Telnet output formfeed disposition option
Negotiating how to handle formfeed characters in Telnet output.
Crocker, D., "Telnet output formfeed disposition option", RFC 655, DOI 10.17487/RFC0655, October 1974, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc655>.
@misc{rfc655,
series = {Request for Comments},
number = 655,
howpublished = {RFC 655},
publisher = {RFC Editor},
doi = {10.17487/RFC0655},
url = {https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc655},
author = {D. Crocker},
title = {{Telnet output formfeed disposition option}},
pagetotal = 1,
year = 1974,
month = oct,
} RFC text
Contents
TELNET OUTPUT FORMFEED DISPOSITION OPTION
RFC 655, NIC 31158 (Oct. 25, 1974)
D. Crocker (UCLA-NMC)
Online file: [ISI]<DCROCKER>NAOFFD.TXT
TELNET OUTPUT FORMFEED DISPOSITION OPTION
1. Command name and code
NAOFFD - 13
(Negotiate About Output Formfeed Disposition)
2. Command meanings
In the following, we are discussing a simplex connection, as described in
the NAOL and NAOP Telnet Options specifications.
IAC DO NAOFFD
The data sender requests or agrees to negotiate about output
formfeed disposition with the data receiver. In the case
where agreement has been reached and in the absence of
further subnegotiations, the data receiver is assumed to be
handling output formfeeds.
IAC DON'T NAOFFD
The data sender refuses to negotiate about output formfeed
disposition with the data receiver, or demands a return to
the unnegotiated default mode.
IAC WILL NAOFFD
The data receiver requests or agrees to negotiate about
output formfeed disposition with the sender. In the case
where agreement has been reached and in the absence of
further subnegotiations, the data receiver alone is assumed
to be handling output formfeeds.
IAC WON'T NAOFFD
The data receiver refuses to negotiate about output formfeed
disposition, or demands a return to the unnegotiated default
mode.
IAC SB NAOFFD DS <8-bit value> IAC SE
The data sender specifies, with the 8-bit value, which party
should handle formfeeds and what their disposition should be.
The code for DS is 1.
IAC SB NAOFFD DR <8-bit value> IAC SE
The data receiver specifies, with the 8-bit value, which
party should handle formfeeds and what their disposition
should be. The code for DR is 0.
3. Default
DON'T NAOFFD/WON'T NAOFFD
In the default absence of negotiations concerning which party, data
sender or data receiver, is handling output formfeeds, neither party
is required to handle formfeeds and neither party is prohibited from
handling them; but it is appropriate if at least the data receiver
handles formfeed considerations, albeit primitively.
4. Motivation for the Option
Please refer to section 4 of the NAOL and of the NAOFFD Telnet option
descriptions.
5. Description of the Option
The data sender and the data receiver use the 8-bit value along with the
DS and DR SB commands as follows:
8-bit value Meaning
0 Command sender suggests that he alone will handle
formfeeds, for the connection.
1 to 250 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
should handle formfeeds, but suggests that the
indicated value be used. The value is the number
of character-times to wait or number of NULs to
insert in the data stream before sending the next
data character.
251 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
handle formfeeds, but suggests that each
occurrence of the character be replaced by
carriage-return/line-feed.
252 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
handle formfeeds, but suggests that they be
discarded.
253 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
should handle formfeeds, but suggests that
formfeeds be simulated.
254 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
should handle output formfeeds but suggests
waiting for a character to be transmitted (on the
other simplex connection) before sending more
data. Note that, due to the assynchrony of the two
simplex connections, phase problems can occur with
this option.
255 Command sender suggests that the other party alone
should handle output formfeeds and suggests
nothing about how it should be done.
The guiding rules are that:
1) if neither data receiver nor data sender wants to handle output
formfeeds, the data receiver must do it, and
2) if both data receiver and data sender want to handle output
formfeeds, the data sender gets to do it.
The reasoning for the former rule is that if neither wants to do
it, then the default in the NAOFFD option dominates. If both want
to do it, the sender, who is presumed to have special knowledge
about the data, should be allowed to do it, taking into account any
suggestions the receiver may make. Simulation is defined as the
replacement of the formfeed character by enough line-feeds (only)
to advance the paper (or line-pointer) to the top of the next page
(or to the top of the terminal screen). Note that delays,
controlled by the data sender, must consist of NUL characters
inserted immediately after the formfeed character. This is
necessary due to the assynchrony of network transmission. As with
all option negotiations, neither party should suggest a state
already in effect except to refuse to negotiate; changes should be
acknowledged; and once refused, an option should not be resuggested
until "something changes" (e.g., another process starts). At any
time, either party can disable further negotiation by giving the
appropriate WON'T NAOFFD or DON'T NAOFFD command.
AI ELI5
On this page
§1The Telnet Formfeed Disposition Option
RFC 655 defines the NAOFFD option (Negotiate About Output Formfeed Disposition), a Telnet option for handling the formfeed character when it appears in output. On old printers and terminals, a formfeed (ASCII 12) means "advance to the top of the next page" or "clear the screen." Different systems interpret formfeed differently, so the two ends of a Telnet connection need to negotiate how it will be handled.
Formfeed is the signal for a new page or a clear screen. This option lets two computers agree on what to do with it.
§2Formfeed Disposition Strategies
Like RFC 654, this option defines eight strategies, encoded as values 0 to 255. A value of 0 means the sender will handle the formfeed. Values 1 to 250 mean the receiver should handle it with a delay (the value is the number of NUL characters to insert after the formfeed). Value 251 means replace the formfeed with carriage-return/line-feed. Value 252 means discard the formfeed entirely. Value 253 means simulate the formfeed by inserting enough line-feeds to reach the top of the next page. Value 254 means wait for a character on the opposite connection. Value 255 means the receiver should decide.
The guiding principle is that if both sides want to handle formfeeds, the sender wins. If neither wants to, the receiver must handle it.
There are eight choices: I will handle it (0); you handle it with a delay (1-250); replace with line-feeds (251); discard (252); simulate it (253); wait for the other direction (254); or you decide (255).
§3The Negotiation Process
The negotiation uses the standard Telnet option protocol. Both sides exchange DO/WILL and DON'T/WON'T commands to agree on whether to negotiate. Once agreed, they use subnegotiation (IAC SB NAOFFD DS or IAC SB NAOFFD DR) to propose their preferred disposition value. The data sender uses code DS (1) and the receiver uses code DR (0). Once both sides agree, the chosen strategy is applied to every formfeed character until renegotiation.
The two computers use standard Telnet negotiation commands, agree on a formfeed strategy, and then apply it to every formfeed character.