RFC 655 HISTORIC TELNET · FORMATTING

Telnet output formfeed disposition option

Negotiating how to handle formfeed characters in Telnet output.

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PUBLISHED
October 1974
AUTHORS
D. Crocker
STREAM
Legacy
OPTION CODE
13
SUBNEGOTIATION CODES
DS = 1 (sender), DR = 0 (receiver)
DISPOSITION VALUE RANGE
0 to 255
DOI
10.17487/RFC0655

RFC text

Contents
Original text · RFC Editor View on rfc-editor.org ↗
TELNET OUTPUT FORMFEED DISPOSITION OPTION
RFC 655, NIC 31158 (Oct. 25, 1974)
D. Crocker (UCLA-NMC)
Online file: [ISI]<DCROCKER>NAOFFD.TXT

              TELNET OUTPUT FORMFEED DISPOSITION OPTION

1. Command name and code
   NAOFFD - 13
      (Negotiate About Output Formfeed Disposition)

2. Command meanings
   In the following, we are discussing a simplex connection, as described in
   the NAOL and NAOP Telnet Options specifications.
      IAC DO NAOFFD
         The data sender requests or agrees to negotiate about output
         formfeed disposition with the data receiver.  In the case
         where agreement has been reached and in the absence of
         further subnegotiations, the data receiver is assumed to be
         handling output formfeeds.
      IAC DON'T NAOFFD
         The data sender refuses to negotiate about output formfeed
         disposition with the data receiver, or demands a return to
         the unnegotiated default mode.
      IAC WILL NAOFFD
         The data receiver requests or agrees to negotiate about
         output formfeed disposition with the sender.  In the case
         where agreement has been reached and in the absence of
         further subnegotiations, the data receiver alone is assumed
         to be handling output formfeeds.
      IAC WON'T NAOFFD
         The data receiver refuses to negotiate about output formfeed
         disposition, or demands a return to the unnegotiated default
         mode.
      IAC SB NAOFFD DS <8-bit value> IAC SE
         The data sender specifies, with the 8-bit value, which party
         should handle formfeeds and what their disposition should be.
         The code for DS is 1.
      IAC SB NAOFFD DR <8-bit value> IAC SE
         The data receiver specifies, with the 8-bit value, which
         party should handle formfeeds and what their disposition
         should be.  The code for DR is 0.

3. Default
   DON'T NAOFFD/WON'T NAOFFD
      In the default absence of negotiations concerning which party, data
      sender or data receiver, is handling output formfeeds, neither party
      is required to handle formfeeds and neither party is prohibited from
      handling them; but it is appropriate if at least the data receiver
      handles formfeed considerations, albeit primitively.

4. Motivation for the Option
   Please refer to section 4 of the NAOL and of the NAOFFD Telnet option
   descriptions.

5. Description of the Option
   The data sender and the data receiver use the 8-bit value along with the
   DS and DR SB commands as follows:

      8-bit value                      Meaning

      0            Command sender suggests that he alone will handle
                   formfeeds, for the connection.
      1 to 250     Command sender suggests that the other party alone
                   should handle formfeeds, but suggests that the
                   indicated value be used.  The value is the number
                   of character-times to wait or number of NULs to
                   insert in the data stream before sending the next
                   data character.
      251          Command sender suggests that the other party alone
                   handle formfeeds, but suggests that each
                   occurrence of the character be replaced by
                   carriage-return/line-feed.
      252          Command sender suggests that the other party alone
                   handle formfeeds, but suggests that they be
                   discarded.
      253          Command sender suggests that the other party alone
                   should handle formfeeds, but suggests that
                   formfeeds be simulated.
      254          Command sender suggests that the other party alone
                   should handle output formfeeds but suggests
                   waiting for a character to be transmitted (on the
                   other simplex connection) before sending more
                   data. Note that, due to the assynchrony of the two
                   simplex connections, phase problems can occur with
                   this option.
      255          Command sender suggests that the other party alone
                   should handle output formfeeds and suggests
                   nothing about how it should be done.

   The guiding rules are that:

      1) if neither data receiver nor data sender wants to handle output
      formfeeds, the data receiver must do it, and
      2) if both data receiver and data sender want to handle output
      formfeeds, the data sender gets to do it.

   The reasoning for the former rule is that if neither wants to do
   it, then the default in the NAOFFD option dominates.  If both want
   to do it, the sender, who is presumed to have special knowledge
   about the data, should be allowed to do it, taking into account any
   suggestions the receiver may make.  Simulation is defined as the
   replacement of the formfeed character by enough line-feeds (only)
   to advance the paper (or line-pointer) to the top of the next page
   (or to the top of the terminal screen).  Note that delays,
   controlled by the data sender, must consist of NUL characters
   inserted immediately after the formfeed character.  This is
   necessary due to the assynchrony of network transmission.  As with
   all option negotiations, neither party should suggest a state
   already in effect except to refuse to negotiate; changes should be
   acknowledged; and once refused, an option should not be resuggested
   until "something changes" (e.g., another process starts).  At any
   time, either party can disable further negotiation by giving the
   appropriate WON'T NAOFFD or DON'T NAOFFD command.

AI ELI5

On this page
PROBLEMA formfeed character (ASCII 12) tells a printer or terminal to advance to a new page or clear the screen. When sent over Telnet, the two sides need to agree on how it is handled.
MECHANISMThe option follows the same pattern as the horizontal tab disposition option (RFC 654): the sender and receiver negotiate via Telnet commands, choosing from eight strategies—pass it through, replace it with line-feeds, discard it, simulate it, delay after it, or wait for a response.
HISTORICBoth sides know how formfeed characters will be processed. The RFC is Historic and formfeed is rarely used in modern systems.

§1The Telnet Formfeed Disposition Option

RFC 655 defines the NAOFFD option (Negotiate About Output Formfeed Disposition), a Telnet option for handling the formfeed character when it appears in output. On old printers and terminals, a formfeed (ASCII 12) means "advance to the top of the next page" or "clear the screen." Different systems interpret formfeed differently, so the two ends of a Telnet connection need to negotiate how it will be handled.

Formfeed is the signal for a new page or a clear screen. This option lets two computers agree on what to do with it.

§2Formfeed Disposition Strategies

Like RFC 654, this option defines eight strategies, encoded as values 0 to 255. A value of 0 means the sender will handle the formfeed. Values 1 to 250 mean the receiver should handle it with a delay (the value is the number of NUL characters to insert after the formfeed). Value 251 means replace the formfeed with carriage-return/line-feed. Value 252 means discard the formfeed entirely. Value 253 means simulate the formfeed by inserting enough line-feeds to reach the top of the next page. Value 254 means wait for a character on the opposite connection. Value 255 means the receiver should decide.

The guiding principle is that if both sides want to handle formfeeds, the sender wins. If neither wants to, the receiver must handle it.

There are eight choices: I will handle it (0); you handle it with a delay (1-250); replace with line-feeds (251); discard (252); simulate it (253); wait for the other direction (254); or you decide (255).

§3The Negotiation Process

The negotiation uses the standard Telnet option protocol. Both sides exchange DO/WILL and DON'T/WON'T commands to agree on whether to negotiate. Once agreed, they use subnegotiation (IAC SB NAOFFD DS or IAC SB NAOFFD DR) to propose their preferred disposition value. The data sender uses code DS (1) and the receiver uses code DR (0). Once both sides agree, the chosen strategy is applied to every formfeed character until renegotiation.

The two computers use standard Telnet negotiation commands, agree on a formfeed strategy, and then apply it to every formfeed character.

§4References