Telnet output horizontal tab disposition option
Deciding who handles horizontal tab characters in Telnet output.
Crocker, D., "Telnet output horizontal tab disposition option", RFC 654, DOI 10.17487/RFC0654, October 1974, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc654>.
@misc{rfc654,
series = {Request for Comments},
number = 654,
howpublished = {RFC 654},
publisher = {RFC Editor},
doi = {10.17487/RFC0654},
url = {https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc654},
author = {D. Crocker},
title = {{Telnet output horizontal tab disposition option}},
pagetotal = 1,
year = 1974,
month = oct,
} RFC text
Contents
TELNET OUTPUT HORIZONTAL TAB DISPOSITION OPTION
RFC 654, NIC 31157 (Oct. 25, 1974)
D. Crocker (UCLA-NMC)
Online file: [ISI]<DCROCKER>NAOHTD.TXT
TELNET OUTPUT HORIZONTAL TAB DISPOSITION OPTION
1. Command name and code
NAOHTD 12
(Negotiate About Output Horizontal Tab Disposition)
2. Command meanings
In the following, we are discussing a simplex connection, as described in
the NAOL and NAOP Telnet options.
IAC DO NAOHTD
The data sender requests or agrees to negotiate about output
horizontal tab character disposition with the data receiver. In the
case where agreement has been reached and in the absence of further
subnegotiations, the data receiver is assumed to be handling output
horizontal tab character considerations.
IAC DON'T NAOHTD
The data sender refuses to negotiate about output horizontal tab
characters with the data receiver, or demands a return to the
unnegotiated default mode.
IAC WILL NAOHTD
The data receiver requests or agrees to negotiate about output
horizontal tab characters with the sender. In the case where
agreement has been reached and in the absence of further
subnegotiations, the data receiver alone is assumed to be handling
output horizontal tab character considerations.
IAC WON'T NAOHTD
The data receiver refuses to negotiate about output horizontal tab
characters, or demands a return to the unnegotiated default mode.
IAC SB NAOHTD DS <8-bit value> IAC SE
The data sender specifies, with the 8-bit value, which party should
handle output horizontal tab characters and what their disposition
should be. The code for DS is 1.
IAC SB NAOHTD DR <8-bit value> IAC SE
The data receiver specifies, with the 8-bit value, which party
should handle output horizontal tab characters and what their
disposition should be. The code for DR is 0.
3. Default
DON'T NAOHTD/WON'T NAOHTD.
In the default absence of negotiations concerning which party, data
sender or data receiver, is handling output horizontal tab character
considerations, neither party is required to handle horizontal tab
characters and neither party is prohibited from handling them; but it
is appropriate if at least the data receiver handles horizontal tab
character considerations, albeit primitively.
4. Motivation for the Option
Please refer to section 4 of the NAOL and of the NAOP Telnet option
descriptions.
5. Description of the Option
The data sender and the data receiver use the 8-bit value along with the
DS and DR SB commands as follows:
8-bit value Meaning
0 Command sender suggests that he alone will handle
horizontal tab characters, for the connection.
1 to 250 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
should handle horizontal tab characters, but
suggests that a delay of the indicated value be
used. The value is the number of character-times
to wait or number of NULs to insert in the data
stream before sending the next data character.
251 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
handle horizontal tabs, but suggests that each
occurrence of the character be replaced by a space.
252 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
handle horizontal tabs, but suggests that they be
discarded.
253 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
should handle horizontal tab characters, but
suggests that tabbing be simulated.
254 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
should handle horizontal tab characters, but
suggests that waiting for a character to be
transmitted (on the other simplex connection)
before sending more data. Note that, due to the
assynchrony of the two simplex connections, phase
problems can occur with this option.
255 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
should handle output horizontal tabs and suggests
nothing about how it should be done.
The guiding rules are that:
1) if neither data receiver nor data sender wants to handle output
horizontal tab characters, the data receiver must do it, and
2) if both data receiver and data sender wants to handle output
horizontal tab characters, the data sender gets to do it.
The reasoning for the former rule is that if neither wants to do it, then
the default in the NAOHTD option dominates. If both want to do it, the
sender, who is presumed to have special knowledge about the data, should
be allowed to do it, taking into account any suggestions the receiver may
make. Simulation is defined as the replacement of the horizontal tab
character by enough spaces to move the printer head (or line-pointer) to
the next horizontal tab stop.
Note that delays, controlled by the data sender, must consist of NUL
characters inserted immediately after the horizontal tab character. This
is necessary due to the assynchrony of network transmissions. As with
all option negotiations, neither party should suggest a state already in
effect except to refuse to negotiate; changes should be acknowledged; and
once refused, an option should not be resuggested until "something
changes" (e.g., another process starts). At any time, either party can
disable further negotiation by giving the appropriate WON'T NAOHTD or
DON'T NAOHTD command.
AI ELI5
On this page
§1The Telnet Tab Character Disposition Option
RFC 654 defines the NAOHTD option (Negotiate About Output Horizontal Tab Disposition), a Telnet option for handling the horizontal tab character (ASCII 9) when it appears in output. Unlike RFC 653, which specifies where tabs land, this RFC specifies what happens to a tab character: whether it is sent as-is, replaced with spaces, discarded, or treated some other way. Different terminals and systems handle tabs differently, so negotiation is needed.
Computers need to agree: when a Tab character arrives, what should happen—send it to the printer, turn it into spaces, skip it, or pause after it?
§2Tab Disposition Strategies
The option defines eight strategies, encoded as values 0 to 255 in subnegotiation messages. A value of 0 means the sender will handle the tab (process it itself). Values 1 to 250 mean the receiver should handle it, with a delay (the value is the number of NUL characters to insert after the tab to slow output). Value 251 means replace the tab with a space. Value 252 means discard the tab entirely. Value 253 means simulate the tab by calculating the next tab stop and inserting spaces to reach it. Value 254 means wait for a character on the opposite connection before continuing (a flow-control technique). Value 255 means the receiver should handle it but with no specific instruction.
The key rule: if both sides want to handle tabs, the sender wins. If neither wants to, the receiver must.
The option has eight choices: 0 means I will handle it; 1-250 means handle it and wait that long; 251 means turn it into a space; 252 means delete it; 253 means simulate it with spaces; 254 means wait for a reply first; 255 means you handle it your way.
§3Choosing and Applying the Disposition
The negotiation process mirrors RFC 653: both sides exchange DO, WILL, DON'T, and WON'T commands, then use subnegotiation (IAC SB) to propose a value. The sender uses code DS (1) and the receiver uses code DR (0). Once agreement is reached on a disposition, all tab characters are handled that way until one side requests a change or refuses negotiation. The RFC notes that for delay-based methods, the delay is implemented by inserting NUL bytes (null characters) immediately after the tab to slow the network transmission.
Both sides negotiate using the standard Telnet commands, agree on a disposition value, and then apply it to every Tab that arrives until they negotiate again.