection. RFC 1495 X.400 / RFC 822 Bodies Mapping between X.400 and RFC-822 Message Bodies How a gateway converts message bodies between X.400 mail and Internet (RFC 822 / MIME) mail. RFC 2301 TIFF-FX File Format for Internet Fax How to store fax images using the TIFF file format. RFC 5491 PIDF-LO guidance GEOPRIV Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO) Usage Clarification, Considerations, and Recommendations Nine rules and a shape profile that make a PIDF-LO location unambiguous enough to route on. RFC 765 FTP File Transfer Protocol specification Moving files between computers over a network with commands and data connections. RFC 1036 USENET message format Standard for interchange of USENET messages Standard header and transmission format for network news messages across USENET hosts. RFC 3981 IRIS IRIS: The Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS) Core Protocol An XML framework for asking Internet registries questions, with room for each kind of registry to define its own. RFC 5117 RTP Topologies RTP Topologies How many people connect in RTP video calls: direct, through a mixer, or via a switching device. RFC 977 NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol A simple text protocol that lets news readers fetch, post and exchange articles with a central news server. RFC 2447 iMIP iCalendar Message-Based Interoperability Protocol (iMIP) A way to send calendar invitations and scheduling information through email. RFC 2806 tel URL URLs for Telephone Calls URL schemes for making phone calls and sending faxes from web links. RFC 2566 IPP/1.0 Model Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Model and Semantics The abstract objects, attributes and operations behind Internet printing, defined apart from how the messages are encoded or carried. RFC 3983 IRIS over BEEP Using the Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS) over the Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol (BEEP) How registry lookups from IRIS ride on top of BEEP sessions over TCP, with TLS-based server checks. RFC 4520 LDAP IANA considerations Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Considerations for the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) How to register new LDAP extensions and protocol elements. RFC 1782 TFTP options TFTP Option Extension Let TFTP clients and servers negotiate transfer options before sending data. RFC 2111 cid and mid URLs Content-ID and Message-ID Uniform Resource Locators How to reference parts of email messages using cid: and mid: web addresses. RFC 2429 H.263+ over RTP RTP Payload Format for the 1998 Version of ITU-T Rec. H.263 Video (H.263+) How to send 1998 ITU-T H.263 video over real-time IP networks RFC 2446 iTIP iCalendar Transport-Independent Interoperability Protocol (iTIP) Scheduling Events, BusyTime, To-dos and Journal Entries A protocol for scheduling meetings and sharing calendar events between different calendar systems. RFC 3382 IPP collection syntax Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): The 'collection' attribute syntax A container for grouping related printing options together in the Internet Printing Protocol. RFC 1255 A Naming Scheme for c=US A naming standard for the North American X.500 directory RFC 6118 Update of Legacy IANA Registrations of Enumservices Bringing legacy telephone number service registries up to current standards RFC 2565 IPP/1.0 Encoding Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Encoding and Transport How print requests are packed into a binary message and carried over HTTP on port 631. RFC 1196 Finger Finger User Information Protocol How to ask a remote computer who is logged in, and what it may tell you. RFC 91 Proposed User-User Protocol A 1970 proposal for a layer above the Host-Host protocol that lets programs exchange records, control data and status. RFC 109 Level III Server Protocol for the Lincoln Laboratory 360/67 Host How the Lincoln Laboratory IBM 360/67 let ARPANET users log in and get their own virtual 360. RFC 120 Network PL1 subprograms Subprograms that let PL/I programs on a UCSB IBM 360/75 open sockets and move data over the early ARPANET. RFC 121 Network on-line operators Network operators for the UCSB On-Line System RFC 133 File Transfer and Error Recovery A 1971 critique of the early file transfer proposal: answer every message, recover from errors in levels, and number the NCP. RFC 141 Comments on RFC 114: A File Transfer Protocol Rand's short list of comments on the RFC 114 file transfer proposal: a good start, plus nine requests and questions. RFC 178 Network graphic attention handling How networks should handle user input to graphics displays. RFC 181 Modifications to RFC 177 A revision to how coordinate areas work in the network standard graphics display list proposal. RFC 183 EBCDIC Codes and Their Mapping to ASCII A standard way to convert between IBM's EBCDIC and ASCII text codes. RFC 190 DEC PDP-10-IMLAC communications system Connecting a main computer to remote graphics displays through text messages. RFC 282 Graphics meeting report Notes from the second Network Graphics Group meeting, where attendees sketched a first-pass graphics protocol. RFC 285 Network graphics A newcomer's survey of ARPANET graphics proposals, plus a simple model of how a graphics system could fit together. RFC 309 Data and File Transfer Workshop Announcement A workshop to unify data and file transfer protocols. RFC 543 Network journal submission and delivery How to submit articles to the NIC's shared journal and receive delivery notifications over the network. RFC 563 RCTE Comments on the RCTE Telnet option Technical critique of the RCTE Telnet option for controlling character echoing and transmission. RFC 569 NETED NETED: A Common Editor for the ARPA Network Proposal for a unified text editor across all network systems RFC 581 RCTE Corrections to RFC 560: Remote Controlled Transmission and Echoing Telnet Option Fixes to the Remote Controlled Transmission and Echoing Telnet option from RFC 560. RFC 596 Telnet Second thoughts on Telnet Go-Ahead An argument that Telnet's Go-Ahead signal is clumsy, unreliable and should be dropped or made optional. RFC 658 Telnet output linefeed disposition A Telnet option from 1974 for deciding who handles linefeeds in output, and how. RFC 686 Leaving well enough alone A newcomer's case for fixing the FTP everyone actually runs instead of waiting for a new version. RFC 688 Tentative schedule for the new Telnet implementation for the TIP Implementation schedule for the TIP's new Telnet protocol RFC 697 CWD command of FTP Should FTP allow password-protected directory access? RFC 703 July, 1975, survey of New-Protocol Telnet Servers A July 1975 headcount of which ARPANET hosts had adopted the new Telnet protocol. RFC 727 Telnet logout option A Telnet option that lets one side forcibly log out the other side's user process instead of leaving it detached. RFC 737 XSEN FTP extension: XSEN Send a message directly to a user's terminal over FTP, or mail it if they are not logged in RFC 743 XRSQ/XRCP FTP extension: XRSQ/XRCP Send one message to several recipients at once over FTP instead of sending it multiple times RFC 746 SUPDUP graphics extension Adding graphics to SUPDUP, the remote terminal protocol RFC 747 SUPDUP extensions Recent extensions to the SUPDUP Protocol New features added to the remote terminal display protocol RFC 933 Output Marking Output marking Telnet option A Telnet option that lets a server send a security banner once and have the user's Telnet keep it on screen. RFC 946 Telnet TTYLOC Telnet terminal location number option A Telnet option that passes a compact 64-bit number saying which terminal on which host a user is connecting from. RFC 978 VFIP Voice File Interchange Protocol (VFIP) A format for exchanging voice and speech files between different systems over the Internet. RFC 992 On communication support for fault tolerant process groups Reliable multicast primitives for fault-tolerant process groups RFC 1037 NFILE NFILE - a file access protocol A layered file access protocol for remote file operations RFC 1073 Telnet NAWS Telnet window size option How a Telnet client tells the server how many columns and rows its window has. RFC 1632 A Revised Catalog of Available X.500 Implementations A survey of X.500 directory system implementations and their capabilities. RFC 2029 RTP CellB RTP Payload Format of Sun's CellB Video Encoding How to chop Sun's CellB video stream into RTP packets that survive packet loss. RFC 2056 Z39.50 URLs Uniform Resource Locators for Z39.50 Two URL schemes that let a link open a Z39.50 library-search session or fetch one specific record. RFC 2122 vemmi URLs VEMMI URL Specification A URL scheme that lets a link start a VEMMI multimedia session, and the login dialog that follows. RFC 2218 White Pages Schema A Common Schema for the Internet White Pages Service A minimum, implementation-neutral list of fields that every Internet phone-book entry for a person should have. RFC 2594 Definitions of Managed Objects for WWW Services A standard SNMP MIB for watching web servers, proxies and clients without reading log files. RFC 2862 RTP pointers RTP Payload Format for Real-Time Pointers An RTP payload format that sends a presenter's pointer position separately from the slides, in four bytes. RFC 3049 TN3270E Service Location and Session Balancing How a 3270 terminal emulator can find TN3270E servers on its own and pick the least loaded one. RFC 3601 Text String Notation for Dial Sequences and Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN) / E.164 Addresses A single text notation for phone numbers, pauses, waits and menu key presses. RFC 3648 WebDAV Ordering Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) Ordered Collections Protocol How WebDAV lets clients put the members of a collection in an order the server remembers and honors. RFC 3876 LDAP Matched Values Returning Matched Values with the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol version 3 (LDAPv3) An LDAP control that returns only the attribute values you asked for, not every value stored. RFC 3910 SPIRITS Protocol The SPIRITS (Services in PSTN requesting Internet Services) Protocol How phone-network events, like an incoming call, are reported to Internet hosts using SIP subscriptions and XML. RFC 4060 ETSI DSR RTP Payload RTP Payload Formats for European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) European Standard ES 202 050, ES 202 211, and ES 202 212 Distributed Speech Recognition Encoding How to carry ETSI speech-recognition feature data in RTP packets, so a thin device can leave the recognizing to a server. RFC 4165 M2PA Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 2 (MTP2) - User Peer-to-Peer Adaptation Layer (M2PA) Lets two SS7 signaling nodes keep their MTP3 layer and swap the old serial link for an SCTP association over IP. RFC 4239 IVM Internet Voice Messaging (IVM) How to send a voicemail as an ordinary Internet email that any mail client can still open and play. RFC 4298 BroadVoice RTP RTP Payload Format for BroadVoice Speech Codecs How BroadVoice16 and BroadVoice32 speech frames ride inside RTP packets, with MIME and SDP details. RFC 4331 WebDAV Quota Quota and Size Properties for Distributed Authoring and Versioning (DAV) Collections Two WebDAV properties that let a client see how much storage is left and how much is used. RFC 4352 AMR-WB+ RTP Payload RTP Payload Format for the Extended Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB+) Audio Codec How to pack AMR-WB+ speech and music audio frames into RTP packets, with options for interleaving and redundancy. RFC 4425 VC-1 RTP Payload RTP Payload Format for Video Codec 1 (VC-1) How to chop VC-1 compressed video into RTP packets and describe it in SDP. RFC 4526 LDAP True/False Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Absolute True and False Filters LDAP search filters that always evaluate to True or False, written (&) and (|). RFC 4532 LDAP Who am I? Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) "Who am I?" Operation An LDAP extended operation that lets a client ask the server which authorization identity it currently associates with that client. RFC 4573 H.224 media type MIME Type Registration for RTP Payload Format for H.224 Gives the far-end camera control messages used in video calls an official media type and SDP settings. RFC 4598 E-AC-3 RTP payload Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) Payload Format for Enhanced AC-3 (E-AC-3) Audio How to chop Dolby's multichannel E-AC-3 audio into RTP packets for streaming over IP networks. RFC 4685 Atom threading Atom Threading Extensions Extra Atom feed elements that let an entry say which entry it answers and where its replies live. RFC 4759 enumdi tel URI parameter The ENUM Dip Indicator Parameter for the "tel" URI A small flag on a telephone-number URI that tells the next system an ENUM lookup has already been done. RFC 4796 SDP Content Attribute The Session Description Protocol (SDP) Content Attribute A small SDP attribute that tells a receiver whether a video stream is slides, the speaker or sign language. RFC 5020 LDAP entryDN The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) entryDN Operational Attribute An LDAP attribute that holds a copy of an entry's distinguished name so searches can test it. RFC 5079 SIP Anonymous Rejection Rejecting Anonymous Requests in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP response code that says a call was refused because the caller hid their identity. RFC 5105 ENUM Validation Token ENUM Validation Token Format Definition A signed XML token a validation entity hands to an ENUM registry to prove a phone number was checked. RFC 5112 The Presence-Specific Static Dictionary for Signaling Compression (Sigcomp) A fixed dictionary of common presence-document strings that gives SigComp a head start on its very first message. RFC 5140 TGREP A Telephony Gateway REgistration Protocol (TGREP) How phone gateways tell a signaling server which numbers and trunks they can reach, and how many circuits are free. RFC 5196 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) User Agent Capability Extension to Presence Information Data Format (PIDF) A set of XML elements that lets a presence document say what a SIP device or service can actually do. RFC 5215 Vorbis RTP RTP Payload Format for Vorbis Encoded Audio How to chop Vorbis audio into RTP packets and get the decoder its setup data. RFC 5264 Partial Presence Publish Publication of Partial Presence Information Let a SIP presence client publish only the parts of its status that changed instead of the whole document. RFC 5373 SIP Answer-Mode Requesting Answering Modes for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Two SIP header fields that let a caller ask whether the called device should wait for its user or answer on its own. RFC 5391 RTP G.711.1 RTP Payload Format for ITU-T Recommendation G.711.1 How to put wideband G.711.1 voice into RTP packets, with a one-byte header that says which quality mode follows. RFC 5404 RTP G.719 RTP Payload Format for G.719 How to pack G.719 full-band audio into RTP packets, with multiple channels, several frames per packet and optional interleaving. RFC 5432 SDP QoS Selection Quality of Service (QoS) Mechanism Selection in the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Two SDP attributes that let endpoints agree on which QoS mechanism, such as RSVP or NSIS, to use for a media stream. RFC 5552 SIP VoiceXML interface SIP Interface to VoiceXML Media Services How an application server uses plain SIP calls to start, run and end VoiceXML dialogs on a media server. RFC 5574 RTP Speex payload RTP Payload Format for the Speex Codec How Speex-compressed voice is packed into RTP packets and described in SDP for VoIP calls. RFC 5584 RTP ATRAC payload RTP Payload Format for the Adaptive TRansform Acoustic Coding (ATRAC) Family How to carry Sony's ATRAC family of audio codecs inside RTP packets, including fragments, redundancy and layered lossless audio. RFC 5629 SIP app interaction A Framework for Application Interaction in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How SIP applications ask users for input, from key presses to web forms, without the phone knowing what the application does. RFC 5658 SIP Record-Route fix Addressing Record-Route Issues in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Why SIP proxies that sit between two networks should record themselves twice, once for each side. RFC 5686 UEMCLIP RTP Payload Format for mU-law EMbedded Codec for Low-delay IP Communication (UEMCLIP) Speech Codec How to carry a G.711-compatible wideband speech codec in RTP packets, with the plain u-law stream tucked inside. RFC 5688 A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Media Feature Tag for MIME Application Subtypes A SIP media feature tag that lets a device say which application streaming formats it can handle. RFC 5724 sms URI URI Scheme for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Short Message Service (SMS) A link format that opens a text message addressed to one or more phone numbers. RFC 5898 SDP preconditions Connectivity Preconditions for Session Description Protocol (SDP) Media Streams A SIP/SDP precondition that holds back a call until the media stream is proven to actually get through. RFC 5993 GSM-HR RTP RTP Payload Format for Global System for Mobile Communications Half Rate (GSM-HR) How to pack GSM Half Rate voice frames into RTP packets, with optional built-in redundancy against loss. RFC 6026 Correct Transaction Handling for 2xx Responses to Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) INVITE Requests A fix to SIP that keeps INVITE transactions alive after a 2xx reply so retransmitted requests are not mistaken for new calls. RFC 6108 Comcast Notifications Comcast's Web Notification System Design How an ISP warns customers about malware through their web browser. RFC 6171 LDAP Don't Use Copy The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Don't Use Copy Control An LDAP request flag that says: answer from the original data, never from a copy. RFC 6185 RTP H.264 RCDO RTP Payload Format for H.264 Reduced-Complexity Decoding Operation (RCDO) Video How to send H.264 Baseline video that is cheaper to decode over RTP, as a separate H264-RCDO media type. RFC 6228 SIP 199 response Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Response Code for Indication of Terminated Dialog SIP response 199 lets forking proxies tell callers that one ringing attempt is over, before the final answer arrives. RFC 6262 IP-MR RTP RTP Payload Format for IP-MR Speech Codec How to put scalable, loss-resistant SPIRIT IP-MR wideband speech into RTP packets. RFC 6474 vCard birth and death vCard Format Extensions: Place of Birth, Place and Date of Death Three new vCard 4.0 properties for recording where someone was born, where they died, and when they died. RFC 6597 RTP SMPTE ST 336 RTP Payload Format for Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) ST 336 Encoded Data How to carry SMPTE KLV metadata, the labelled data that travels with video, inside RTP packets. RFC 6721 Atom deleted-entry The Atom "deleted-entry" Element A tombstone element that lets an Atom feed say an entry has been removed. RFC 6787 MRCPv2 Media Resource Control Protocol Version 2 (MRCPv2) A text protocol for telling speech servers to talk, listen, record and recognize voices, set up over SIP. RFC 6798 RTCP XR delay variation RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for Packet Delay Variation Metric Reporting A new RTCP report block that tells a sender how unevenly its packets arrived. RFC 6843 RTCP XR Delay RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for Delay Metric Reporting A new RTCP report block that tells peers how long packets take to go round trip, and how much delay sits inside the endpoint. RFC 6884 EVRC-NW RTP Payload RTP Payload Format for the Enhanced Variable Rate Narrowband-Wideband Codec (EVRC-NW) How to carry EVRC-NW compressed speech in RTP packets, store it in files and negotiate it with SDP. RFC 6913 Indicating Fax over IP Capability in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP feature tag that lets a call say up front that it is a fax, so it reaches a fax-capable device. RFC 7005 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for De-Jitter Buffer Metric Reporting An RTCP report block that tells a sender how the receiver's de-jitter buffer is configured and behaving. RFC 7006 Miscellaneous Capabilities Negotiation in the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Lets two endpoints offer alternative bandwidth, connection address and title settings inside SDP capability negotiation. RFC 7035 Relative Location Representation How to say where something is as an offset in meters from a known reference point, in PIDF-LO XML or a compact binary form. RFC 7151 FTP HOST File Transfer Protocol HOST Command for Virtual Hosts A new FTP command that lets a client say which virtual host it wants when many names share one IP address. RFC 7160 RTP Multiple Clock Rates Support for Multiple Clock Rates in an RTP Session Clarifies how RTP senders and receivers should handle payloads with different clock rates in one session. RFC 7195 SDP over PSTN bearers Session Description Protocol (SDP) Extension for Setting Audio and Video Media Streams over Circuit-Switched Bearers in the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) How SDP offer/answer can set up an audio or video stream over an ordinary phone-network call while the signaling runs over IP. RFC 7199 Location Configuration Extensions for Policy Management How a host can see and change the privacy rules attached to its location URI, using a second URI. RFC 7243 RTCP XR Bytes Discarded RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for the Bytes Discarded Metric A small RTCP report that tells a media sender exactly how many payload bytes the receiver threw away from its de-jitter buffer. RFC 7244 RTCP XR Sync Delay RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Blocks for Synchronization Delay and Offset Metrics Reporting Two RTCP report blocks that tell a sender how long a receiver took to line up its media streams, and how far apart they are. RFC 7261 Offer/Answer Considerations for G723 Annex A and G729 Annex B What two phones should do when they disagree about silence suppression for G.723 and G.729 calls. RFC 7266 RTCP XR MOS RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Blocks for Mean Opinion Score (MOS) Metric Reporting A way for RTP endpoints to report how good the audio or video sounded or looked, as a mean opinion score. RFC 7310 apt-X over RTP RTP Payload Format for Standard apt-X and Enhanced apt-X Codecs How to carry apt-X and Enhanced apt-X compressed audio, including multichannel audio, in RTP packets. RFC 7363 Self-Tuning Distributed Hash Table (DHT) for REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) How a RELOAD peer-to-peer overlay can measure its own size and churn and tune its maintenance traffic to match. RFC 7403 A Media-Based Traceroute Function for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Using SIP's Max-Forwards counter and media-loopback test calls to find where in a call's media path things break. RFC 7440 TFTP windowsize TFTP Windowsize Option Lets a TFTP client and server agree to send several data blocks in a row before waiting for an acknowledgment. RFC 7509 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) for Post-Repair Loss Count Metrics A compact RTCP report that tells a sender how many lost packets were fixed and how many stayed lost. RFC 7512 PKCS #11 URI The PKCS #11 URI Scheme A URI form for pointing at a key, certificate, token, slot or library behind the PKCS #11 API. RFC 7545 PAWS Protocol to Access White-Space (PAWS) Databases How a radio device asks a database which frequencies it may use at its location, and for how long. RFC 7549 3GPP SIP Traffic Leg 3GPP SIP URI Inter-Operator Traffic Leg Parameter A small SIP URI parameter that labels which stretch of a call's signaling path a request is about to cross. RFC 7584 STUN for B2BUAs Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) Message Handling for SIP Back-to-Back User Agents (B2BUAs) How a SIP middlebox on the media path should treat ICE and STUN, so calls through it still connect and stay secure. RFC 7650 CoAP Usage for RELOAD A Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) Usage for REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) How sensor networks can find each other and share readings through a peer-to-peer overlay instead of a central server. RFC 7655 RTP Payload for G.711.0 RTP Payload Format for G.711.0 How to carry losslessly compressed telephone-quality audio in RTP packets, and how to store it in files. RFC 7851 Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Overlay Diagnostics Ping-like and traceroute-like tools for finding sick peers in a RELOAD peer-to-peer overlay. RFC 7867 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for Loss Concealment Metrics for Video Applications A new RTCP report that tells monitors how much video was damaged by packet loss and how the receiver patched it up. RFC 8000 NFSv4 Multi-Domain Requirements for NFSv4 Multi-Domain Namespace Deployment What an NFSv4 deployment must do before several organizations can share one file namespace. RFC 8015 RTCP XR Discard Metrics RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for Independent Reporting of Burst/Gap Discard Metrics A compact RTCP report that says how many packets a receiver threw away, and in what bursts, without needing loss reports alongside it. RFC 8076 ShaRe A Usage for Shared Resources in RELOAD (ShaRe) How RELOAD peers can share write access to one overlay location through a chain of signed delegations. RFC 8079 RTCP in B2BUAs Guidelines for End-to-End Support of the RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) in Back-to-Back User Agents (B2BUAs) Rules for SIP back-to-back user agents so that RTCP quality feedback still reaches the right endpoint. RFC 8160 SSH IUTF8 IUTF8 Terminal Mode in Secure Shell (SSH) A new SSH terminal mode opcode that tells the server a terminal is using UTF-8. RFC 8275 NFSv4 ACL Umask Allowing Inheritable NFSv4 Access Control Entries to Override the Umask How NFSv4 lets the server decide when a file creation mask should override inherited permissions. RFC 8276 NFSv4 xattrs File System Extended Attributes in NFSv4 Optional NFSv4 operations for reading, writing, listing and removing the opaque key/value metadata attached to files. RFC 8286 RTP Splicing RTP/RTCP Extension for RTP Splicing Notification How a media sender tells a splicer exactly when to swap in other content, such as a regional ad. RFC 8331 RTP for SMPTE ST 291-1 RTP Payload for Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) ST 291-1 Ancillary Data How to carry the captions, time code and other hidden extras of professional video inside RTP packets. RFC 8450 VC-2 HQ RTP RTP Payload Format for VC-2 High Quality (HQ) Profile How to carry lossless or lightly compressed VC-2 HQ professional video in RTP packets at gigabit rates. RFC 8497 SIP Log Me Marking SIP Messages to Be Logged A one-word flag in the SIP Session-ID header that tells every device on the path to log this call for troubleshooting. RFC 8688 SIP 608 Rejected A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Response Code for Rejected Calls A SIP response code that tells a caller an intermediary, not the person called, rejected the call, with a signed way to appeal. RFC 8710 CoAP multipart content Multipart Content-Format for the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) A tiny binary container that lets one CoAP message carry several differently typed pieces of content. RFC 8857 BFCP over WebSocket The WebSocket Protocol as a Transport for the Binary Floor Control Protocol (BFCP) How the Binary Floor Control Protocol rides on a WebSocket connection so browser-based conferencing can use it. RFC 8876 Non-interactive Emergency Calls How a sensor or other device can send an emergency alert, with data only and no voice or video session. RFC 9027 PASSporT RPH SPH Assertion Values for Resource Priority Header and SIP Priority Header Claims in Support of Emergency Services Networks Signed assertions that an emergency call or a PSAP callback really has the priority it claims. RFC 9039 URN for Device IDs Uniform Resource Names for Device Identifiers A URN namespace, urn:dev, for writing down hardware device identifiers such as MAC addresses and 1-Wire IDs in a uniform way. RFC 9248 Relay UE Profile Interoperability Profile for Relay User Equipment The rulebook that lets any sign-language videophone work with any video relay provider. RFC 9253 iCalendar Relationships Support for iCalendar Relationships New ways for calendar events and tasks to point at each other, share a group key, and link to outside resources. RFC 9410 STIR Identity Errors Handling of Identity Header Errors for Secure Telephone Identity Revisited (STIR) How STIR verification errors travel back to the signing side through the SIP Reason header when a call goes ahead anyway. RFC 9475 STIR messaging Messaging Use Cases and Extensions for Secure Telephone Identity Revisited (STIR) How STIR's signed caller-identity tokens can be extended to protect text and multimedia messages from spoofed senders. RFC 9561 pNFS SCSI for NVMe Using the Parallel NFS (pNFS) SCSI Layout to Access Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) Storage Devices How pNFS clients can read and write NVMe storage directly using the SCSI layout, with fencing and cache flushing mapped to NVMe commands. RFC 9639 FLAC Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC) The open format that shrinks digital audio without throwing any of it away. RFC 9671 Sieve processcalendar Sieve Email Filtering: Extension for Processing Calendar Attachments A Sieve extension that lets mail filter scripts add, update or remove calendar events found inside incoming email. RFC 764 Telnet Telnet Protocol specification A 1980 specification of Telnet: a virtual terminal, negotiated options and a handful of control commands. RFC 1116 Telnet Linemode Telnet Linemode option Local line editing and signal handling for Telnet over long-delay networks. RFC 1488 LDAP attribute syntaxes The X.500 String Representation of Standard Attribute Syntaxes How Directory attribute values are encoded as strings for LDAP protocol use RFC 1783 TFTP blocksize TFTP Blocksize Option Let client and server negotiate larger blocks for faster file transfers. RFC 2032 RTP H.261 RTP Payload Format for H.261 Video Streams Splitting a H.261 video stream into RTP packets for Internet transmission. RFC 3732 Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Host Mapping How to register and manage DNS nameserver entries in the EPP registry system. RFC 3733 Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Contact Mapping How to manage contact information for domain registry objects in EPP. RFC 3825 DHCP Geo Location Option Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Option for Coordinate-based Location Configuration Information A DHCP option for delivering geographic coordinates to clients. RFC 4091 SDP ANAT Semantics The Alternative Network Address Types (ANAT) Semantics for the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Grouping Framework Let one media stream offer both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. RFC 4583 SDP for BFCP Session Description Protocol (SDP) Format for Binary Floor Control Protocol (BFCP) Streams Describes how to advertise Binary Floor Control Protocol streams in SDP offers and answers. RFC 6122 XMPP Address Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Address Format The format for identifying users and services in internet chat networks. RFC 1194 Finger Finger User Information Protocol A simple protocol to ask a remote host about its users. RFC 2248 Services Monitoring MIB Network Services Monitoring MIB Standard objects for monitoring network application status and connections. RFC 4992 IRIS Chunks XML Pipelining with Chunks for the Internet Registry Information Service A simple framing for sending IRIS registry queries over TCP, in chunks that can be processed before the whole message arrives. RFC 607 FTP Comments on the File Transfer Protocol A 1974 list of thirteen quick fixes that would make the File Transfer Protocol easier to implement. RFC 850 USENET Standard for interchange of USENET messages The standard format for Network News articles shared among USENET sites. RFC 1784 TFTP Timeout/Tsize TFTP Timeout Interval and Transfer Size Options Negotiate timeout and pre-transfer file size in TFTP. RFC 3016 RTP Payload Format for MPEG-4 Audio/Visual Streams How to send MPEG-4 video and audio in real-time packets over the Internet RFC 3266 Support for IPv6 in Session Description Protocol (SDP) Rules for writing IPv6 addresses in session descriptions RFC 3332 M3UA Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 3 (MTP3) - User Adaptation Layer (M3UA) Carrying telephone network signaling over the internet. RFC 3381 IPP job progress Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): Job Progress Attributes Job attributes for monitoring print job progress in IPP printers. RFC 3674 LDAP feature discovery Feature Discovery in Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) How LDAP clients can discover optional server features and extensions. RFC 3968 SIP Header Params The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) Header Field Parameter Registry for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) The official list that keeps SIP header field parameter names from colliding. RFC 3984 RTP H.264 Payload RTP Payload Format for H.264 Video How to send H.264 video over RTP for real-time communication. RFC 7700 PRECIS Nicknames Preparation, Enforcement, and Comparison of Internationalized Strings Representing Nicknames Standards for preparing and comparing international display names. RFC 8217 SIP name-addr Clarifications for When to Use the name-addr Production in SIP Messages Clarifying when SIP headers must use the formal address format. RFC 1098 SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) A simple protocol for remote inspection and control of network device management information. RFC 1960 LDAP Search Filters A String Representation of LDAP Search Filters A human-readable format for specifying which directory entries you want RFC 3525 Megaco Gateway Control Protocol Version 1 The language a phone-gateway controller uses to tell a media gateway which calls to connect and how. RFC 3455 SIP P-headers for 3GPP Private Header (P-Header) Extensions to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for the 3rd-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Private headers for 3GPP mobile SIP networks carrying charging, roaming, and network information. RFC 3466 CDI model A Model for Content Internetworking (CDI) A vocabulary for understanding how content delivery networks interconnect and share resources. RFC 742 Finger NAME/FINGER Protocol A 1977 note describing how to ask a remote host who is logged in, or about one user, with a single line. RFC 1645 SNPP Simple Network Paging Protocol - Version 2 A simple protocol for sending alphanumeric and numeric pages over the Internet to radio pagers. RFC 6117 Enumservice Registration IANA Registration of Enumservices: Guide, Template, and IANA Considerations How to define and register an Enumservice, the label that says what a phone number's DNS record points to. RFC 4790 Collation Registry Internet Application Protocol Collation Registry A registry of named string-comparison rules, so protocols can say exactly how text is matched and sorted. RFC 1487 LDAP X.500 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol A lightweight way for simple clients to read and update an X.500 Directory over TCP. RFC 1867 HTML File Upload Form-based File Upload in HTML The mechanism for web forms to accept files from users and a MIME encoding for sending them back to servers. RFC 2245 Anonymous SASL Anonymous SASL Mechanism Standard way to log in as a guest in SASL protocols RFC 2531 Content Feature Schema for Internet Fax Standard vocabulary for describing what Internet fax systems can send and receive. RFC 2596 LDAP Language Tags Use of Language Codes in LDAP How to label attributes in multiple languages in directory entries. RFC 3010 NFS version 4 NFS version 4 Protocol The first NFS version 4 specification: file locking, security negotiation and delegation built into the protocol itself. RFC 3047 RTP Payload Format for ITU-T Recommendation G.722.1 How to send G.722.1 wideband audio over RTP RFC 3119 RTP MP3 A More Loss-Tolerant RTP Payload Format for MP3 Audio A loss-tolerant way to send MP3 audio over RTP RFC 3189 RTP DV RTP Payload Format for DV (IEC 61834) Video A way to send DV video over the internet in real time. RFC 3288 Using the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) in Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol (BEEP) How to send SOAP messages using the BEEP protocol. RFC 3734 Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Transport Over TCP Carrying domain registry messages over TCP with security. RFC 3771 The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Intermediate Response Message Progress updates for operations that unfold in stages. RFC 4092 SIP ANAT Usage Usage of the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Alternative Network Address Types (ANAT) Semantics in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Offering multiple network address types in phone call setup. RFC 4695 RTP MIDI RTP Payload Format for MIDI How to carry MIDI music commands in RTP packets, with a built-in way to heal from lost packets. RFC 4756 FEC grouping in SDP Forward Error Correction Grouping Semantics in Session Description Protocol How to label repair streams that protect media in a session description. RFC 6222 RTCP CNAMEs Guidelines for Choosing RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Canonical Names (CNAMEs) Better ways to pick persistent identifiers for endpoints in RTP sessions. RFC 1781 User-friendly naming Using the OSI Directory to Achieve User Friendly Naming How to represent directory names in a way people can actually read and use. RFC 1384 Naming Guidelines for Directory Pilots How directory pilot projects should name entries to fit together globally RFC 1558 LDAP filters A String Representation of LDAP Search Filters Writing LDAP search requests in plain text instead of network encoding RFC 2706 ECML v1 ECML v1: Field Names for E-Commerce Standard names for form fields so wallets can fill them in automatically. RFC 7451 EPP extension registry Extension Registry for the Extensible Provisioning Protocol How to register and manage extensions to the Extensible Provisioning Protocol. RFC 1769 SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) A simpler way to synchronize computer clocks over the Internet. RFC 651 Telnet Revised Telnet status option A 1974 revision of the Telnet STATUS option, which lets each side ask how the other sees its options. RFC 783 TFTP TFTP Protocol (revision 2) A very simple protocol for transferring files between computers RFC 812 WHOIS NICNAME/WHOIS The original description of the NICNAME/WHOIS directory server on the SRI-NIC machine. RFC 1484 Using the OSI Directory to achieve User Friendly Naming (OSI-DS 24 (v1.2)) An experiment in letting people look up X.500 directory entries by typing a short, guessable name instead of a full formal one. RFC 1485 A String Representation of Distinguished Names (OSI-DS 23 (v5)) A readable text format for writing down an X.500 directory name, such as on a business card or in an email. RFC 8839 ICE SDP Session Description Protocol (SDP) Offer/Answer Procedures for Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) How two endpoints write down their possible network paths in SDP offers and answers so ICE can pick one that works. RFC 930 Telnet Terminal Type Telnet terminal type option Letting Telnet servers learn what kind of screen is on the other end RFC 1837 X.500 Tables, Subtrees Representing Tables and Subtrees in the X.500 Directory Techniques for storing lookup tables and hierarchies in the OSI Directory. RFC 4589 Location types registry Location Types Registry A shared list of tokens such as office, classroom and train-station for describing the kind of place a device is in. RFC 4896 SigComp Signaling Compression (SigComp) Corrections and Clarifications Fixes and clarifications for places where SigComp implementers read the original specs differently. RFC 2877 5250 Telnet 5250 Telnet Enhancements Extending Telnet to support IBM terminal device selection and auto sign-on. RFC 4722 MSCML Media Server Control Markup Language (MSCML) and Protocol XML language to control conferences and voice response over SIP. RFC 7976 Updates to Private Header (P-Header) Extension Usage in Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Requests and Responses Clarifies where SIP private headers may appear in phone call messages. RFC 5774 Considerations for Civic Addresses in the Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO): Guidelines and IANA Registry Definition How to write a country's rules for mapping civic addresses into PIDF-LO, plus the IANA registry that lists them. RFC 698 Telnet extended ASCII option A Telnet option for transmitting extended ASCII characters used at AI labs RFC 1080 Telnet Flow Control Telnet remote flow control option Letting one side tell the other to pause or resume output. RFC 1647 TN3270 TN3270 Enhancements Better support for IBM 3270 terminals and printers over the Internet. RFC 1959 LDAP URL An LDAP URL Format Web-style links to query LDAP directory servers. RFC 2035 RTP JPEG RTP Payload Format for JPEG-compressed Video How to send JPEG video frame-by-frame over real-time networks. RFC 2038 RTP MPEG RTP Payload Format for MPEG1/MPEG2 Video How to send MPEG video and audio streams over real-time networks. RFC 2793 RTP text conversation RTP Payload for Text Conversation Sending typed text character-by-character over real-time protocols. RFC 2885 Megaco 0.8 Megaco Protocol version 0.8 A protocol for controllers to manage decomposed media gateways over networks. RFC 3982 IRIS DREG IRIS: A Domain Registry (dreg) Type for the Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS) The question and answer formats IRIS uses to look up domains, name servers, contacts and registrars. RFC 4676 DHCP civic location Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv4 and DHCPv6) Option for Civic Addresses Configuration Information Telling devices where they are using DHCP configuration RFC 4770 vCard IM extension vCard Extensions for Instant Messaging (IM) Add instant messaging addresses to digital contact cards. RFC 7134 The Management Policy of the Resource Priority Header (RPH) Registry Changed to "IETF Review" Makes it easier to register new Resource-Priority namespaces by switching to IETF Review. RFC 7248 SIP-XMPP Presence Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Presence Sharing online status between two different instant messaging protocols RFC 9876 CoAP Content-Formats Updates to the IANA Registration Procedures for Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) Content-Formats New rules for handing out CoAP Content-Format numbers, so bad registrations stop slipping through. RFC 599 NETRJS Update on NETRJS Improvements to the NETRJS remote job entry service after two years of use RFC 1545 FOOBAR FTP Operation Over Big Address Records (FOOBAR) FTP commands to handle longer addresses from next-generation IP protocols. RFC 1836 O/R Addresses in X.500 Representing the O/R Address hierarchy in the X.500 Directory Information Tree Map X.400 email addresses to the X.500 directory tree structure. RFC 1838 X.400 to RFC 822 Mapping Use of the X.500 Directory to support mapping between X.400 and RFC 822 Addresses Using X.500 Directory to map between two email address systems. RFC 4991 IRIS Common Schema A Common Schema for Internet Registry Information Service Transfer Protocols A shared XML vocabulary that IRIS transfer protocols use to report versions, sizes, authentication results and other status. RFC 4993 IRIS over UDP A Lightweight UDP Transfer Protocol for the Internet Registry Information Service A one-packet-per-question way to query an Internet registry over UDP, with optional compression. RFC 1198 X Window System FYI on the X window system The widely-used system that draws windows and manages graphics on workstations. RFC 1431 DUA metrics DUA Metrics (OSI-DS 33 (v2)) A scoring framework for evaluating X.500 Directory user interfaces RFC 1491 A Survey of Advanced Usages of X.500 Finding new uses for a directory service beyond phone books RFC 1564 DSA Metrics (OSI-DS 34 (v3)) A scorecard for evaluating X.500 directory software on standards, features, and speed RFC 1684 X.500 White Pages Introduction to White Pages Services based on X.500 An international directory service for finding people and their email addresses. RFC 1691 Cornell digital library The Document Architecture for the Cornell Digital Library How to organize scanned books and documents in a digital library RFC 1785 TFTP Options Analysis TFTP Option Negotiation Analysis Testing backward compatibility of TFTP option negotiation with old servers. RFC 1789 INETPhone INETPhone: Telephone Services and Servers on Internet A telephone service that uses the Internet to connect callers while keeping local phone networks for access. RFC 1834 WHOIS++ Whois and Network Information Lookup Service, Whois++ Standardized protocol for network directory lookup with advanced search and filtering RFC 1865 EDI Meets the Internet EDI Meets the Internet Frequently Asked Questions about Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) on the Internet Using the Internet instead of Value Added Networks for EDI RFC 1921 TNVIP TNVIP Protocol Extending Telnet to emulate special-purpose terminal types over TCP/IP networks. RFC 2229 DICT A Dictionary Server Protocol A protocol for client-server dictionary lookups over TCP. RFC 2351 Mapping of Airline Reservation, Ticketing, and Messaging Traffic over IP A TCP/IP encapsulation for legacy airline reservation, ticketing, and messaging protocols. RFC 2448 AT&T's Error Resilient Video Transmission Technique Protecting compressed video from packet loss over unreliable networks. RFC 2552 Architecture for the Information Brokerage in the ACTS Project GAIA A generic architecture for brokering information between customers and suppliers in electronic markets. RFC 2708 Job Submission Protocol Mapping Recommendations for the Job Monitoring MIB Unifying how print job submission protocols report status to monitoring systems. RFC 2755 Security Negotiation for WebNFS Protocol for WebNFS clients to negotiate security mechanisms with servers. RFC 2820 LDAP access control Access Control Requirements for LDAP What LDAP access control systems must be able to do RFC 2838 TV URI Uniform Resource Identifiers for Television Broadcasts A web link scheme for television broadcasts on network-connected devices. RFC 2926 SLP-LDAP mapping Conversion of LDAP Schemas to and from SLP Templates Procedures for translating between two directory systems. RFC 2970 TISDAG architecture Architecture for Integrated Directory Services - Result from TISDAG A modular gateway approach for integrating distributed directory services. RFC 2972 Common Name Resolution Context and Goals for Common Name Resolution Context and goals for resolving everyday names to internet resources. RFC 3045 Storing Vendor Information in the LDAP root DSE How LDAP servers advertise their vendor and version RFC 3054 Megaco IP Phone Megaco IP Phone Media Gateway Application Profile How to control an Internet phone using the Megaco protocol RFC 3064 MGCP CAS Packages MGCP CAS Packages Signaling packages for old phone trunk types in media gateways. RFC 3072 SDXF Structured Data Exchange Format (SDXF) A portable, self-describing format for exchanging structured data. RFC 3149 MGCP Business MGCP Business Phone Packages Extension packages to control feature keys, signals and XML displays on business phones. RFC 3158 RTP Testing Strategies Testing strategies for real-time audio and video streaming protocol implementations. RFC 3259 Mbus A Message Bus for Local Coordination A lightweight protocol for coordinating independent application components on the same network. RFC 3354 IOTP v2 requirements Internet Open Trading Protocol Version 2 Requirements A roadmap for extending the Internet Open Trading Protocol with modern standards RFC 3441 ATM package for MGCP Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Package for the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Extensions to MGCP for controlling voice gateways connected to ATM networks. RFC 3523 Internet Emergency Preparedness (IEPREP) Telephony Topology Terminology Standard names for emergency phone call paths mixing circuit-switched and IP networks. RFC 3538 IOTP SET Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) Supplement for the v1.0 Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP) How Secure Electronic Transaction payment fits into the Internet Open Trading Protocol. RFC 3617 TFTP URI Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Scheme and Applicability Statement for the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) A web-style address format for the simple file transfer protocol. RFC 3624 The Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Bulk Audit Package A faster way to check the status of many phone gateway endpoints at once RFC 3696 Application Techniques for Checking and Transformation of Names How to validate domain names, email addresses, and URLs correctly RFC 3707 CRISP Requirements Cross Registry Internet Service Protocol (CRISP) Requirements What a unified protocol for querying domain registries should be able to do. RFC 3824 E.164 Numbers with SIP Using E.164 numbers with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Connecting phone numbers and internet addresses for voice calls RFC 3867 IOTP Payment API Payment Application Programmers Interface (API) for v1.0 Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP) The interface that connects online trading software to payment processing systems. RFC 3944 H.350 H.350 Directory Services Unified directory for multimedia conferencing endpoints. RFC 3976 Interworking SIP and Intelligent Network (IN) Applications Accessing Intelligent Network services from SIP endpoints RFC 3991 MGCP Redirect and Reset Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Redirect and Reset Package Redirecting and resetting groups of endpoints in media gateways RFC 3992 MGCP Lockstep Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Lockstep State Reporting Mechanism Detecting and reporting when MGCP endpoints get stuck waiting. RFC 4002 ENUM web and ft IANA Registration for Enumservice 'web' and 'ft' Registers the ENUM service names 'web' and 'ft', so a phone number can point to a website or an FTP site. RFC 4078 CRID The TV-Anytime Content Reference Identifier (CRID) A URL scheme that identifies broadcast programs independently of when or where they air. RFC 4123 SIP-H.323 interworking Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)-H.323 Interworking Requirements Requirements for bridging two different internet-telephony protocols RFC 4161 Guidelines for Optional Services for Internet Fax Gateways Optional features for gateways connecting email and telephone faxes. RFC 4355 Enumservices Email/SMS IANA Registration for Enumservices email, fax, mms, ems, and sms Registers the ENUM services email, fax, sms, ems and mms, so a phone number can point to ways of sending messages. RFC 4373 LBURP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Bulk Update/Replication Protocol (LBURP) Protocol for sending bulk updates to an LDAP directory server RFC 4376 Floor Control Reqs Requirements for Floor Control Protocols Framework for managing who speaks in group conferences RFC 4403 LDAP Schema for UDDI Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Schema for Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration version 3 (UDDIv3) Maps UDDI business directories into LDAP schema for unified storage RFC 4415 Enumservice Voice IANA Registration for Enumservice Voice A label in ENUM that says a phone number can be dialed for a live, two-way voice call. RFC 4452 info URI scheme The "info" URI Scheme for Information Assets with Identifiers in Public Namespaces A URI scheme to name books, articles, and information assets that already have public catalog numbers RFC 4473 IMG requirements Requirements for Internet Media Guides (IMGs) Building scalable systems to guide users through media content and services. RFC 4484 SIP trait authz Trait-Based Authorization Requirements for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Using attributes instead of identity to authorize access in SIP communications. RFC 4525 LDAP Modify-Increment Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Modify-Increment Extension Add one to a directory attribute without reading it first. RFC 4529 LDAP attrs by class Requesting Attributes by Object Class in the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Request all attributes of a directory object class in one go. RFC 4596 SIP caller prefs usage Guidelines for Usage of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Caller Preferences Extension Guidelines showing how to use SIP caller preferences for device selection and call routing. RFC 4715 tel URI ISDN subaddress The Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Subaddress Encoding Type for tel URI Specify encoding for subaddresses in telephone URIs. RFC 4769 PSTN Enumservice IANA Registration for an Enumservice Containing Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Signaling Information ENUM labels that point to phone-network routing data, including where ported numbers now live. RFC 4839 Media Type Registrations for the Open eBook Publication Structure (OEBPS) Package File (OPF) Official media type for Open eBook Publication Structure package files RFC 4969 vCard Enumservice IANA Registration for vCard Enumservice Registers the vCard Enumservice so a phone number's DNS entry can point to an electronic business card. RFC 4979 XMPP Enumservice IANA Registration for Enumservice 'XMPP' Registers the XMPP Enumservice so a phone number's DNS entry can point to an xmpp address. RFC 5009 P-Early-Media Private Header (P-Header) Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Authorization of Early Media A SIP header to control who can send and receive sounds before a call is answered. RFC 5093 RTCP XR XNQ BT's eXtended Network Quality RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR XNQ) A call quality report block for measuring packet delay variation and network degradation. RFC 5118 SIP IPv6 Torture Tests Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Torture Test Messages for Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Test cases for IPv6 support in SIP implementations. RFC 5119 SMPTE URN A Uniform Resource Name (URN) Namespace for the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Permanent names for resources from the motion picture and television engineering standards body. RFC 5134 EPC URN A Uniform Resource Name Namespace for the EPCglobal Electronic Product Code (EPC) and Related Standards Internet-standard names for products and supply chain data RFC 5138 CGI URN A Uniform Resource Name (URN) Namespace for the Commission for the Management and Application of Geoscience Information (CGI) Permanent names for geoscience data, standards, and resources RFC 5141 ISO URN A Uniform Resource Name (URN) Namespace for the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) A persistent naming scheme for ISO standards and technical specifications. RFC 5159 Session Description Protocol (SDP) Attributes for Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) Broadcast (BCAST) Service and Content Protection SDP attributes for describing broadcast services on mobile devices. RFC 5194 Framework for Real-Time Text over IP Using the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Keyboard conversation as immediate as voice, using internet protocols. RFC 5278 Enumservice vmsg IANA Registration of Enumservices for Voice and Video Messaging Registers ENUM service names so a phone number's DNS record can point straight to voice, video or unified messaging systems. RFC 5333 Enumservices Calendaring IANA Registration of Enumservices for Internet Calendaring Registers the ENUM labels that let a phone number point to a person's calendar for invitations or for browsing. RFC 5346 Operational Requirements for ENUM-Based Softswitch Use Operational lessons from an ENUM trial connecting Korean VoIP carriers. RFC 5379 SIP Privacy Guidelines Guidelines for Using the Privacy Mechanism for SIP Clarifying how to hide identity, headers, and session information in phone calls RFC 5411 SIP Guide A Hitchhiker's Guide to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Navigate the many specifications that extend the Session Initiation Protocol RFC 5527 Combined ENUM Combined User and Infrastructure ENUM in the e164.arpa Tree A temporary solution to let carriers share the public telephone numbering database. RFC 5631 SIP session mobility Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Session Mobility Move an active call from one device to another without hanging up. RFC 5638 Simple SIP scenario Simple SIP Usage Scenario for Applications in the Endpoints How to use a minimal subset of SIP for real-time web communications RFC 5769 STUN Test Vectors Test Vectors for Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) Reference data for testing STUN implementations. RFC 5850 SIP Call Control A Call Control and Multi-Party Usage Framework for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Framework for handling multi-party calls, transfers, and conferences in SIP. RFC 6011 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) User Agent Configuration How SIP phones automatically download and stay updated with their configuration RFC 6050 A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for the Identification of Services Two headers that let trusted SIP servers tell each other what service a call is using. RFC 6064 SDP and RTSP Extensions Defined for 3GPP Packet-Switched Streaming Service and Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service SDP and RTSP extensions that 3GPP uses for mobile video streaming and broadcast services. RFC 6142 C12.22 over IP ANSI C12.22, IEEE 1703, and MC12.22 Transport Over IP Carrying smart meter messages on IP networks. RFC 6167 JMS URI URI Scheme for Java(tm) Message Service 1.0 A URI scheme for naming message queues and topics in Java applications. RFC 6314 NAT Traversal Practices for Client-Server SIP Getting phone calls through NAT barriers: unified practices and message flows RFC 6337 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Usage of the Offer/Answer Model How SIP establishes and updates multimedia sessions using offers and answers RFC 6362 EDIINT Multiple Attachments for Electronic Data Interchange - Internet Integration (EDIINT) How to send multiple documents in a single business message. RFC 6405 SIP peering use cases Voice over IP (VoIP) SIP Peering Use Cases Describes how Voice over IP providers peer and exchange calls using SIP, covering fixed relationships and dynamic discovery. RFC 6444 Location Hiding: Problem Statement and Requirements Balancing emergency call routing with caller location privacy RFC 6498 MGCP VBD Package Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Voiceband Data (VBD) Package and General-Purpose Media Descriptor Parameter Package Protocol extensions to detect and control fax and modem tones over voice calls. RFC 6504 CCMP Call Flows Centralized Conferencing Manipulation Protocol (CCMP) Call Flow Examples Detailed examples of client-server message exchanges for conference control. RFC 6569 Audio Codec Guidelines Guidelines for Development of an Audio Codec within the IETF How the IETF develops interactive audio codecs in the open. RFC 6914 SIMPLE SIMPLE Made Simple: An Overview of the IETF Specifications for Instant Messaging and Presence Using the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Guide to instant messaging and presence specifications for SIP. RFC 6947 SDP ALTC The Session Description Protocol (SDP) Alternate Connectivity (ALTC) Attribute Let a video call offer both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses in one message. RFC 7058 Media Control Channel Framework (CFW) Call Flow Examples Practical examples of how application servers control media servers using the MEDIACTRL framework. RFC 7069 DECADE DECoupled Application Data Enroute (DECADE) In-network storage for peer-to-peer and content distribution applications RFC 7081 CUSAX CUSAX: Combined Use of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) Strategies for combining SIP for calls and XMPP for messaging in one service. RFC 7082 Indication of Conference Focus Support for the Centralized Conferencing Manipulation Protocol (CCMP) Discovering CCMP support in conference servers RFC 7088 Session Initiation Protocol Service Example -- Music on Hold A standards-compliant way to play music while holding a call in SIP. RFC 7106 A Group Text Chat Purpose for Conference and Service URIs in the SIP Event Package for Conference State A new purpose value for conference chat room URIs in SIP. RFC 7131 SIP History-Info Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) History-Info Header Call Flow Examples Documenting how SIP records the path a call takes when retargeted. RFC 7316 SIP P-Private-Network The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) P-Private-Network-Indication Private Header (P-Header) Marking SIP messages for handling within private telecommunications networks. RFC 7425 RTMFP profile Adobe's RTMFP Profile for Flash Communication How to send video, audio and data through RTMFP for Flash platform communication. RFC 7869 vnc URI The "vnc" URI Scheme A web-style link that launches VNC remote-desktop clients with connection details and security options. RFC 8068 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Recording Call Flows Example call flows for recording SIP sessions with metadata RFC 8284 XMPP LDAP Schema Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Schema for Supporting the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) in White Pages How to store XMPP addresses in your company directory RFC 8396 MODERN framework Managing, Ordering, Distributing, Exposing, and Registering Telephone Numbers (MODERN): Problem Statement, Use Cases, and Framework Why Internet services need new ways to hand out, manage and look up telephone numbers, and the framework proposed. RFC 8433 A Simpler Method for Resolving Alert-Info URNs Using finite state machines to resolve SIP alert URNs to ring tones RFC 8451 Considerations for Selecting RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Metrics for the WebRTC Statistics API Which metrics WebRTC apps should expose from RTCP and RTP monitoring RFC 8496 P-Charge-Info P-Charge-Info: A Private Header Field (P-Header) Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A SIP header that says who pays the bill for a call. RFC 8589 leaptofrogans URI The 'leaptofrogans' URI Scheme A URI scheme to launch Frogans Player on a specific site. RFC 8605 vCard RDAP ICANN vCard Format Extensions: ICANN Extensions for the Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) New contact fields for domain registry data according to ICANN policy RFC 8761 Video codec requirements Video Codec Requirements and Evaluation Methodology Specifies requirements for internet video codecs and how to measure if they meet them. RFC 8905 payto The 'payto' URI Scheme for Payments A unified URI scheme for payment links that works with any payment system. RFC 8921 CPNP Dynamic Service Negotiation: The Connectivity Provisioning Negotiation Protocol (CPNP) A protocol for automating negotiations over service parameters. RFC 9043 FFV1 FFV1 Video Coding Format Versions 0, 1, and 3 Lossless video compression that preserves every pixel perfectly RFC 9178 Building Power-Efficient Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) Devices for Cellular Networks Techniques for building battery-powered IoT devices that communicate over cellular networks. RFC 9649 WebP WebP Image Format An efficient image compression format supporting lossy, lossless, animation, and transparency. RFC 9924 APV video codec Advanced Professional Video A professional video compression format for recording and editing without visible quality loss. RFC 9996 Protobuf media types Media Types for Protocol Buffers Official media type labels for serialized Protocol Buffer data RFC 292 Graphics Protocol: Level 0 only Simple graphics commands for the early network RFC 360 RJE Proposed Remote Job Entry Protocol A 1972 proposal for submitting batch jobs to another network host using Telnet for control and FTP for files. RFC 729 Telnet byte macro option A Telnet option that lets one side send a single byte standing in for a longer string, to cut control overhead. RFC 884 Telnet terminal type option Let Telnet clients tell servers what kind of terminal they are RFC 1798 Connectionless LDAP Connection-less Lightweight X.500 Directory Access Protocol A faster way to query the directory using single datagrams instead of multiple connection-oriented exchanges. RFC 1218 Naming scheme for c=US A hierarchical naming scheme for the North American directory. RFC 1258 Rlogin BSD Rlogin A remote login protocol that transmits Unix terminal semantics better than Telnet. RFC 1568 SNPP Simple Network Paging Protocol - Version 1(b) A simple protocol for delivering alphanumeric and numeric pages to pagers over the Internet. RFC 2204 ODETTE-FTP ODETTE File Transfer Protocol The file transfer protocol for electronic data interchange in the automotive supply chain. RFC 2604 OTASP/OTAPA via ACAP Wireless Device Configuration (OTASP/OTAPA) via ACAP Over-the-air provisioning of wireless phones using ACAP. RFC 2639 IPP/1.0 Impl. Guide Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Implementer's Guide Practical guidance for implementing IPP/1.0 clients and servers with error-checking procedures RFC 3570 Content Internetworking (CDI) Scenarios How content networks interconnect to serve users faster and more reliably RFC 3603 Private Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Proxy-to-Proxy Extensions for Supporting the PacketCable Distributed Call Signaling Architecture Private header extensions for trusted SIP proxies to exchange customer and billing information. RFC 3712 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Schema for Printer Services Directory schema for describing printer devices and their capabilities. RFC 6044 Mapping and Interworking of Diversion Information between Diversion and History-Info Headers in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) How to translate call-forwarding history between SIP's widely deployed Diversion header and the standard History-Info header. RFC 7329 SIP Session-ID A Session Identifier for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) A shared identifier for a SIP session that survives proxies and back-to-back user agents, built for troubleshooting. RFC 3375 Registry-registrar reqs Generic Registry-Registrar Protocol Requirements High-level functional requirements for domain name registration systems. RFC 4645 Language subtag registry Initial Language Subtag Registry The IANA registry that provides unique codes for identifying languages, scripts, and regions. RFC 5341 tel URI Parameters The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) tel Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Parameter Registry A standard registry for the settings used in telephone-number links. RFC 6623 MEDIACTRL IVR Registry IANA Registry for MEDIACTRL Interactive Voice Response Control Package A short IANA registry that gives the voice-menu control protocol's response codes an official home. RFC 6878 IANA Registry for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) "Priority" Header Field Creates an IANA registry for the values of the SIP Priority header field. RFC 7621 SIP GRUU Events A Clarification on the Use of Globally Routable User Agent URIs (GRUUs) in the SIP Event Notification Framework A short fix that spells out when a SIP notifier must use a GRUU as its local target. RFC 7647 Clarifications for the Use of REFER with RFC 6665 Spells out how SIP call-transfer REFER requests must change now that the SIP event framework requires GRUUs. RFC 9036 LoST Profiles Registry Changing the Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Location Profiles Registry Policy The LoST location profiles registry now takes Specification Required, so bodies like NENA can add values. RFC 1159 Message Send Protocol Message Send Protocol A lightweight way to flash short messages between computers on the Internet. RFC 3383 LDAP IANA considerations Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Considerations for the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Rules for registering new LDAP extensions, attributes, and protocol elements with IANA. RFC 88 NETRJS NETRJS: A third level protocol for Remote Job Entry A way for remote users to run batch jobs on a distant computer. RFC 731 Telnet Data Entry Terminal option A Telnet option for data entry form terminals RFC 1050 Sun RPC RPC: Remote Procedure Call Protocol specification The message protocol for calling functions in remote computers RFC 1942 HTML Tables HTML Tables Structured grids for displaying rows and columns of data. RFC 3239 Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): Requirements for Job, Printer, and Device Administrative Operations Administrative operations needed to manage printers and print jobs over the Internet RFC 4375 ETS Requirements Emergency Telecommunications Services (ETS) Requirements for a Single Administrative Domain What a network needs to prioritize emergency calls during overload. RFC 4569 Message feature tag Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) Registration of the Message Media Feature Tag Registering the message media feature tag with IANA for SIP. RFC 5457 IAX2 IANA IANA Considerations for IAX: Inter-Asterisk eXchange Version 2 Registries and code assignments for the IAX VoIP protocol RFC 5645 Language subtag update Update to the Language Subtag Registry Adding thousands of language subtags to the international registry RFC 9423 CoRE Target Attributes Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE) Target Attributes Registry A registry for names that describe links in constrained IoT systems. RFC 909 LDP Loader Debugger Protocol Remote machine loading, debugging, and control over the network. RFC 1143 Telnet Q Method The Q Method of Implementing TELNET Option Negotiation A practical approach to prevent infinite loops in TELNET option negotiation. RFC 1235 CFDP Coherent File Distribution Protocol Broadcast file distribution to reduce load when sending one file to many clients. RFC 1608 Representing IP Information in the X.500 Directory A schema for storing IP networks and addresses in a directory service. RFC 1756 Remote Write Protocol Remote Write Protocol - Version 1.0 A lightweight network protocol for delivering short interactive messages between users. RFC 1804 Schema Publishing in X.500 Directory Storing directory schema inside the X.500 Directory itself using a standard naming scheme. RFC 2066 Telnet Charset TELNET CHARSET Option Letting TELNET clients and servers agree on what alphabet to use RFC 2090 TFTP Multicast TFTP Multicast Option Multiple clients downloading the same file at once using multicast RFC 2120 Managing the X.500 Root Naming Context Using X.500 standard protocols to manage the root of the directory tree RFC 2217 Telnet COM Port Telnet Com Port Control Option Remote control of serial ports on network access servers. RFC 2343 RTP Payload Format for Bundled MPEG Packaging MPEG-2 video and audio together in one RTP stream. RFC 2656 SOIF Template Registry Registration Procedures for SOIF Template Types A registry system for templates that describe objects in search systems. RFC 2657 LDAPv2 and Index Mesh LDAPv2 Client vs. the Index Mesh Bridging old LDAP clients to a referral-aware index mesh. RFC 3088 OpenLDAP Root Service An experimental LDAP referral service An LDAP referral service that uses DNS to locate directory servers. RFC 3421 SLP select and sort Select and Sort Extensions for the Service Location Protocol (SLP) Ask SLP servers to limit and sort the list of matching services, not just return everything. RFC 4324 CAP Calendar Access Protocol (CAP) A protocol for calendar applications to store and retrieve calendar information on remote servers. RFC 4533 LDAP Content Sync The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Content Synchronization Operation Keeping a directory copy up-to-date by polling or listening for changes. RFC 4707 Netnews Administration Netnews Administration System (NAS) An experimental directory service telling news servers, admins and readers which Usenet newsgroups and hierarchies exist and their state. RFC 4946 Atom License Atom License Extension Adding licensing information to feeds and individual entries RFC 5573 BEEP async channels Asynchronous Channels for the Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol (BEEP) Independent request handling within a single BEEP communication channel. RFC 5805 LDAP Transactions Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Transactions Group multiple LDAP updates into a single atomic operation RFC 6197 LoST extension Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Service List Boundary Extension Tells clients the geographic limits of available services to avoid missing new options. RFC 6451 LoST extensions Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Protocol Extensions Extend location-to-service lookup to answer 'what's nearest?' and 'who serves here?' questions. RFC 6968 FCAST FCAST: Object Delivery for the Asynchronous Layered Coding (ALC) and NACK-Oriented Reliable Multicast (NORM) Protocols Reliably delivering files to many receivers at once using multicast protocols RFC 7046 A Common API for Transparent Hybrid Multicast A single API that lets applications use whatever multicast is available, without rewriting code. RFC 7566 ENUM acct Enumservice Registration for 'acct' URI Map telephone numbers to online account identifiers using DNS. RFC 3998 IPP Admin Operations Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): Job and Printer Administrative Operations Sixteen optional operator commands for IPP printers, from pausing and holding to reordering jobs, plus a way to chain printers into trees. RFC 4414 IRIS ENUM An ENUM Registry Type for the Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS) An XML schema that lets IRIS servers answer questions about ENUM domains, their contacts, name servers and the parties around them. RFC 4698 IRIS areg IRIS: An Address Registry (areg) Type for the Internet Registry Information Service How address registries describe networks, AS numbers, contacts and organizations in IRIS, with queries to find them. RFC 5144 IRIS DCHK A Domain Availability Check (DCHK) Registry Type for the Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS) A lightweight IRIS service for asking whether a domain name is available, built as a strict subset of the DREG data model. RFC 5478 SIP Resource-Priority IANA Registration of New Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Resource-Priority Namespaces Forty new SIP Resource-Priority namespaces, registered with IANA for the US Defense Information Systems Agency. RFC 6466 SDP image media type IANA Registration of the 'image' Media Type for the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Registering 'image' as a top-level media type for session descriptions. RFC 6336 ICE Options IANA Registry for Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) Options Creating a registry for Interactive Connectivity Establishment options. RFC 3504 IOTP errata Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP) Version 1, Errata Corrections to the Internet Open Trading Protocol version 1.0 specification. RFC 4958 ETS Framework A Framework for Supporting Emergency Telecommunications Services (ETS) within a Single Administrative Domain A survey of existing protocols that could help give emergency traffic better service inside one network. RFC 6315 Enumservice iax IANA Registration for Enumservice 'iax' Registering 'iax' so a telephone number can point to an Inter-Asterisk eXchange endpoint. RFC 2886 Megaco errata Megaco Errata Corrections and clarifications to the Megaco protocol specification. RFC 3663 Domain Administrative Data in Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Using LDAP as a directory service for domain registration data. RFC 76 Connection by name: User oriented protocol A proposal for a user-friendly way to connect to network services by name instead of number. RFC 103 Implementation of Interrupt Keys How to interrupt a remote process in the early network RFC 126 Graphics Facilities at Ames Research Center Graphics equipment and device-independent software at NASA Ames RFC 150 Use of IPC Facilities: A Working Paper The hidden requirements for programs to talk to each other reliably RFC 162 NETBUGGER3 NETBUGGER3 A tool for testing network protocols when the remote system is not yet operational. RFC 174 UCLA - Computer Science Graphics Overview Snapshot of 1971 graphics hardware and software at UCLA. RFC 180 File system questionnaire Survey of file system conventions across ARPANET sites. RFC 184 Proposed graphic display modes Display modes for computer graphics over the ARPANET. RFC 186 Network graphics loader Remote access to the Evans and Sutherland graphics display via ARPANET. RFC 187 Network/440 Protocol Concept IBM's design philosophy for computer networks and protocols. RFC 191 Graphics implementation and conceptualization at Augmentation Research Center How the Augmentation Research Center put graphics displays to work. RFC 192 Some factors which a Network Graphics Protocol must consider What network graphics protocols need to handle for real interactive systems. RFC 199 Suggestions for a Network Data-Tablet Graphics Protocol How drawing tablets should work over the network RFC 205 NETCRT NETCRT - a character display protocol Virtual display terminal protocol for remote interactive systems RFC 250 Some thoughts on file transfer Implementation feedback on the proposed Data and File Transfer Protocols RFC 559 Telnet Comments on The New Telnet Protocol and its Implementation Implementation experience with the new Telnet protocol RFC 571 FTP TENEX FTP PROBLEM A warning about line ending problems in Tenex. RFC 573 FTP DATA AND FILE TRANSFER - SOME MEASUREMENT RESULTS Measurements of file transfer speeds and reliability over the ARPANET. RFC 578 Using MIT-Mathlab MACSYMA from MIT-DMS Muddle Using MACSYMA algebra system from MUDDLE, transparent to the user. RFC 587 Telnet Announcing New Telnet Options Two new options let Telnet sessions agree on display size RFC 589 CCN NETRJS server messages to remote user A reference for error messages from the CCN remote job entry service RFC 593 Telnet Telnet and FTP implementation schedule change A revised schedule for switching to a new version of the remote-login protocol. RFC 595 Telnet Second thoughts in defense of the Telnet Go-Ahead A defense of the Telnet Go-Ahead signal as practical for line-at-a-time systems. RFC 629 Scenario for using the Network Journal A way to mail messages and files through the ARPANET and have them journalized. RFC 652 Telnet Telnet output carriage-return disposition option Negotiating how to handle carriage-return characters in Telnet output RFC 666 Specification of the Unified User-Level Protocol A common command language so users could work across different ARPANET servers with one set of commands RFC 719 Discussion on RCTE Notes on implementing the RCTE Telnet feature from RFC 718. RFC 725 RJE protocol for a resource sharing network A flexible protocol for submitting batch jobs to remote computers over a network. RFC 728 Minor pitfall in the Telnet Protocol A warning about Telnet option interaction with the sync sequence. RFC 738 Time Server Time server A simple protocol for hosts to synchronize their clocks over the network RFC 748 Telnet randomly-lose option An April 1st joke proposing a Telnet option to lose data randomly RFC 782 Virtual Terminal management model An architectural model for managing different kinds of terminals in a unified way. RFC 809 UCL facsimile system A computerized facsimile system for sending and manipulating document images over networks. RFC 818 Remote User Telnet service A way for hosts with limited resources to provide remote terminal access via a well-known port. RFC 913 SFTP (simple) Simple File Transfer Protocol A middle-ground file transfer protocol between TFTP and FTP RFC 949 FTP STOU FTP unique-named store command Upload files with server-generated unique names in FTP. RFC 1013 X11 protocol X Window System Protocol, version 11: Alpha update April 1987 Client-server protocol for the X Window System to draw windows and handle input over the network. RFC 1053 Telnet X.3 PAD Telnet X.3 PAD option A Telnet option for controlling packet assembly and disassembly on X.25 networks. RFC 1068 BFTP Background File Transfer Program (BFTP) Asynchronous file transfers with automatic retries and email notification. RFC 1097 Telnet Subliminal Telnet subliminal-message option An April Fools' joke about hiding secret messages in Telnet sessions. RFC 1314 A File Format for the Exchange of Images in the Internet TIFF-B format for exchanging black and white documents and fax images RFC 1415 FTP-FTAM gateway FTP-FTAM Gateway Specification A gateway that translates file transfer requests between FTP and the OSI standard FTAM protocol. RFC 2310 Safe response header The Safe Response Header Field Telling browsers when it is safe to retry an HTTP request. RFC 3342 APEX options The Application Exchange (APEX) Option Party Pack, Part Deux! Advanced options for controlling message timing, queuing, and loop detection in APEX. RFC 3343 APEX presence service The Application Exchange (APEX) Presence Service How APEX endpoints share whether they are reachable RFC 4612 audio/t38 type Real-Time Facsimile (T.38) - audio/t38 MIME Sub-type Registration The official MIME type for real-time fax over RTP.