Areas / Core Protocols

Core Protocols

IP, ICMP, ARP and the link-layer glue everything else rides on.

948 RFCs · 948 with AI ELI5 · 0 summaries · 0 index pages

With AI ELI5 948

RFC 1122 Host Requirements Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Communication Layers The definitive requirements specification for Internet host software implementations RFC 791 IPv4 Internet Protocol The foundational network layer protocol that routes packets across the global Internet RFC 1123 Host Requirements (Apps) Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Application and Support The rulebook for the application-layer software every Internet host must run: Telnet, FTP, TFTP, mail, DNS and start-up. RFC 4861 IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6) How IPv6 nodes find routers, resolve neighbors’ link addresses and notice when a neighbor goes quiet. RFC 792 ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol The error-reporting and diagnostic protocol that keeps the Internet running RFC 826 ARP An Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol Mapping IP addresses to hardware MAC addresses on local area networks RFC 768 UDP User Datagram Protocol The simplest transport protocol: connectionless, fast, and minimal overhead RFC 1661 PPP The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) How two machines on a single wire agree on how to talk, who they are, and what to carry. RFC 1112 IP Multicasting (IGMP v1) Host Extensions for IP Multicasting How a host sends to, joins, and reports membership in a group of receivers. RFC 3168 ECN The Addition of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to IP Routers can mark packets to say "slow down" instead of dropping them, using two bits in the IP header and two flags in TCP. RFC 4443 ICMPv6 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification How IPv6 nodes report errors and answer a ping. RFC 8200 IPv6 Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification The next generation Internet Protocol: 128-bit addresses for a connected world. RFC 2132 DHCP Options DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions The catalogue of tagged settings that DHCP and BOOTP carry to a client. RFC 4944 IPv6 over 802.15.4 Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 802.15.4 Networks How to squeeze 1280-byte IPv6 packets onto tiny 127-byte IEEE 802.15.4 radio frames. RFC 950 Subnetting Internet Standard Subnetting Procedure How one network number learned to cover many cables, using a bit mask. RFC 1812 IPv4 Router Requirements Requirements for IP Version 4 Routers The rulebook for what a device must do to forward IPv4 packets, with the corrections and advice that vendors needed. RFC 5213 Proxy Mobile IPv6 Proxy Mobile IPv6 Mobility for IPv6 hosts without the host doing any mobility signaling: the network does it on the host's behalf. RFC 8505 Registration Extensions for IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) Neighbor Discovery Reworks 6LoWPAN Neighbor Discovery so low-power nodes can register addresses simply, safely and while moving. RFC 6775 6LoWPAN-ND Neighbor Discovery Optimization for IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPANs) Trimming IPv6 Neighbor Discovery for battery-powered wireless nodes that sleep, lose links and cannot afford multicast. RFC 2003 IP-in-IP IP Encapsulation within IP How to wrap one IP datagram inside another so it can be steered to a tunnel exit point. RFC 1662 PPP HDLC Framing PPP in HDLC-like Framing How PPP wraps its packets in HDLC-style frames so they can travel over serial and other point-to-point links. RFC 6887 PCP Port Control Protocol (PCP) A protocol that lets a host ask its NAT or firewall to open, keep and report port mappings, instead of guessing or sending constant keepalives. RFC 2464 IPv6 over Ethernet Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks How IPv6 packets ride inside Ethernet frames, and how an Ethernet card gets its IPv6 addresses. RFC 903 · interactive RARP A Reverse Address Resolution Protocol How a diskless workstation learns its own IP address from its hardware address. RFC 4380 Teredo Teredo: Tunneling IPv6 over UDP through Network Address Translations (NATs) How a host behind an IPv4 NAT can reach the IPv6 Internet by wrapping IPv6 packets in UDP. RFC 1042 IP over 802 Standard for the Transmission of IP Datagrams over IEEE 802 Networks The standard recipe for carrying IP datagrams and ARP over Ethernet-style IEEE 802 LANs. RFC 2661 L2TP Layer Two Tunneling Protocol "L2TP" Carry PPP sessions across an IP network by wrapping each frame in a tunnel between an access concentrator and a network server. RFC 6333 DS-Lite Dual-Stack Lite Broadband Deployments Following IPv4 Exhaustion How a broadband provider can run an IPv6-only access network and still share scarce IPv4 addresses among customers. RFC 2608 SLPv2 Service Location Protocol, Version 2 How computers find printers, servers and other network services without being told where they are. RFC 1191 Path MTU Discovery Path MTU Discovery How a sender finds the biggest packet that fits the whole route, without anyone cutting it up. RFC 7401 HIPv2 Host Identity Protocol Version 2 (HIPv2) A key exchange that gives hosts a lasting cryptographic identity, separate from the IP addresses they move between. RFC 3046 DHCP Relay Agent Info DHCP Relay Agent Information Option How a relay agent tags DHCP requests with where they came from, so servers can apply policy and resist spoofing. RFC 2113 IP Router Alert IP Router Alert Option An IP option that tells routers to look more closely at a packet that is not addressed to them. RFC 6282 6LoWPAN compression Compression Format for IPv6 Datagrams over IEEE 802.15.4-Based Networks How IPv6 headers shrink to a few bytes so they fit in tiny 802.15.4 radio frames. RFC 8201 IPv6 PMTUD Path MTU Discovery for IP version 6 How an IPv6 sender learns the biggest packet that fits every link on the way to the destination. RFC 894 IP over Ethernet A Standard for the Transmission of IP Datagrams over Ethernet Networks The standard that married IP to Ethernet, defining how datagrams become frames. RFC 1209 IP over SMDS The Transmission of IP Datagrams over the SMDS Service How to carry IP and ARP over SMDS, a connectionless public data service, when it is set up as a logical IP subnetwork. RFC 2225 Classical IP over ATM Classical IP and ARP over ATM How IP datagrams and address lookups run over an ATM network treated like an ordinary LAN subnet. RFC 4007 IPv6 Scoped Address Architecture How IPv6 addresses that only work within a link are told apart, using zones, zone indices and a % suffix. RFC 2427 Frame Relay Interconnect Multiprotocol Interconnect over Frame Relay How routers and bridges wrap IP and other traffic so it can cross a Frame Relay network. RFC 2711 IPv6 Router Alert IPv6 Router Alert Option A Hop-by-Hop option that tells IPv6 routers a packet deserves a closer look. RFC 1962 PPP CCP The PPP Compression Control Protocol (CCP) How the two ends of a PPP link agree on whether to compress data, and which method to use. RFC 5508 NAT ICMP behavior NAT Behavioral Requirements for ICMP How a NAT should treat ICMP pings, traceroutes and error messages so applications keep working through it. RFC 9915 DHCPv6 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) How an IPv6 device asks a server for addresses, delegated prefixes and other network settings. RFC 919 IP Broadcasting Broadcasting Internet Datagrams Simple rules for sending one IP datagram to every host on a network, and for keeping gateways from looping it forever. RFC 6146 Stateful NAT64 Stateful NAT64: Network Address and Protocol Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers How a NAT64 box lets IPv6-only hosts talk to IPv4 servers by translating packets and sharing IPv4 addresses. RFC 7084 IPv6 CE Router Basic Requirements for IPv6 Customer Edge Routers A baseline checklist of IPv6 features a home or small-office router should support. RFC 8928 AP-ND Address-Protected Neighbor Discovery for Low-Power and Lossy Networks Lets a low-power IPv6 device prove it owns an address, so no other node on the network can steal it. RFC 7757 SIIT EAM Explicit Address Mappings for Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Lets an operator list exact IPv4-to-IPv6 address pairs for stateless translation instead of forcing every IPv6 host into one address format. RFC 6275 Mobile IPv6 Mobility Support in IPv6 How an IPv6 device keeps one permanent address and stays reachable while it moves from network to network. RFC 9171 Bundle Protocol v7 Bundle Protocol Version 7 A store-and-forward protocol that moves data across networks where links are slow, intermittent or absent. RFC 1332 IPCP The PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP) How two ends of a PPP link agree on IP addresses and header compression before any IP traffic flows. RFC 922 Subnet Broadcasting Broadcasting Internet Datagrams in the Presence of Subnets How to address and forward IP broadcasts when a network is split into subnets, using all-ones numbers and Reverse Path Forwarding. RFC 4213 IPv6 Transition Basic Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers Dual stack and configured tunnels: the two basic ways IPv6 hosts and routers stay compatible with IPv4. RFC 1570 PPP LCP PPP LCP Extensions Two new LCP packets and four new options for PPP: identify yourself, announce time left, change the FCS, pad, call back and bundle frames. RFC 3056 6to4 Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds How an IPv6 site can reach other IPv6 sites across plain IPv4, with no tunnel to set up, by hiding the IPv4 address inside the IPv6 prefix. RFC 6052 IPv4/IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators A fixed formula for packing an IPv4 address inside an IPv6 address, and the well-known prefix 64:ff9b::/96 for doing it. RFC 907 HAP Host Access Protocol specification How a host talks to a packet-switched satellite network over its access link: datagrams, streams, groups and link control. RFC 3175 RSVP Aggregation Aggregation of RSVP for IPv4 and IPv6 Reservations How one big RSVP reservation can stand in for thousands of small ones across a transit network. RFC 4361 DHCPv4 Client ID Node-specific Client Identifiers for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Version Four (DHCPv4) How a DHCPv4 client names itself with the same stable DUID and IAID that DHCPv6 uses, instead of its network card's address. RFC 4884 Multi-part ICMP Extended ICMP to Support Multi-Part Messages How ICMP error messages got a length field and an extension structure so they can carry extra information. RFC 4193 Unique Local Addresses Unique Local IPv6 Unicast Addresses A self-assigned, random-looking IPv6 prefix that is globally unique but meant to stay inside a site. RFC 2153 PPP Vendor Extensions A standard slot in PPP's control packets and options where vendors can put private extensions without asking IANA for numbers. RFC 2473 IPv6 Tunneling Generic Packet Tunneling in IPv6 Specification How to wrap any packet inside an IPv6 packet so it can ride a virtual point-to-point link between two nodes. RFC 6973 Privacy Considerations for Internet Protocols How protocol designers can spot privacy threats and weigh mitigations, with a questionnaire for spec authors. RFC 1055 SLIP Nonstandard for transmission of IP datagrams over serial lines: SLIP A tiny framing trick for sending IP packets down a serial line, documented after it was already in wide use. RFC 4388 DHCP Leasequery Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Leasequery How a relay agent asks a DHCPv4 server who holds an address, without broadcasting or adding a new protocol. RFC 5026 MIPv6 Bootstrapping Mobile IPv6 Bootstrapping in Split Scenario How a roaming Mobile IPv6 device can find its Home Agent, get a home address and set up IPsec from almost no stored configuration. RFC 7598 Softwire46 DHCPv6 DHCPv6 Options for Configuration of Softwire Address and Port-Mapped Clients How a DHCPv6 server hands a home router the settings it needs to carry IPv4 over an IPv6-only network. RFC 4338 IP over Fibre Channel Transmission of IPv6, IPv4, and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Packets over Fibre Channel How IPv6, IPv4 and ARP packets ride inside Fibre Channel frames, and how devices there find each other. RFC 5952 IPv6 text format A Recommendation for IPv6 Address Text Representation One canonical way to write an IPv6 address as text, so searches, logs and diffs stop disagreeing. RFC 5568 Fast Handovers for MIPv6 Mobile IPv6 Fast Handovers How a roaming IPv6 device sets up its next router in advance so traffic barely pauses when it moves. RFC 5844 IPv4 for PMIPv6 IPv4 Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Lets a Proxy Mobile IPv6 network give phones an IPv4 address that follows them, and run its own signaling over IPv4 links. RFC 5722 Handling of Overlapping IPv6 Fragments IPv6 fragments must not overlap, because overlap lets an attacker slip past firewalls. RFC 6298 TCP RTO Computing TCP's Retransmission Timer The standard recipe a TCP sender uses to decide how long to wait for an acknowledgment before resending. RFC 7050 Pref64 Discovery Discovery of the IPv6 Prefix Used for IPv6 Address Synthesis How an IPv6-only host asks one well-known DNS name to learn which prefix its network uses to reach IPv4. RFC 1201 IP over ARCNET Transmitting IP traffic over ARCNET networks How IP and ARP datagrams are wrapped, split into fragments and addressed on ARCNET local networks. RFC 2507 IP Header Compression How to shrink IP, TCP and UDP headers to a few octets on slow or lossy point-to-point links, and keep working when packets are lost. RFC 3849 IPv6 Doc Prefix IPv6 Address Prefix Reserved for Documentation The IPv6 prefix 2001:DB8::/32, set aside so examples never point at real networks. RFC 8064 Stable IPv6 IIDs Recommendation on Stable IPv6 Interface Identifiers Why IPv6 devices should stop building their stable addresses from hardware addresses, and what to use instead. RFC 5460 DHCPv6 Bulk Leasequery DHCPv6 Bulk Leasequery How a DHCPv6 relay can pull whole sets of lease and prefix bindings from a server over TCP. RFC 5555 Dual Stack Mobile IPv6 Mobile IPv6 Support for Dual Stack Hosts and Routers How a Mobile IPv6 device can hold IPv4 and IPv6 home addresses and roam over IPv4-only networks, even behind a NAT. RFC 8724 SCHC SCHC: Generic Framework for Static Context Header Compression and Fragmentation How tiny, battery-powered devices shrink IPv6 and UDP headers to a rule number, and split big packets into tiles, without any sync traffic. RFC 1256 ICMP Router Discovery ICMP Router Discovery Messages How hosts find their neighboring routers by listening for ICMP advertisements instead of reading a configuration file. RFC 1990 PPP Multilink The PPP Multilink Protocol (MP) How to split packets across several parallel PPP links, number the pieces and rebuild them in order at the far end. RFC 1071 Internet Checksum Computing the Internet Checksum A collection of tricks for computing the Internet checksum quickly, with worked examples and code for several CPUs. RFC 4191 Router Preferences Default Router Preferences and More-Specific Routes How IPv6 routers can tell hosts which default router to prefer and which routes go where. RFC 4391 IPoIB Transmission of IP over InfiniBand (IPoIB) How IPv4, IPv6 and ARP packets ride over InfiniBand's unreliable datagram mode, and how its multicast and addresses are mapped. RFC 5648 Multiple CoA Multiple Care-of Addresses Registration Lets a Mobile IPv6 device register several care-of addresses at once, one per network connection, and keep them all alive. RFC 6164 IPv6 /127 Links Using 127-Bit IPv6 Prefixes on Inter-Router Links Why router-to-router IPv6 links should use a /127 prefix, and the rules that make it safe. RFC 2467 IPv6 over FDDI Transmission of IPv6 Packets over FDDI Networks How IPv6 packets are framed, addressed and mapped to link-layer addresses on FDDI networks. RFC 5072 IPv6 over PPP IP Version 6 over PPP How two ends of a PPP link agree to carry IPv6, pick interface identifiers and form link-local addresses. RFC 1044 IP over HYPERchannel Internet Protocol on Network System's HYPERchannel: Protocol Specification How to carry IP datagrams, and an ARP variant, over Network Systems Corporation's HYPERchannel high-speed network. RFC 2890 GRE key and sequence Key and Sequence Number Extensions to GRE Two optional GRE header fields that label traffic flows inside a tunnel and keep packets in order. RFC 7597 MAP-E Mapping of Address and Port with Encapsulation (MAP-E) Carry IPv4 across an IPv6 network by encapsulation, with addresses and ports worked out from a formula instead of a lookup table. RFC 4293 IP MIB Management Information Base for the Internet Protocol (IP) One management model for IPv4 and IPv6: the counters, address tables and settings an SNMP manager can read from any IP stack. RFC 7227 DHCPv6 Option Guidelines Guidelines for Creating New DHCPv6 Options Design advice for anyone creating a new DHCPv6 option, so that deployed software can adopt it with little or no new code. RFC 3635 Definitions of Managed Objects for the Ethernet-like Interface Types The SNMP counters and settings that let a network manager watch Ethernet ports from 10 Mb/s up to 10 Gb/s. RFC 2332 NHRP NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP) How a host or router on a non-broadcast network like ATM asks servers for the address of its next hop, so traffic can take a direct shortcut. RFC 5969 6rd IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) -- Protocol Specification How an ISP can hand customers native-looking IPv6 over its existing IPv4 network, with no tunnel state to keep. RFC 6437 IPv6 Flow Label IPv6 Flow Label Specification How hosts and routers should set and treat the 20-bit IPv6 Flow Label so flows can be classified from fixed header fields. RFC 2491 IPv6 over NBMA IPv6 over Non-Broadcast Multiple Access (NBMA) networks An architecture for running IPv6 Neighbor Discovery on networks that cannot broadcast, with optional direct shortcuts. RFC 1755 ATM signaling for IP ATM Signaling Support for IP over ATM How an IP host or router should fill in ATM call setup messages so Classical IP over ATM interoperates. RFC 7596 Lightweight 4over6 Lightweight 4over6: An Extension to the Dual-Stack Lite Architecture Dual-Stack Lite with the address translation moved from the provider's big box into each customer's router. RFC 7844 DHCP Anonymity Profiles Anonymity Profiles for DHCP Clients Guidelines for DHCP and DHCPv6 clients that want to stop leaking identifying details to the networks they visit. RFC 3493 IPv6 sockets API Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6 How the sockets programming interface was extended so applications can use IPv6 addresses, multicast and name lookup. RFC 6269 Issues with IP Address Sharing What breaks, and for whom, when many subscribers share a single public IPv4 address. RFC 7228 Terminology for Constrained-Node Networks Shared vocabulary for tiny, power-limited devices and the networks they form: node classes, energy classes and power strategies. RFC 5944 Mobile IPv4 IP Mobility Support for IPv4, Revised How an IPv4 node keeps its address while moving between networks, with a home agent forwarding its traffic through a tunnel. RFC 7323 TCP High Performance TCP Extensions for High Performance Two TCP options, Window Scale and Timestamps, that keep TCP fast and safe on very fast, long-delay paths. RFC 6398 IP Router Alert IP Router Alert Considerations and Usage Why the IP Router Alert Option is a denial-of-service risk, and where it can safely be used. RFC 5214 ISATAP Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) Treat a site's IPv4 network as the link layer for IPv6, so dual-stack nodes can tunnel to each other automatically. RFC 4877 Mobile IPv6 Operation with IKEv2 and the Revised IPsec Architecture How Mobile IPv6 uses the revised IPsec architecture and IKEv2 to protect signaling between a roaming device and its home agent. RFC 9926 ND prefix registration Prefix Registration for IPv6 Neighbor Discovery How a low-power IPv6 node can register a whole prefix with its neighbor routers, not just single addresses. RFC 2684 Multiprotocol over AAL5 Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 Two ways to carry IP, bridged Ethernet and other network traffic inside ATM's AAL5 frames. RFC 895 IP over Exp. Ethernet Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over experimental Ethernet networks How IP datagrams ride inside frames on the 3-megabit Experimental Ethernet. RFC 1390 IP over FDDI Transmission of IP and ARP over FDDI Networks How IP datagrams and ARP messages are wrapped in LLC/SNAP so they can cross a fiber-optic FDDI ring, and still bridge to Ethernet. RFC 2492 IPv6 over ATM Networks The ATM-specific details for carrying IPv6 packets over permanent and switched ATM circuits. RFC 3203 DHCP FORCERENEW DHCP reconfigure extension Lets a DHCP server tell one client to renew its lease now, instead of waiting to be asked. RFC 3753 Mobility Related Terminology A shared dictionary of terms for IP mobility: access networks, handovers, paging, ad-hoc networks and mobility security. RFC 4429 Optimistic DAD Optimistic Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) for IPv6 Lets an IPv6 host start using a new address right away while it checks for duplicates in the background. RFC 5121 IPv6 over 802.16 Transmission of IPv6 via the IPv6 Convergence Sublayer over IEEE 802.16 Networks How IPv6 hosts talk over an 802.16 wireless broadband link, one point-to-point link per host. RFC 5177 NEMO for Mobile IPv4 Network Mobility (NEMO) Extensions for Mobile IPv4 How a Mobile IPv4 router can carry a whole moving subnet with it and keep every device behind it reachable. RFC 5640 Softwire mesh LB Load-Balancing for Mesh Softwires A small BGP extension that lets core routers spread tunneled traffic over equal-cost paths. RFC 1663 PPP Reliable PPP Reliable Transmission How PPP can switch a serial link from best-effort frames to numbered, acknowledged ones. RFC 2004 Minimal Encapsulation Minimal Encapsulation within IP A lighter IP tunnel that inserts a small forwarding header instead of wrapping a whole second IP header. RFC 2609 SLP Service Templates Service Templates and Service: Schemes A formal template format for describing new service types and their attributes in service: URLs. RFC 4283 MIPv6 node identifier Mobile Node Identifier Option for Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) A Mobile IPv6 option that lets a mobile node identify itself with a name such as a user@realm NAI instead of only its home address. RFC 5533 Shim6 Shim6: Level 3 Multihoming Shim Protocol for IPv6 A host-based layer that lets IPv6 conversations switch to another address when a provider link fails, without a provider-independent prefix. RFC 2615 PPP over SONET/SDH PPP over SONET/SDH How PPP frames ride inside SONET/SDH optical circuits, with a self-synchronous scrambler to keep the line safe. RFC 3024 Reverse Tunneling for Mobile IP, revised How a roaming Mobile IP device sends its traffic back through its home agent so source addresses stay topologically correct. RFC 2834 IP over HIPPI-800 ARP and IP Broadcast over HIPPI-800 How computers on a HIPPI switch find each other's hardware addresses, and how IP broadcast is faked where the switch cannot do it. RFC 6177 IPv6 End Site Addresses IPv6 Address Assignment to End Sites Why the IETF stopped telling everyone to hand out a /48 to every IPv6 end site, and what it asks policy makers to weigh instead. RFC 1141 Incremental Checksum Incremental updating of the Internet checksum A corrected recipe for patching the Internet checksum when only one field of a packet changes. RFC 2794 Mobile IP NAI Mobile IP Network Access Identifier Extension for IPv4 How a roaming Mobile IP device can sign in with a user name instead of a fixed home address. RFC 3927 IPv4 Link-Local Dynamic Configuration of IPv4 Link-Local Addresses How an IPv4 host gives itself a 169.254/16 address, checks nobody else has it, and defends it. RFC 7045 IPv6 Ext Headers Transmission and Processing of IPv6 Extension Headers Tells routers and firewalls not to drop IPv6 packets just because they carry extension headers the device does not recognise. RFC 2516 PPPoE A Method for Transmitting PPP Over Ethernet (PPPoE) How to run PPP sessions over Ethernet, with a discovery handshake to find the other end. RFC 6302 Logging Recommendations for Internet-Facing Servers Servers that log client IP addresses should also log source port and an accurate timestamp. RFC 2390 InARP Inverse Address Resolution Protocol ARP run backwards: given a hardware address, ask the station behind it for its protocol address. RFC 7915 SIIT IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm How a router rewrites IPv4 packets into IPv6 packets, and back again, without keeping any per-connection state. RFC 6144 IPv4/IPv6 Translation Framework for IPv4/IPv6 Translation How translators between IPv4 and IPv6 fit together, and which kind of translation suits which situation. RFC 2685 VPN Identifier Virtual Private Networks Identifier A globally unique name for a virtual private network: an organization ID plus a 4-octet index. RFC 7599 MAP-T Mapping of Address and Port using Translation (MAP-T) How an IPv6-only network can carry IPv4 users, with shared addresses, using stateless translation instead of tunnels. RFC 793 TCP Transmission Control Protocol Reliable, ordered, connection-oriented byte-stream delivery over IP RFC 2290 Mobile IPv4 for PPP Mobile-IPv4 Configuration Option for PPP IPCP A PPP option that lets a mobile device say it speaks Mobile IP, so it need not be handed a unique address. RFC 2470 IPv6 over Token Ring Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Token Ring Networks How IPv6 packets are framed, addressed and multicast on IEEE 802.5 Token Ring networks. RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Frame Relay Networks Specification How IPv6 packets are wrapped, addressed and discovered across Frame Relay virtual circuits. RFC 6926 DHCPv4 Bulk Leasequery DHCPv4 Bulk Leasequery Lets a relay agent or access concentrator pull many DHCPv4 lease bindings from a server over one TCP connection. RFC 7788 HNCP Home Networking Control Protocol How home routers share state so a multi-router, multi-ISP home network configures itself. RFC 8180 6TiSCH Minimal Minimal IPv6 over the TSCH Mode of IEEE 802.15.4e (6TiSCH) Configuration The baseline settings every 6TiSCH device needs so tiny, channel-hopping radios can form an IPv6 network and talk to each other. RFC 2176 IPv4 over MAPOS IPv4 over MAPOS Version 1 How to carry IP datagrams in MAPOS frames and how nodes find each other's 8-bit link addresses. RFC 5837 ICMP Interface IDs Extending ICMP for Interface and Next-Hop Identification A way for routers to say, inside an ICMP error, which interface a packet came in on and where it would have gone next. RFC 6088 Flow Traffic Selectors Traffic Selectors for Flow Bindings Compact binary formats for describing a flow of IPv4 or IPv6 packets, used by Mobile IPv6 flow bindings. RFC 6620 FCFS SAVI FCFS SAVI: First-Come, First-Served Source Address Validation Improvement for Locally Assigned IPv6 Addresses How a switch can stop hosts on a local link from faking IPv6 source addresses, by letting the first claimant keep each address. RFC 4389 ND Proxy Neighbor Discovery Proxies (ND Proxy) How a device can join two IPv6 links into one subnet at the network layer when ordinary bridging is not possible. RFC 6346 A+P The Address plus Port (A+P) Approach to the IPv4 Address Shortage Share one IPv4 address among many customers by giving each a private slice of the port numbers. RFC 1188 IP over FDDI Proposed Standard for the Transmission of IP Datagrams over FDDI Networks How IP datagrams and ARP messages are wrapped for travel over FDDI fiber-ring networks. RFC 3544 IPHC over PPP IP Header Compression over PPP How two ends of a PPP link agree to shrink IP, TCP, UDP and RTP headers. RFC 4721 MIPv4 challenge/resp Mobile IPv4 Challenge/Response Extensions (Revised) How a Mobile IPv4 foreign agent hands out fresh challenges so a visiting device cannot replay an old registration. RFC 5380 HMIPv6 Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) Mobility Management Adds a local anchor router so a mobile device moving within one network does not have to update far-away peers each time. RFC 8004 HIP Rendezvous Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Rendezvous Extension How a HIP node that keeps moving stays reachable through a fixed relay that forwards first contact. RFC 8981 IPv6 Temp Addresses Temporary Address Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6 How IPv6 hosts generate short-lived, random addresses so outside observers cannot easily follow them around. RFC 1546 Anycast Host Anycasting Service The original definition of IP anycast: send a packet to an address and let the network deliver it to the nearest of many servers. RFC 3582 IPv6 Multihoming Goals for IPv6 Site-Multihoming Architectures Design goals for networks connected through multiple internet providers. RFC 4919 6LoWPAN IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPANs): Overview, Assumptions, Problem Statement, and Goals Why putting IPv6 on tiny, battery-powered 802.15.4 radios is hard, and what has to be solved first. RFC 3519 Mobile IP NAT Mobile IP Traversal of Network Address Translation (NAT) Devices A UDP-based tunnel that lets Mobile IP traffic pass through NAT devices that break ordinary IP-in-IP tunnels. RFC 3942 DHCPv4 Option Reclass Reclassifying Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version 4 (DHCPv4) Options How DHCPv4 gained room for more public option codes by taking them from the little-used site-specific range. RFC 5007 DHCPv6 Leasequery DHCPv6 Leasequery A read-only DHCPv6 message pair that lets a router or other requestor ask a server who holds which address or prefix. RFC 5227 IPv4 ACD IPv4 Address Conflict Detection How an IPv4 host checks, with ARP, that nobody else is using its address, and what it does if someone is. RFC 5447 MIPv6 Diameter NAS Diameter Mobile IPv6: Support for Network Access Server to Diameter Server Interaction How a network access server and a Diameter server hand a Mobile IPv6 device its home agent during login. RFC 5565 Softwire Mesh Softwire Mesh Framework A framework for carrying IPv4 across IPv6-only cores, and IPv6 across IPv4-only cores, using BGP routes and tunnels called softwires. RFC 6089 Flow Bindings Flow Bindings in Mobile IPv6 and Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Lets a Mobile IPv6 device send specific traffic flows to specific care-of addresses. RFC 6334 DS-Lite DHCPv6 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) Option for Dual-Stack Lite A single DHCPv6 option that tells a Dual-Stack Lite home gateway where its carrier-side tunnel endpoint is. RFC 6603 DHCPv6 PD Exclude Prefix Exclude Option for DHCPv6-based Prefix Delegation Lets a DHCPv6 server carve one prefix out of a delegated block, such as the one already used on the link. RFC 7341 DHCP 4o6 DHCPv4-over-DHCPv6 (DHCP 4o6) Transport How a device on an IPv6-only uplink gets its IPv4 settings by tunnelling DHCPv4 messages inside DHCPv6. RFC 8929 6BBR IPv6 Backbone Router Backbone Routers that answer IPv6 Neighbor Discovery on behalf of wireless nodes, so many wireless links can act as one subnet. RFC 8504 IPv6 Node Requirements IPv6 Node Requirements A single checklist of which IPv6 specifications every host and router should implement, and which are optional. RFC 2171 MAPOS MAPOS - Multiple Access Protocol over SONET/SDH Version 1 How HDLC frames are sent over SONET/SDH so that many nodes can share a switched fiber network. RFC 4885 NEMO Network Mobility Support Terminology The shared vocabulary for talking about a whole network that moves and changes its attachment to the Internet. RFC 7039 SAVI Source Address Validation Improvement (SAVI) Framework The framework behind SAVI: checking, per host, that packets on a link carry the source address that host is allowed to use. RFC 2334 SCSP Server Cache Synchronization Protocol (SCSP) How a group of redundant servers keeps their caches identical by flooding changes to each other, much like a link-state routing protocol. RFC 2526 IPv6 Subnet Anycast Reserved IPv6 Subnet Anycast Addresses Sets aside the 128 highest interface identifier values in every IPv6 subnet as reserved anycast addresses. RFC 2529 6over4 Transmission of IPv6 over IPv4 Domains without Explicit Tunnels Lets isolated IPv6 hosts use an IPv4 multicast network as a virtual Ethernet, with no configured tunnels. RFC 3621 Power Ethernet MIB Power Ethernet MIB SNMP objects for monitoring and controlling the gear that sends power to devices over Ethernet cables. RFC 3679 Unused DHCP Options Unused Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Option Codes A cleanup list of DHCP option codes that were never used and can be reassigned. RFC 5779 Diameter PMIPv6 Diameter Proxy Mobile IPv6: Mobile Access Gateway and Local Mobility Anchor Interaction with Diameter Server How Proxy Mobile IPv6 gateways and anchors fetch and update device policy from a Diameter server. RFC 6422 Relay-supplied options Relay-Supplied DHCP Options How a DHCPv6 relay agent can hand the server options to pass along to the client. RFC 7400 6LoWPAN-GHC 6LoWPAN-GHC: Generic Header Compression for IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPANs) A tiny bytecode that compresses almost any header or header-like payload on 6LoWPAN links. RFC 2675 IPv6 Jumbograms IPv6 Jumbograms How IPv6 packets can carry more than 65,535 bytes of payload, and what TCP and UDP change to use them. RFC 3115 Mobile IP Vendor/Organization-Specific Extensions Two Mobile IP extensions that let vendors and organizations carry their own private data in Mobile IP messages. RFC 3173 IPComp IP Payload Compression Protocol (IPComp) How to shrink IP packet payloads before sending, and how two nodes agree to do it. RFC 4292 IP forwarding MIB IP Forwarding Table MIB The standard SNMP table for reading, and optionally editing, a router's IPv4 and IPv6 forwarding table. RFC 8003 HIP Registration Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Registration Extension How a Host Identity Protocol host signs up with a registrar for services such as rendezvous or middlebox traversal. RFC 8046 HIP Mobility Host Mobility with the Host Identity Protocol How a Host Identity Protocol host tells its peers about a new IP address without dropping the conversation. RFC 9844 IPv6 zone IDs in UIs Entering IPv6 Zone Identifiers in User Interfaces How people should type an IPv6 link-local address together with the interface it lives on. RFC 1088 IP over NetBIOS Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over NetBIOS networks How to carry IP datagrams inside NetBIOS datagrams by turning IP addresses into NetBIOS names. RFC 1132 802.2 over IPX Standard for the transmission of 802.2 packets over IPX networks How to carry IP, ARP and other 802.2 traffic over Novell IPX networks, including through IPX bridges. RFC 2497 IPv6 over ARCnet Transmission of IPv6 Packets over ARCnet Networks How IPv6 packets travel over ARCnet: frame type, MTU, address formation and the neighbor discovery option. RFC 2563 DHCP Option to Disable Stateless Auto-Configuration in IPv4 Clients A DHCP option that lets a server tell clients not to invent their own link-local IPv4 address. RFC 3146 IPv6 over IEEE 1394 Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 1394 Networks How IPv6 packets ride on IEEE 1394 (FireWire-style) buses: framing, addresses, neighbor lookup and multicast. RFC 4174 DHCP option for iSNS The IPv4 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Option for the Internet Storage Name Service A DHCP option, number 83, that tells storage devices where to find their iSNS server and how to use it. RFC 6320 ANCP Protocol for Access Node Control Mechanism in Broadband Networks The control protocol that lets a broadband gateway and the DSLAM at the street cabinet talk to each other about lines, rates and tests. RFC 6459 IPv6 in 3GPP EPS IPv6 in 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Evolved Packet System (EPS) How IPv6 works in 3GPP mobile networks, from PDP contexts and bearers to address setup and dual-stack deployment. RFC 6572 RADIUS for PMIPv6 RADIUS Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 New RADIUS attributes that let Proxy Mobile IPv6 gateways fetch a device's mobility settings and get a mobility session authorized. RFC 8900 IP Fragmentation Considered Fragile Why splitting IP packets into fragments breaks so often on the real Internet, and what to do instead. RFC 9030 6TiSCH Architecture An Architecture for IPv6 over the Time-Slotted Channel Hopping Mode of IEEE 802.15.4 (6TiSCH) How IPv6 runs over tiny battery-powered radios that talk on a strict timetable and hop between channels. RFC 1819 ST2+ Internet Stream Protocol Version 2 (ST2) Protocol Specification - Version ST2+ A connection-oriented companion to IP that reserves resources along a multicast tree for real-time audio and video streams. RFC 6535 Bump-in-the-Host Dual-Stack Hosts Using "Bump-in-the-Host" (BIH) A translator inside a host that lets IPv4-only programs talk to IPv6-only servers by faking IPv4 addresses. RFC 3542 IPv6 Advanced API Advanced Sockets Application Program Interface (API) for IPv6 The portable C sockets interface for programs that need raw IPv6 access, packet details, extension headers and path MTU control. RFC 3587 IPv6 Global Unicast IPv6 Global Unicast Address Format How a worldwide IPv6 address splits into routing prefix, subnet ID and interface ID, after the TLA/NLA scheme was retired. RFC 917 Internet Subnets Internet subnets How one Internet network number can be split into several subnets, one per cable, without bloating routing tables. RFC 1973 PPP in Frame Relay PPP in Frame Relay How to use Frame Relay frames as the wrapper for PPP on a point-to-point circuit. RFC 2331 IP over ATM Signalling ATM Signalling Support for IP over ATM - UNI Signalling 4.0 Update How IP systems should fill in ATM UNI 4.0 call setup messages to get sensible best-effort connections. RFC 2428 FTP for IPv6 and NATs FTP Extensions for IPv6 and NATs Two new FTP commands, EPRT and EPSV, let FTP data connections work over IPv6 and through NATs. RFC 2484 PPP LCP Internationalization Configuration Option A PPP option that lets two peers agree on the language and character set for human-readable messages. RFC 2894 Router Renumbering Router Renumbering for IPv6 A way for a network manager to change the address prefixes on every IPv6 router in a site with authenticated, replay-protected commands. RFC 3543 MIPv4 Revocation Registration Revocation in Mobile IPv4 How Mobile IPv4 agents tell each other, with acknowledgment, that a mobile node's registration has been cut short. RFC 3637 Definitions of Managed Objects for the Ethernet WAN Interface Sublayer SNMP objects for watching the SONET-style wrapper that lets 10 Gigabit Ethernet ride on long-haul telecom links. RFC 5453 Reserved IPv6 IIDs Reserved IPv6 Interface Identifiers A registry of IPv6 interface identifiers that automatic address assignment must not hand out. RFC 6221 Lightweight DHCPv6 relay Lightweight DHCPv6 Relay Agent How a plain Layer 2 switch can tag DHCPv6 requests with the port they came from, without being a router. RFC 6791 ICMPv6 source mapping Stateless Source Address Mapping for ICMPv6 Packets What source address a stateless IPv4/IPv6 translator should use when an ICMPv6 sender has no IPv4 equivalent. RFC 7077 Update Notifications for Proxy Mobile IPv6 A way for the local mobility anchor in Proxy Mobile IPv6 to push change notices to a mobile access gateway. RFC 7112 IPv6 Header Chains Implications of Oversized IPv6 Header Chains IPv6 packets must keep their whole header chain in the first fragment, so firewalls can do their job. RFC 7136 Significance of IPv6 Interface Identifiers The last 64 bits of an IPv6 address are just an opaque value: do not read meaning into them. RFC 7668 IPv6 over BLE IPv6 over BLUETOOTH(R) Low Energy How to carry IPv6 packets over Bluetooth Low Energy links, using 6LoWPAN tricks to keep the overhead tiny. RFC 8025 6LoWPAN Paging IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) Paging Dispatch A page-number switch that gives 6LoWPAN header compression room to grow without breaking old devices. RFC 9031 CoJP Constrained Join Protocol (CoJP) for 6TiSCH How a brand-new low-power wireless device proves itself and gets its network keys in one secured request and response. RFC 2173 A MAPOS version 1 Extension - Node Switch Protocol Automatic address assignment for MAPOS networks RFC 4116 IPv4 Multihoming IPv4 Multihoming Practices and Limitations How sites hook up to more than one provider with IPv4, and what each approach costs. RFC 4218 Threats Relating to IPv6 Multihoming Solutions Security risks when sites connect to the Internet through multiple paths RFC 4864 Local Network Protection for IPv6 How to protect IPv6 networks without network address translation RFC 4925 Softwire Problem Statement Standardizing tunnels to connect old and new Internet address systems RFC 5180 IPv6 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices Extra rules for speed-testing routers and similar devices with IPv6 traffic, layered on top of RFC 2544. RFC 8376 LPWAN overview Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) Overview A survey of the radio technologies built to let tiny battery devices reach across kilometers, and why plain IPv6 does not fit them. RFC 3518 PPP BCP Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Bridging Control Protocol (BCP) How two ends of a PPP link negotiate to carry bridged LAN frames, so the link acts as part of a bridged network. RFC 2172 MAPOS Version 1 Assigned Numbers The registry of Protocol field values used by MAPOS version 1, a multiple-access link layer for SONET/SDH. RFC 2637 PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) How PPP dial-up sessions were carried across an IP network, with a TCP control channel and an enhanced GRE data tunnel. RFC 5737 IPv4 Documentation IPv4 Address Blocks Reserved for Documentation Three IPv4 address blocks set aside so examples in documents never collide with real networks. RFC 7554 TSCH Problem Statement Using IEEE 802.15.4e Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) in the Internet of Things (IoT): Problem Statement Planning for time-slotted wireless networks in the Internet of Things RFC 7608 IPv6 Prefix Length Recommendation for Forwarding Routers should forward IPv6 on any prefix length from 0 to 128, not just the familiar /64. RFC 8065 Privacy Considerations for IPv6 Adaptation-Layer Mechanisms How short or guessable IPv6 interface identifiers leak privacy, and what link-layer specs should do about it. RFC 8799 Limited domains Limited Domains and Internet Protocols Why some network features only make sense inside a bounded region, and what it would take to define that region securely. RFC 9096 CE IPv6 Renumbering Improving the Reaction of Customer Edge Routers to IPv6 Renumbering Events Home and small-office IPv6 routers should stop leaving devices holding stale prefixes after a reboot or prefix change. RFC 925 Multi-LAN ARP Multi-LAN address resolution Proposes extending ARP so several LANs can share one network number without telling hosts. RFC 1752 IPng recommendation The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol The IPng Area Directors explain why the SIPP design, with 16-byte addresses, should become the next Internet Protocol. RFC 2364 PPP over AAL5 PPP Over AAL5 How to run PPP directly over an ATM virtual connection, using AAL5 frames in place of HDLC framing. RFC 3572 IPv6 over MAPOS Internet Protocol Version 6 over MAPOS (Multiple Access Protocol Over SONET/SDH) How IPv6 packets are framed, addressed and discovered on MAPOS SONET/SDH links. RFC 4436 DNAv4 Detecting Network Attachment in IPv4 (DNAv4) A quick unicast ARP check that lets a host confirm it is back on a known network without redoing DHCP. RFC 5094 MIPv6 Vendor Option Mobile IPv6 Vendor Specific Option A Mobile IPv6 option that lets vendors attach their own data to Mobility Header messages. RFC 5534 Shim6 failure detection Failure Detection and Locator Pair Exploration Protocol for IPv6 Multihoming How two IPv6 hosts notice a dead path and quietly switch to another pair of addresses. RFC 5535 Hash-Based Addresses Hash-Based Addresses (HBA) Addresses that carry a hash of the host's other prefixes, so a peer can check they belong together. RFC 5846 Binding Revocation Binding Revocation for IPv6 Mobility How one mobility node tells its peer to drop a mobile node's binding and free the resources behind it. RFC 6085 Address Mapping of IPv6 Multicast Packets on Ethernet Clarifies that an IPv6 multicast packet may be sent in an Ethernet unicast frame when only one receiver matters. RFC 6463 Runtime LMA assignment Runtime Local Mobility Anchor (LMA) Assignment Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Lets a Proxy Mobile IPv6 anchor hand a device's session to a better anchor while the first binding exchange is still happening. RFC 6519 RADIUS for DS-Lite RADIUS Extensions for Dual-Stack Lite A RADIUS attribute that hands a home gateway's tunnel endpoint name from the provider's AAA server to the access server. RFC 6607 DHCP VSS Options Virtual Subnet Selection Options for DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 DHCP options that tell a server which VPN or virtual subnet an address should be allocated from. RFC 6864 Updated Specification of the IPv4 ID Field The IPv4 ID field only has to be unique when a packet might be fragmented; otherwise its value means nothing. RFC 7078 Distributing Address Selection Policy Using DHCPv6 A DHCPv6 option that lets a network administrator push IPv6 address selection policy to every host. RFC 7346 IPv6 Multicast Scopes IPv6 Multicast Address Scopes Gives IPv6 multicast scope value 3 a real meaning: Realm-Local, a scope found automatically from the network. RFC 7488 PCP server selection Port Control Protocol (PCP) Server Selection How a PCP client picks, retries and sticks to the right server address when it has been given several. RFC 7513 SAVI for DHCP Source Address Validation Improvement (SAVI) Solution for DHCP How a switch learns, from DHCP traffic, which address belongs to which port and drops packets that lie about their source. RFC 7653 DHCPv6 Active Leasequery DHCPv6 Active Leasequery A long-lived TCP feed that streams DHCPv6 lease changes to outside systems as they happen. RFC 8028 Multi-Prefix Routers First-Hop Router Selection by Hosts in a Multi-Prefix Network How a host with several provider prefixes should pick the first-hop router that matches its source address. RFC 8250 IPv6 PDM Option IPv6 Performance and Diagnostic Metrics (PDM) Destination Option An IPv6 destination option that stamps packets with sequence numbers and time deltas, to tell network delay from server delay. RFC 8987 DHCPv6-PD Relay DHCPv6 Prefix Delegating Relay Requirements Rules for the DHCPv6 relay that sits between a customer router and an ISP's prefix delegation server. RFC 9109 NTP Port Randomization Network Time Protocol Version 4: Port Randomization Why NTP clients should stop using port 123 as their own source port, and pick a random one instead. RFC 9441 SCHC Compound ACK Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) Compound Acknowledgement (ACK) Lets a receiver report missing pieces from several windows in a single reply, saving scarce radio transmissions. RFC 9927 EARO C-flag fix Fixing the C-Flag in the Extended Address Registration Option (EARO) Moves the C-flag to bit 1 of the EARO flags field so it no longer overlaps the P-field. RFC 6296 NPTv6 IPv6-to-IPv6 Network Prefix Translation Stateless prefix translation for IPv6 networks, checksum-neutral and one-to-one. RFC 814 Names, Addresses, Ports Name, addresses, ports, and routes Clark's 1982 advice on the tables a TCP/IP host needs to keep track of names, addresses, ports and routes. RFC 1624 Computation of the Internet Checksum via Incremental Update A small fix to the shortcut routers use to update a packet checksum without re-adding everything. RFC 1967 PPP LZS-DCP PPP LZS-DCP Compression Protocol (LZS-DCP) Stac LZS compression for PPP links, with a one-byte header that carries reset signals on every packet. RFC 2433 MS-CHAP Microsoft PPP CHAP Extensions Microsoft's variant of PPP CHAP, which lets a remote Windows user prove their identity without the server storing a clear-text password. RFC 2469 A Caution On The Canonical Ordering Of Link-Layer Addresses A warning that LAN adapters disagree on the bit order of addresses, so protocols like ARP and Neighbor Discovery can break. RFC 2759 MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft PPP CHAP Extensions, Version 2 Microsoft's second PPP CHAP dialect, which adds mutual authentication so the server must prove itself too. RFC 3314 IPv6 for 3GPP Recommendations for IPv6 in Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Standards IPv6 usage recommendations from IETF to 3GPP mobile standards RFC 3789 Introduction to the Survey of IPv4 Addresses in Currently Deployed IETF Standards Track and Experimental Documents Cataloging IPv4 dependencies in IETF standards to guide the transition to IPv6. RFC 4640 MIPv6 bootstrapping Problem Statement for bootstrapping Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) Why a Mobile IPv6 device needs help learning its home address, home agent and keys, and what has to be true for that to work. RFC 4886 NEMO Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements Keeping sessions alive when a mobile network changes where it connects to the Internet RFC 4888 NEMO Network Mobility Route Optimization Problem Statement Why mobile networks need faster routes to avoid bottlenecks RFC 4963 IPv4 Reassembly Errors IPv4 Reassembly Errors at High Data Rates Why the 16-bit IPv4 ID field lets fragments from different datagrams get glued together at high data rates. RFC 5014 IPv6 Source Addr API IPv6 Socket API for Source Address Selection Socket options that let an application nudge which of its own IPv6 addresses is used as the source. RFC 6104 Rogue IPv6 RA Rogue IPv6 Router Advertisement Problem Statement Why stray IPv6 Router Advertisements break networks, and the menu of ways to stop them. RFC 6180 IPv6 Transition Guide Guidelines for Using IPv6 Transition Mechanisms during IPv6 Deployment Advice on which IPv6 deployment model to pick, from dual stack to IPv6-only with translation. RFC 6264 Incremental CGN An Incremental Carrier-Grade NAT (CGN) for IPv6 Transition A gradual approach to IPv6 transition that combines IPv4 address sharing with IPv6 tunneling. RFC 7113 RA-Guard Implementation Advice for IPv6 Router Advertisement Guard (RA-Guard) How to build RA-Guard so attackers cannot slip forged IPv6 Router Advertisements past it using extension headers and fragments. RFC 7333 DMM requirements Requirements for Distributed Mobility Management Why mobility anchors should move closer to users, and the eight requirements any distributed mobility solution must meet. RFC 7872 Observations on the Dropping of Packets with IPv6 Extension Headers in the Real World Widespread Internet filtering of IPv6 packets with extension headers RFC 796 Address mappings A 1981 chart showing how a 32-bit internet address was split into network and local parts, and how each early network's own addresses fitted inside. RFC 7066 IPv6 for Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Cellular Hosts Which IPv6 features a phone or cellular modem should implement, and which it can safely skip, on 3GPP networks. RFC 3344 Mobile IPv4 IP Mobility Support for IPv4 How a device can move between IPv4 networks and keep its address, using a home agent that forwards its traffic. RFC 2461 IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6) How IPv6 nodes on the same link find each other, find routers, learn link-layer addresses and notice when a neighbor goes away. RFC 1534 DHCP and BOOTP Interoperation Between DHCP and BOOTP How DHCP servers and clients cope with the older BOOTP protocol they grew out of. RFC 2067 IP over HIPPI IP over HIPPI How IP datagrams are wrapped and sent across HIPPI, a very fast parallel link, when HIPPI switches are used as a local area network. RFC 2601 ILMI ATMARP Discovery ILMI-Based Server Discovery for ATMARP How an ATM host or router asks its switch where the ATMARP server is, instead of being configured by hand. RFC 2734 IPv4 over 1394 IPv4 over IEEE 1394 How to carry IPv4 datagrams over FireWire (IEEE 1394), including its own ARP and multicast channel protocol. RFC 3011 DHCP Subnet Selection The IPv4 Subnet Selection Option for DHCP A DHCP option that lets a client name the subnet it wants its address to come from. RFC 3021 31-Bit Prefixes Using 31-Bit Prefixes on IPv4 Point-to-Point Links How a point-to-point IPv4 link can use a /31 subnet and spend two addresses instead of four. RFC 3153 PPPMux PPP Multiplexing Pack several small PPP packets into one frame so slow links spend less of their bandwidth on framing. RFC 3336 PPP over AAL2 PPP Over Asynchronous Transfer Mode Adaptation Layer 2 (AAL2) Carrying PPP over ATM AAL2 so that small packets such as voice waste less bandwidth than they do over AAL5. RFC 3442 DHCP classless routes The Classless Static Route Option for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) version 4 How a DHCP server can hand a client a list of routes whose destinations carry their own subnet masks. RFC 3495 DHCP CableLabs option Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Option for CableLabs Client Configuration A DHCP option that tells cable voice adapters which servers, realm and timers to use when they start up. RFC 4295 Mobile IPv6 MIB Mobile IPv6 Management Information Base The SNMP data model for watching and controlling Mobile IPv6 mobile nodes, home agents and correspondent nodes. RFC 4311 IPv6 Host-to-Router Load Sharing IPv6 hosts with several equivalent routers should spread traffic among them, using a hash of the destination address. RFC 4489 IPv6 link multicast A Method for Generating Link-Scoped IPv6 Multicast Addresses How a node can build its own link-local IPv6 multicast addresses from its interface identifier, with no allocation server. RFC 4636 Mobile IPv4 FA Error Foreign Agent Error Extension for Mobile IPv4 A separate slot in Mobile IPv4 replies where a foreign agent can report errors without breaking the home agent's authentication. RFC 4833 DHCP Timezone Options Timezone Options for DHCP Two DHCP options that tell a host its timezone, as a POSIX string or a timezone database name, replacing the bare time offset. RFC 4837 EPON MIB Managed Objects of Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPON) SNMP objects for monitoring and configuring Ethernet passive optical network links, one row per virtual link. RFC 5778 Diameter MIPv6 HA Diameter Mobile IPv6: Support for Home Agent to Diameter Server Interaction How a Mobile IPv6 home agent asks a Diameter server to authenticate, authorize and account for a mobile node. RFC 5847 PMIPv6 Heartbeat Heartbeat Mechanism for Proxy Mobile IPv6 A periodic are-you-there message between Proxy Mobile IPv6 gateways and anchors, plus a counter that reveals restarts. RFC 5949 FMIPv6 for PMIPv6 Fast Handovers for Proxy Mobile IPv6 How a mobile device can move between access routers without dropping packets, even when the device itself takes no part in the signaling. RFC 6946 IPv6 Atomic Fragments Processing of IPv6 "Atomic" Fragments Why a whole IPv6 packet wearing a Fragment Header must never be mixed up with real fragments. RFC 6957 DAD-Proxy Duplicate Address Detection Proxy How a first-hop router can defend IPv6 addresses when hosts on the same network cannot hear each other. RFC 6970 Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Internet Gateway Device - Port Control Protocol Interworking Function (IGD-PCP IWF) A translator inside a home router that turns UPnP port-mapping requests into PCP requests for the provider's NAT. RFC 7048 NUD Patience Neighbor Unreachability Detection Is Too Impatient IPv6 hosts give up on a silent neighbor too fast; this RFC lets them keep trying, with backoff. RFC 7222 PMIPv6 QoS Option Quality-of-Service Option for Proxy Mobile IPv6 How two gateways in a Proxy Mobile IPv6 network agree on the quality of service a mobile device's traffic gets. RFC 7291 PCP DHCP Options DHCP Options for the Port Control Protocol (PCP) How a DHCP server can tell a host where its Port Control Protocol server lives, over both IPv4 and IPv6. RFC 7335 IPv4 Service Continuity Prefix One small reserved IPv4 block, now shared by every IPv6 transition tool that needs a non-routed IPv4 address. RFC 7527 Enhanced DAD Enhanced Duplicate Address Detection A random nonce lets an IPv6 node recognize its own duplicate address probe when the network loops it back. RFC 7563 PMIPv6 ANI Extensions Extensions to the Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) Access Network Identifier Option Three new sub-options let a Proxy Mobile IPv6 gateway report civic location, a group ID and how often to refresh. RFC 7755 SIIT-DC SIIT-DC: Stateless IP/ICMP Translation for IPv6 Data Center Environments Run a data center on IPv6 only and let border relays translate legacy IPv4 visitors, without keeping any per-connection state. RFC 7787 DNCP Distributed Node Consensus Protocol A generic way for a group of nodes to keep a shared set of published data in sync using hash trees and Trickle. RFC 7864 PMIPv6 Flow Mobility Proxy Mobile IPv6 Extensions to Support Flow Mobility How a Proxy Mobile IPv6 network can move individual traffic flows between a device's interfaces. RFC 8026 Unified Softwire CPE Unified IPv4-in-IPv6 Softwire Customer Premises Equipment (CPE): A DHCPv6-Based Prioritization Mechanism A DHCPv6 option that tells a router which IPv4-over-IPv6 method to prefer when several are offered. RFC 8047 HIP Multihoming Host Multihoming with the Host Identity Protocol How a Host Identity Protocol host with several IP addresses tells its peer and stays reachable on any of them. RFC 8066 6LoWPAN ESC Dispatch IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) ESC Dispatch Code Points and Guidelines Gives the 6LoWPAN escape dispatch type a defined layout and a registry for the extensions that use it. RFC 8168 DHCPv6 Prefix-Length Hint Issues How DHCPv6 clients and servers should handle a client's hint about how big a delegated prefix it wants. RFC 8480 6P 6TiSCH Operation Sublayer (6top) Protocol (6P) How two neighboring nodes in a time-slotted wireless network negotiate which transmission slots to add, remove or move. RFC 8781 PREF64 in RA Discovering PREF64 in Router Advertisements A Router Advertisement option that tells IPv6-only hosts which prefix reaches IPv4 through NAT64. RFC 8824 SCHC for CoAP Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) for the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) How to shrink CoAP headers with SCHC rules so constrained devices can use them over low-power wide-area networks. RFC 8930 On Forwarding 6LoWPAN Fragments over a Multi-Hop IPv6 Network Let nodes in a low-power mesh pass 6LoWPAN fragments along at once instead of reassembling the whole packet at every hop. RFC 8931 6LoWPAN RFRAG IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) Selective Fragment Recovery Forwards pieces of a big packet across a low-power mesh and resends only the pieces that went missing. RFC 8948 SLAP Quadrant DHCPv6 Structured Local Address Plan (SLAP) Quadrant Selection Option for DHCPv6 A DHCPv6 option that lets a client or relay say which IEEE local MAC address quadrant it prefers. RFC 9033 6TiSCH MSF 6TiSCH Minimal Scheduling Function (MSF) The default rules a 6TiSCH node follows to join a network and to add, remove and move its radio time slots. RFC 994 CLNP (DIS 8473) Final text of DIS 8473, Protocol for Providing the Connectionless-mode Network Service The OSI answer to IP: ISO 8473, the connectionless network protocol, reproduced as an RFC. RFC 5770 HIP NAT Traversal Basic Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Extensions for Traversal of Network Address Translators Extensions to help HIP work through network address translators. RFC 817 Modularity and Efficiency Modularity and efficiency in protocol implementation Clark's 1982 case that neat layering costs speed, and how to structure a protocol implementation to get both. RFC 1915 PPP CCP/ECP Variance Variance for The PPP Compression Control Protocol and The PPP Encryption Control Protocol An IESG exception that let two PPP protocols advance despite unresolved patent licensing. RFC 2175 MAPOS 16 MAPOS 16 - Multiple Access Protocol over SONET/SDH with 16 Bit Addressing MAPOS with a 16-bit address field, so a shared SONET/SDH network can hold far more nodes. RFC 2297 GSMP v2 Ipsilon's General Switch Management Protocol Specification Version 2.0 How a controller tells an ATM switch to set up connections, report status and offer quality of service. RFC 2356 Sun's SKIP Firewall Traversal for Mobile IP How a roaming Mobile IP laptop can negotiate its way past a SKIP firewall into its home network. RFC 2835 IP over HIPPI-6400 IP and ARP over HIPPI-6400 (GSN) How IP packets and address lookups run over HIPPI-6400, a 6400 Mbit/s switched link also called GSN. RFC 3053 IPv6 Tunnel Broker IPv6 Tunnel Broker A service model for giving individual users and small sites access to IPv6 RFC 4029 IPv6 in ISP Networks Scenarios and Analysis for Introducing IPv6 into ISP Networks Adding IPv6 service to an ISP without disrupting existing IPv4. RFC 4085 Embedding Global IPs Embedding Globally-Routable Internet Addresses Considered Harmful Why hard-coding globally routable IP addresses into products hurts the Internet, and what to do instead. RFC 4459 Tunnel MTU issues MTU and Fragmentation Issues with In-the-Network Tunneling Solving the packet size problem when tunneling between routers RFC 4830 NETLMM Problem Statement Problem Statement for Network-Based Localized Mobility Management (NETLMM) Why a moving phone should not have to run mobility software just to roam around one access network. RFC 4852 IPv6 Enterprise Network Analysis - IP Layer 3 Focus Analyzing how organizations can transition to IPv6 while running both IPv4 and IPv6 on their networks. RFC 4943 IPv6 Neighbor Discovery On-Link Assumption Considered Harmful Why IPv6 Neighbor Discovery stopped assuming every destination is on the local link when no router is known. RFC 4968 802.16 IPv6 Link Models Analysis of IPv6 Link Models for 802.16 Based Networks Three ways to connect IPv6 devices to wireless networks RFC 6145 SIIT IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm How a translator rewrites IPv4 and IPv6 packet headers, including ICMP, without keeping per-connection state. RFC 6214 IPv6 over avian carriers Adaptation of RFC 1149 for IPv6 An April 1st joke spec for sending IPv6 packets by carrier pigeon, updating RFC 1149. RFC 6540 IPv6 Required IPv6 Support Required for All IP-Capable Nodes IPv6 support is no longer optional: new IP implementations must support it and must not require IPv4. RFC 6853 DHCPv6 Redundancy Deployment Considerations How to run two or more DHCPv6 servers for the same clients when no standard failover protocol exists. RFC 7126 Recommendations on Filtering of IPv4 Packets Containing IPv4 Options Which IPv4 options routers and firewalls should drop, ignore or let through, and what breaks when they drop them. RFC 7556 Multiple PvD Multiple Provisioning Domain Architecture How devices manage multiple networks with separate configurations. RFC 8633 NTP best practices Network Time Protocol Best Current Practices A checklist of habits for running NTP servers and clients accurately, stably and securely. RFC 9098 IPv6 Ext Headers Ops Operational Implications of IPv6 Packets with Extension Headers Why network devices often drop IPv6 packets with extra headers RFC 1634 IPXWAN Novell IPX Over Various WAN Media (IPXWAN) The introduction two Novell IPX routers exchange over a WAN link before normal routing starts. RFC 2581 TCP Congestion Control TCP Congestion Control The four rules that tell TCP to start slowly, speed up carefully and back off when packets go missing. RFC 5578 PPPoE credit flow PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) Extensions for Credit Flow and Link Metrics Optional PPPoE extensions that add credit-based flow control and link quality reports for radio links whose bandwidth keeps changing. RFC 6342 Mobile Networks Considerations for IPv6 Deployment What phone operators have to think about when they move their networks from IPv4 to IPv6. RFC 6547 RFC 3627 Historic RFC 3627 to Historic Status Marks the old advice against /127 router links as Historic, so readers follow the newer RFC 6164 instead. RFC 9063 HIP Architecture Host Identity Protocol Architecture An architecture that names computers by a public key instead of by where they are plugged in. RFC 815 IP Reassembly IP Datagram Reassembly Algorithms A way to rebuild a fragmented IP datagram with one buffer and a list of missing gaps, whatever order the pieces arrive in. RFC 1762 PPP DECnet The PPP DECnet Phase IV Control Protocol (DNCP) How a PPP link agrees to carry DECnet Phase IV routing traffic, treating the serial line like an Ethernet. RFC 1989 PPP LQM PPP Link Quality Monitoring How the two ends of a PPP link count packets and octets and swap reports to see how well the link is doing. RFC 4066 CARD Candidate Access Router Discovery (CARD) Protocol for mobile devices to discover and evaluate handover candidates before switching access routers RFC 5172 IPV6CP compression Negotiation for IPv6 Datagram Compression Using IPv6 Control Protocol How the two ends of a PPP link agree to compress IPv6 packets, using one option in the IPv6 Control Protocol. RFC 5175 RA Flags Option IPv6 Router Advertisement Flags Option A new Router Advertisement option that adds 48 more flag bits when the original 8-bit flags field ran short. RFC 6743 ILNPv6 locator update ICMP Locator Update Message for the Identifier-Locator Network Protocol for IPv6 (ILNPv6) A message that lets a moving IPv6 node tell others about its new locations. RFC 6745 ILNPv4 locator update ICMP Locator Update Message for the Identifier-Locator Network Protocol for IPv4 (ILNPv4) An ICMP message that tells ILNP nodes when addresses change on the network. RFC 6746 ILNPv4 options IPv4 Options for the Identifier-Locator Network Protocol (ILNP) IPv4 header options that carry ILNP identifiers and nonces for security. RFC 3775 Mobile IPv6 Mobility Support in IPv6 How an IPv6 node keeps its address and its connections alive while it moves from one network to another. RFC 2002 Mobile IP IP Mobility Support How a laptop or phone can move between networks and keep the same IP address, with a home agent forwarding its traffic. RFC 794 Pre-emption How high-priority traffic could push aside lower-priority users when a network or a host is saturated. RFC 1180 TCP/IP Tutorial A TCP/IP Tutorial The layers and routing of internet protocol networks RFC 1435 IESG Advice from Experience with Path MTU Discovery Routers that suppress ICMP messages silently break Path MTU Discovery, and the IESG says how to fix it. RFC 1547 PPP requirements Requirements for an Internet Standard Point-to-Point Protocol The 1989 checklist of what a standard protocol for point-to-point links had to do, and why every existing option fell short. RFC 1853 IP in IP Tunneling IP in IP Tunneling Encapsulating IP packets inside IP packets to bridge networks. RFC 1932 IP over ATM Framework IP over ATM: A Framework Document Framework for choosing how to run IP networks on top of ATM infrastructure. RFC 1937 Local/Remote Forwarding "Local/Remote" Forwarding Decision in Switched Data Link Subnetworks Let networks choose direct or routed paths based on traffic needs, not just IP addresses. RFC 1974 PPP Stac LZS PPP Stac LZS Compression Protocol How PPP compresses packets with Stac LZS, using one or many histories and CCP resets to stay in sync. RFC 1979 PPP Deflate PPP Deflate Protocol Using the zip and gzip deflate format to compress PPP packets, with sequence numbers and a clever escape for incompressible data. RFC 2101 IPv4 Address Behaviour Today An IAB note on how NAT, private addresses, CIDR and renumbering changed what an IPv4 address means. RFC 2118 MPPC Microsoft Point-To-Point Compression (MPPC) Protocol Compression scheme for Point-to-Point Protocol data on dial-up links RFC 2395 IPComp LZS IP Payload Compression Using LZS How to squeeze IP packet payloads with the LZS compression algorithm, one datagram at a time. RFC 2450 Proposed TLA and NLA Assignment Rule Rules for distributing the first layer of IPv6 address space. RFC 2614 SLP API An API for Service Location Standard C and Java programming interfaces, plus file formats, for finding network services with the Service Location Protocol. RFC 2666 Definitions of Object Identifiers for Identifying Ethernet Chip Sets A registry of ID numbers that name the Ethernet chips inside network equipment, kept for backward compatibility. RFC 3531 A Flexible Method for Managing the Assignment of Bits of an IPv6 Address Block A method for managing IPv6 address space without committing all bits upfront. RFC 3750 Unmanaged Networks IPv6 Transition Scenarios How homes and small offices will transition from IPv4 to IPv6 RFC 4038 IPv6 App Transition Application Aspects of IPv6 Transition How network applications should be adapted so they work over IPv6, IPv4 or both during the transition. RFC 4057 IPv6 Enterprise IPv6 Enterprise Network Scenarios Reference scenarios for rolling out IPv6 in corporate networks RFC 4093 Mobile IPv4 VPN Problem Problem Statement: Mobile IPv4 Traversal of Virtual Private Network (VPN) Gateways Why Mobile IPv4 breaks when used inside a corporate VPN RFC 4260 MIPv6 FMIP 802.11 Mobile IPv6 Fast Handovers for 802.11 Networks Keeping WiFi connections alive during handoffs between access points. RFC 4392 IPoIB Architecture IP over InfiniBand (IPoIB) Architecture A tour of InfiniBand and the ground rules for running IPv4 and IPv6 over it. RFC 4562 MAC-Forced Forwarding MAC-Forced Forwarding: A Method for Subscriber Separation on an Ethernet Access Network Isolating customer networks on shared Ethernet access lines RFC 4957 Link-Layer Events Link-Layer Event Notifications for Detecting Network Attachments How network interfaces signal when they connect or disconnect. RFC 5149 MIPv6 Service Selection Service Selection for Mobile IPv6 A way for mobile devices to specify which service they want when registering with a home agent. RFC 5154 IP over IEEE 802.16 Problem Statement and Goals Finding the right way to run IP networks on wireless broadband. RFC 5375 IPv6 Address Planning IPv6 Unicast Address Assignment Considerations Advice for planning how to hand out IPv6 unicast addresses across a network, with enterprise and ISP case studies. RFC 5558 VET Virtual Enterprise Traversal (VET) Automatic provisioning and routing for enterprise networks of varied link types. RFC 5569 6rd IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) How ISPs rapidly deploy IPv6 over existing IPv4 networks to customers RFC 5889 IP Addressing Model in Ad Hoc Networks How to configure router interface addresses and prefixes when you cannot know who is on the other end of the link. RFC 5902 IAB Thoughts on IPv6 Network Address Translation The IAB's perspective on IPv6 network address translators and the trade-offs they present. RFC 6097 LMA Discovery Local Mobility Anchor (LMA) Discovery for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Ways for a Proxy Mobile IPv6 gateway to find the right mobility anchor automatically instead of by static configuration. RFC 6418 Provisioning domains Multiple Interfaces and Provisioning Domains Problem Statement When a device has multiple networks, configuration gets conflicted RFC 6908 Deployment Considerations for Dual-Stack Lite Operating a system that runs IPv4 over IPv6 networks RFC 6959 SAVI Source Address Validation Improvement (SAVI) Threat Scope Threats from IP source address spoofing and validation strategies RFC 6967 Analysis of Potential Solutions for Revealing a Host Identifier (HOST_ID) in Shared Address Deployments Evaluating methods to identify individual hosts sharing a public IP address. RFC 7051 Analysis of Solution Proposals for Hosts to Learn NAT64 Prefix Analyzing ways for hosts to discover IPv6 prefixes used for network translation. RFC 7368 Homenet Architecture IPv6 Home Networking Architecture Principles The principles for a self-configuring IPv6 home network with several subnets and routers. RFC 7421 Analysis of the 64-bit Boundary in IPv6 Addressing Why IPv6 subnets are fixed at /64, and what would break if the boundary between prefix and interface identifier could move. RFC 7819 DHCP Privacy Privacy Considerations for DHCP How DHCP reveals device identities and enables tracking RFC 8877 Packet Timestamps Guidelines for Defining Packet Timestamps A template for defining binary packet timestamps, plus three recommended formats from NTP and PTP. RFC 9434 DRIP Architecture Drone Remote Identification Protocol (DRIP) Architecture How drones can announce a verifiable identity in flight, using cryptographic IDs, DNS registries and existing Internet protocols. RFC 2373 IPv6 Addressing IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture How 128-bit IPv6 addresses are written, divided into types, and which ones every node must recognize. RFC 2462 IPv6 SLAAC IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration How an IPv6 host builds its own addresses from a router's prefix and its own interface identifier, with no server needed. RFC 5735 Special Use IPv4 Addresses A single list of the IPv4 address blocks set aside for private networks, loopback, testing, documentation and other special jobs. RFC 893 Trailer encapsulation Trailer encapsulations Putting variable-length protocol headers after the data so a receiver can keep the data page-aligned and avoid copying it. RFC 914 Thinwire Thinwire protocol for connecting personal computers to the Internet A 1984 discussion paper on squeezing TCP/IP over slow modem lines, with three proposed ways to do it. RFC 940 Toward an Internet standard scheme for subnetting The GADS task force argues for one standard way to subnet, using a 32-bit mask to decide whether a destination is on the local subnet. RFC 1329 Thoughts on Address Resolution for Dual MAC FDDI Networks A proposal for a load sharing layer that lets dual MAC FDDI stations use both rings while ARP and IP stay unchanged. RFC 1471 PPP LCP MIB The Definitions of Managed Objects for the Link Control Protocol of the Point-to-Point Protocol SNMP objects for monitoring and configuring PPP links, their quality reports and two built-in link tests. RFC 1618 PPP over ISDN PPP over ISDN How to run PPP over ISDN channels, and which framing, encoding and timer choices make different vendors interoperate. RFC 2005 Mobile IP Applicability Applicability Statement for IP Mobility Support A short note on what Mobile IP is good for, and proof that it was ready to become a Proposed Standard. RFC 2333 NHRP Applicability NHRP Protocol Applicability Statement When the Next Hop Resolution Protocol is a good fit for IP over ATM, SMDS and X.25, and where it can go wrong. RFC 2335 NHRP over SCSP A Distributed NHRP Service Using SCSP How several NHRP servers in one subnet keep their client databases in step using SCSP. RFC 2602 ILMI MARS Discovery ILMI-Based Server Discovery for MARS How an ATM host or router asks its switch where the MARS multicast server is, instead of being configured by hand. RFC 2610 DHCP Options for SLP DHCP Options for Service Location Protocol Two DHCP options that tell SLP agents where their Directory Agents are and which scopes to use. RFC 2855 DHCP over IEEE 1394 DHCP for IEEE 1394 Clarifies how DHCP works over IEEE 1394 (FireWire) networks RFC 2937 The Name Service Search Option for DHCP Allows DHCP servers to specify the order for consulting name services RFC 3074 DHC Load Balancing DHC Load Balancing Algorithm A hashing rule that lets several DHCP servers split clients between them without talking to each other. RFC 3111 SLP for IPv6 Service Location Protocol Modifications for IPv6 The small set of changes that lets Service Location Protocol version 2 find network services over IPv6. RFC 3122 IPv6 Inverse ND Extensions to IPv6 Neighbor Discovery for Inverse Discovery Specification How an IPv6 node that knows a neighbor's link-layer address can ask for that neighbor's IPv6 addresses. RFC 3337 PPP over AAL2 classes Class Extensions for PPP over Asynchronous Transfer Mode Adaptation Layer 2 Letting urgent voice fragments cut in front of bulk data on a single low-speed ATM circuit, using only what AAL2 already provides. RFC 3527 DHCP Link Selection Link Selection sub-option for the Relay Agent Information Option for DHCPv4 A DHCP relay sub-option that names the subnet to allocate from, separate from the address used to reach the relay. RFC 3595 Textual Conventions for IPv6 Flow Label Two shared MIB data types so every management module describes the IPv6 Flow Label the same way. RFC 3634 Key Distribution Center (KDC) Server Address Sub-option for the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) CableLabs Client Configuration (CCC) Option A small DHCP sub-option that tells a cable device the IPv4 addresses of its Kerberos key servers. RFC 3846 Mobile IPv4 NAI Mobile IPv4 Extension for Carrying Network Access Identifiers A Mobile IPv4 extension that lets a home agent hand a mobile node the identities of itself and its home AAA server. RFC 3925 DHCPv4 Vendor Options Vendor-Identifying Vendor Options for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version 4 (DHCPv4) Two DHCPv4 options that label each vendor's data with an IANA Enterprise Number, so several vendors can share one packet. RFC 3993 Subscriber-ID Suboption for the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Relay Agent Option A DHCP relay agent suboption that carries a stable subscriber ID, whatever network path the customer uses. RFC 4039 DHCPv4 Rapid Commit Rapid Commit Option for the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version 4 (DHCPv4) A DHCPv4 option that lets a client get its address in two messages instead of four. RFC 4075 DHCPv6 SNTP Option Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Configuration Option for DHCPv6 A DHCPv6 option that hands a client a list of IPv6 addresses of SNTP time servers. RFC 4390 DHCP over InfiniBand Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) over InfiniBand How DHCP clients on InfiniBand fill in message fields when the link address is too long for the hardware address slot. RFC 4649 DHCPv6 Remote-ID Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) Relay Agent Remote-ID Option How a DHCPv6 relay agent tells the server which remote user, port or circuit a request came from. RFC 4917 Mobile IPv4 Message String Extension A way for Mobile IPv4 agents to attach a human-readable text message to registration replies. RFC 5010 DHCPv4 Relay Flags The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Version 4 (DHCPv4) Relay Agent Flags Suboption A one-byte flag from the DHCP relay that tells the server whether the client's request arrived by unicast or broadcast. RFC 5107 DHCP Server ID Override DHCP Server Identifier Override Suboption How a DHCP relay can make clients send their lease renewals through it instead of straight to the server. RFC 5142 MIPv6 HA Switch Mobility Header Home Agent Switch Message A signal that tells a Mobile IPv6 node its home agent is going away and where to look for a new one. RFC 5265 MIPv4 over IPsec VPN Mobile IPv4 Traversal across IPsec-Based VPN Gateways How a roaming laptop keeps its sessions alive across networks while still using an IPsec VPN, and how it safely knows when it is back inside. RFC 5269 FMIPv6 Key via SEND Distributing a Symmetric Fast Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) Handover Key Using SEcure Neighbor Discovery (SEND) How a router hands a mobile device a shared key, using Secure Neighbor Discovery, so fast handover requests can be trusted. RFC 5970 DHCPv6 network boot DHCPv6 Options for Network Boot Four DHCPv6 options that tell a computer where to fetch its boot file and how to run it. RFC 6081 Teredo Teredo Extensions Six optional add-ons that let Teredo IPv6 tunneling work through more kinds of NATs and with less load on its servers. RFC 6148 DHCPv4 Leasequery RID DHCPv4 Lease Query by Relay Agent Remote ID Lets a relay agent that lost its memory ask a DHCP server for every lease on a circuit, using the circuit's Remote ID. RFC 6276 DHCPv6-PD for NEMO DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for Network Mobility (NEMO) How a mobile router borrows DHCPv6 prefix delegation from its home agent to get the address blocks for its mobile network. RFC 6355 DUID-UUID Definition of the UUID-Based DHCPv6 Unique Identifier (DUID-UUID) Use a device's UUID as its DHCPv6 unique identifier. RFC 6440 ERP local domain option The EAP Re-authentication Protocol (ERP) Local Domain Name DHCPv6 Option A DHCPv6 option that tells a device the local domain name it needs for fast EAP re-authentication. RFC 6543 PMIPv6 Reserved IID Reserved IPv6 Interface Identifier for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Reserves a fixed Ethernet address and IPv6 interface identifier for Proxy Mobile IPv6 gateways. RFC 6564 A Uniform Format for IPv6 Extension Headers Rules for when to invent a new IPv6 extension header, and one shared layout so middleboxes can skip it safely. RFC 6602 Bulk Binding Update Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Refresh a whole group of Proxy Mobile IPv6 sessions with one message instead of one message per session. RFC 6610 MIPv6 Home Discovery DHCP Options for Home Information Discovery in Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) DHCPv6 options that tell a Mobile IPv6 device which home agent and home network to use. RFC 6611 MIPv6 Bootstrap Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) Bootstrapping for the Integrated Scenario How a roaming Mobile IPv6 node finds its home agent when one operator handles both access and mobility. RFC 6644 DHCPv6 Reconf Rebind Rebind Capability in DHCPv6 Reconfigure Messages Lets a DHCPv6 server tell a client to send a Rebind, so the client can be moved to a different server. RFC 6704 Forcerenew Nonce Forcerenew Nonce Authentication A way to authenticate DHCPv4 FORCERENEW messages with a per-client nonce, without distributing keys out of band. RFC 6909 IPv4 Offload Selector IPv4 Traffic Offload Selector Option for Proxy Mobile IPv6 A Proxy Mobile IPv6 option that lets two nodes agree which IPv4 flows skip the tunnel home and leave at the access network. RFC 6911 RADIUS Attributes for IPv6 Access Networks Five new RADIUS attributes that let an authentication server hand out IPv6 addresses, DNS servers, routes and pool names to broadband customers. RFC 6925 DHCPv4 Relay-ID The DHCPv4 Relay Agent Identifier Sub-Option A name tag for DHCPv4 relay agents so servers can tell which relay a message came through. RFC 6977 DHCPv6 Reconfigure-Request Triggering DHCPv6 Reconfiguration from Relay Agents Lets a DHCPv6 relay agent tell the server that configuration changed, so the server can reconfigure clients. RFC 7037 DHCPv6 RADIUS Option RADIUS Option for the DHCPv6 Relay Agent Lets a relay agent that is also a RADIUS client hand RADIUS authorization data to a DHCPv6 server. RFC 7219 SEND SAVI SEcure Neighbor Discovery (SEND) Source Address Validation Improvement (SAVI) How a switch uses SEND-secured Neighbor Discovery to pin each IPv6 source address to the port it legitimately belongs to. RFC 7225 PCP NAT64 Prefix Option Discovering NAT64 IPv6 Prefixes Using the Port Control Protocol (PCP) A PCP option that tells an IPv6-only host which prefix its NAT64 uses to turn IPv4 addresses into IPv6 ones. RFC 7389 PMIPv6 CP-UP Split Separation of Control and User Plane for Proxy Mobile IPv6 A new Proxy Mobile IPv6 option lets the anchor use one address for signaling and another for user traffic. RFC 7428 IPv6 over G.9959 Transmission of IPv6 Packets over ITU-T G.9959 Networks How tiny home-automation radios carry IPv6 packets, and how they build their own IPv6 addresses. RFC 7648 PCP Proxy Port Control Protocol (PCP) Proxy Function A relay that lets PCP clients behind one or more NATs reach the PCP server upstream. RFC 7695 Prefix Assignment Distributed Prefix Assignment Algorithm A distributed algorithm that lets routers divide address prefixes among links without overlaps and without central configuration. RFC 7724 Active DHCPv4 Leasequery Active DHCPv4 Lease Query A long-lived DHCPv4 connection that streams lease changes to an outside system as they happen. RFC 7756 SIIT-DC Dual Translation Stateless IP/ICMP Translation for IPv6 Internet Data Center Environments (SIIT-DC): Dual Translation Mode Adds an Edge Relay so IPv4-only software can run inside an IPv6-only data center with its real IPv4 addresses intact. RFC 7843 PCP THIRD_PARTY_ID Port Control Protocol (PCP) Third-Party ID Option An extra identifier for PCP requests made on behalf of a host that its IP address alone cannot identify. RFC 8105 IPv6 over DECT ULE Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) Ultra Low Energy (ULE) How tiny battery-powered DECT cordless-phone radios carry IPv6 traffic using 6LoWPAN tricks. RFC 8163 IPv6 over MS/TP Transmission of IPv6 over Master-Slave/Token-Passing (MS/TP) Networks How IPv6 packets ride on the token-passing RS-485 wiring used in building automation. RFC 8335 PROBE PROBE: A Utility for Probing Interfaces A ping-like probe that asks a nearby proxy whether another interface is up, with no direct path to it needed. RFC 8371 MIPv6 node identifiers Mobile Node Identifier Types for MIPv6 New kinds of identifier, such as IMSI, MAC addresses and DUIDs, for naming a mobile node in Mobile IPv6. RFC 8469 Recommendation to Use the Ethernet Control Word Why Ethernet pseudowires should almost always carry the control word, so routers stop mistaking Ethernet frames for IP packets. RFC 8691 IPv6 over 802.11-OCB Basic Support for IPv6 Networks Operating Outside the Context of a Basic Service Set over IEEE Std 802.11 How ordinary IPv6 runs between cars and roadside units that talk Wi-Fi without ever joining a network. RFC 8801 PvD RA option Discovering Provisioning Domain Names and Data A Router Advertisement option that gives each set of network settings a name, so a device on several networks can keep them apart. RFC 8883 ICMPv6 Errors for Discarding Packets Due to Processing Limits New ICMPv6 error codes that tell a sender why a router or host dropped its packet for having headers that were too much to process. RFC 8925 IPv6-Only Preferred IPv6-Only Preferred Option for DHCPv4 A DHCPv4 option that lets IPv6-capable hosts skip IPv4 addresses when the network says IPv6 alone is enough. RFC 8947 DHCPv6 LL Address Link-Layer Address Assignment Mechanism for DHCPv6 How a DHCPv6 server can hand out blocks of MAC addresses to hypervisors and devices, so large fleets avoid address collisions. RFC 9011 SCHC over LoRaWAN Static Context Header Compression and Fragmentation (SCHC) over LoRaWAN How to squeeze IPv6 headers and slice large packets so they fit into tiny LoRaWAN frames. RFC 9032 6TiSCH EB IEs Encapsulation of 6TiSCH Join and Enrollment Information Elements Extra join and enrollment hints packed into the beacon frames that announce a TSCH network. RFC 9159 IPv6 Mesh over BLE IPv6 Mesh over BLUETOOTH(R) Low Energy Using the Internet Protocol Support Profile (IPSP) How IPv6 packets hop from device to device across a mesh of Bluetooth Low Energy links. RFC 9343 IPv6 Alternate-Marking IPv6 Application of the Alternate-Marking Method An IPv6 option that carries Alternate-Marking bits so networks can passively measure packet loss and delay on live traffic. RFC 9354 IPv6 over PLC Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Power Line Communication (PLC) Networks How to run IPv6 over the electric power lines that connect smart meters and street lights. RFC 9673 IPv6 HbH Processing IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Processing Procedures Updated rules that let IPv6 routers skip Hop-by-Hop options safely instead of dropping or choking on those packets. RFC 9686 DHCPv6 Addr Registration Registering Self-Generated IPv6 Addresses Using DHCPv6 How a device tells a DHCPv6 server about the IPv6 addresses it made up for itself, so logs stay complete. RFC 9762 RA P flag Using Router Advertisements to Signal the Availability of DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation to Clients A one-bit flag in IPv6 Router Advertisements that tells clients to ask for their own prefix instead of building addresses from the shared one. RFC 9769 NTP interleaved modes NTP Interleaved Modes NTP gets a trick for delivering a packet's true send time in the next packet, so clocks can be set more accurately. RFC 9928 DHCPv4 over DHCPv6 relay DHCPv4 over DHCPv6 with Relay Agent Support Lets a relay in the network do the DHCPv4-over-DHCPv6 work for IPv4-only clients that cannot do it themselves. RFC 10030 NTP over PTP Network Time Protocol (NTP) over the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) How to wrap NTP messages inside PTP messages so timestamping hardware and transparent clocks can help NTP. RFC 1548 PPP The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) The standard way to run several network protocols over a single point-to-point line, with self-negotiated link settings. RFC 4941 IPv6 Privacy Addresses Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6 How an IPv6 device can use short-lived random addresses so that it is harder to track across networks and over time. RFC 5201 HIP Host Identity Protocol Separating host identity from IP address to survive address changes and provide strong authentication. RFC 878 ARPANET 1822L ARPANET 1822L Host Access Protocol How ARPANET hosts could address each other by logical name instead of by the physical port they were plugged into. RFC 1069 Guidelines for the use of Internet-IP addresses in the ISO Connectionless-Mode Network Protocol A 20-octet address layout for carrying ISO CLNP traffic across the Internet, with room for IP addresses inside. RFC 1226 AX.25 over IP Internet protocol encapsulation of AX.25 frames Carries amateur radio packet protocol inside Internet packets RFC 1241 Encapsulation Protocol Scheme for an internet encapsulation protocol: Version 1 A scheme for tunneling datagrams through intermediate networks. RFC 5320 SEAL The Subnetwork Encapsulation and Adaptation Layer (SEAL) A mid-layer encapsulation for tunnels that handles mismatched packet sizes and packet duplication. RFC 6744 ILNPv6 nonce option IPv6 Nonce Destination Option for the Identifier-Locator Network Protocol for IPv6 (ILNPv6) A secret stamp in IPv6 packets that protects ILNP from off-path attacks. RFC 2780 IANA Allocation Guidelines For Values In the Internet Protocol and Related Headers Writes down which approval process IANA follows when handing out values in IP, ICMP, UDP and TCP header fields. RFC 3513 IPv6 Addressing Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Addressing Architecture How 128-bit IPv6 addresses are written, what kinds exist, and which ones every node must recognize as its own. RFC 1981 IPv6 Path MTU Discovery Path MTU Discovery for IP version 6 How an IPv6 sender finds the largest packet that fits along a whole path, using Packet Too Big messages. RFC 3484 IPv6 address selection Default Address Selection for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) Default rules for choosing which source and destination address an IPv6 host should use. RFC 9386 IPv6 Deployment Status A 2022 progress report on who has moved to IPv6, how, and what still holds the rest back. RFC 1883 IPv6 Specification Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification The next-generation Internet Protocol with 128-bit addresses and flexible headers. RFC 1331 PPP The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) for the Transmission of Multi-protocol Datagrams over Point-to-Point Links The original standard way to send IP and other network traffic over a plain serial link, with a built-in negotiation protocol. RFC 1483 IP over ATM AAL5 Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 Two ways to wrap routed and bridged network traffic inside ATM AAL5 frames. RFC 2463 ICMPv6 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification The error reports and ping messages that every IPv6 node must understand. RFC 2553 IPv6 Sockets API Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6 The changes to the Berkeley sockets API that let ordinary TCP and UDP programs use 128-bit IPv6 addresses. RFC 879 TCP MSS The TCP Maximum Segment Size and Related Topics The memo that pins down what the TCP Maximum Segment Size option counts: the IP datagram size minus forty. RFC 3041 IPv6 Privacy Addresses Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6 Generating temporary IPv6 addresses to prevent device tracking RFC 928 H-FP Introduction to proposed DoD standard H-FP How to talk to an outboard processor that runs your network protocols for you. RFC 932 Subnetwork addressing scheme A way to split one IP network into multiple subnets without changing host software. RFC 941 ISO network addressing Addendum to the network service definition covering network layer addressing How the ISO standard defines network-layer addresses so any computer in the world can be uniquely identified. RFC 1027 Proxy ARP Using ARP to implement transparent subnet gateways Letting routers pretend to be destination hosts on the same network. RFC 1552 IPXCP The PPP Internetworking Packet Exchange Control Protocol (IPXCP) How two ends of a PPP link agree on the settings for carrying Novell IPX traffic. RFC 1553 CIPX Compressing IPX Headers Over WAN Media (CIPX) A Van Jacobson style trick that shrinks 30-byte IPX headers down to one to seven bytes on slow links. RFC 1577 IP over ATM Classical IP and ARP over ATM Running IP networks over ATM as if it were Ethernet. RFC 1219 On the assignment of subnet numbers A flexible numbering technique that lets networks grow without renumbering existing machines. RFC 1369 Implementation Notes and Experience for the Internet Ethernet MIB A 1992 report on which Ethernet MIB variables vendors actually built, and what the working group decided to drop. RFC 1526 Assignment of System Identifiers for TUBA/CLNP Hosts How to assign unique addresses to computers transitioning to OSI networking RFC 1620 Internet Architecture Extensions for Shared Media How to avoid unnecessary router hops when two systems are on the same network. RFC 1710 SIPP Simple Internet Protocol Plus White Paper Design overview of the next generation Internet Protocol with 64-bit addresses RFC 1814 Unique Addresses are Good Why enterprises should apply for globally unique IP addresses. RFC 1877 PPP IPCP DNS Addresses PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol Extensions for Name Server Addresses Extend PPP to negotiate DNS and NetBIOS name server addresses when a dial-up link comes up. RFC 1924 Compact IPv6 Addresses A Compact Representation of IPv6 Addresses An April Fools joke proposing base-85 encoding for IPv6 addresses RFC 1953 IFMP Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol Specification for IPv4 Version 1.0 A protocol for labeling IP flows at layer 2. RFC 1977 PPP BSD Compress PPP BSD Compression Protocol The LZW compression algorithm applied to Point-to-Point Protocol links. RFC 2336 Classical IP and ARP over ATM to NHRP Transition Moving from ATMARP to NHRP address resolution over ATM networks. RFC 2353 APPN/HPR in IP Networks APPN Implementers' Workshop Closed Pages Document APPN and High Performance Routing over Internet Protocol networks. RFC 2394 IPComp DEFLATE IP Payload Compression Using DEFLATE How the DEFLATE compression algorithm plugs into the IP Payload Compression Protocol. RFC 2583 Guidelines for Next Hop Client (NHC) Developers How to implement protocol clients for ATM shortcut routing RFC 2892 Cisco SRP The Cisco SRP MAC Layer Protocol A protocol for efficiently sharing ring-based network media among multiple nodes. RFC 3089 SOCKS IPv6/IPv4 Gateway A SOCKS-based IPv6/IPv4 Gateway Mechanism How to let IPv4-only and IPv6-only hosts talk to each other across the address gap RFC 3178 IPv6 Multihoming Support at Site Exit Routers How a site with two ISPs can survive a link failure without adding routes to the worldwide IPv6 routing table. RFC 3583 Requirements of a Quality of Service (QoS) Solution for Mobile IP What Mobile IP needs from quality-of-service mechanisms to work well. RFC 3790 Survey of IPv4 Addresses in Currently Deployed IETF Internet Area Standards Track and Experimental Documents Detailed survey of IPv4 dependencies in Internet Area protocols like DNS, DHCP, and IPv6 transition mechanisms. RFC 4076 Stateless DHCPv6 Renumbering Requirements for Stateless Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) How IPv6 hosts learn about network changes when using stateless configuration RFC 4135 DNA goals Goals of Detecting Network Attachment in IPv6 Requirements for quick and safe IPv6 network re-attachment detection RFC 4215 Analysis on IPv6 Transition in Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Networks How mobile phone networks can move to IPv6 while handsets and servers still speak IPv4. RFC 4578 DHCP options for PXE Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Options for the Intel Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE) Describing a computer's identity during network boot RFC 4638 PPPoE large MRU Accommodating a Maximum Transit Unit/Maximum Receive Unit (MTU/MRU) Greater Than 1492 in the Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) How to negotiate larger packet sizes over PPPoE without breaking backward compatibility. RFC 4779 ISP IPv6 Deployment Scenarios in Broadband Access Networks Deploying IPv6 in cable, DSL, Ethernet, wireless, and power-line broadband networks. RFC 4831 NETLMM Goals Goals for Network-Based Localized Mobility Management (NETLMM) Design goals for having the network track mobile devices instead of requiring software updates on phones. RFC 4882 Mobile IPv6 Location Privacy IP Address Location Privacy and Mobile IPv6: Problem Statement The risks of revealing where a mobile device is when using Mobile IPv6. RFC 4887 NEMO Network Mobility Home Network Models Different ways to organize the home network for mobile routers that travel with their networks. RFC 4889 NEMO Network Mobility Route Optimization Solution Space Analysis Analyzing different ways to optimize routes in mobile networks RFC 4947 Address Resolution Mechanisms for IP Datagrams over MPEG-2 Networks How to find IP addresses in digital TV broadcast transmission streams. RFC 4977 Dual Stack Mobility Problem Statement: Dual Stack Mobility Why a phone that speaks IPv4 and IPv6 should not need two separate mobility protocols. RFC 4980 NEMO Multihoming Analysis of Multihoming in Network Mobility Support Sorting out the eight ways a moving network, like a train or a car, can connect to the Internet in several places at once. RFC 5113 Network Discovery and Selection Problem Defining how devices choose among available networks to connect to. RFC 5211 An Internet Transition Plan A phased timeline for transitioning the Internet from IPv4 to IPv6 RFC 5266 MIPv4 with MOBIKE Secure Connectivity and Mobility Using Mobile IPv4 and IKEv2 Mobility and Multihoming (MOBIKE) How a laptop keeps both its VPN tunnel and its Mobile IP session alive as it roams between trusted and untrusted networks. RFC 5505 Host configuration Principles of Internet Host Configuration Guidance for designing systems that automatically give computers their network settings. RFC 5563 WiMAX Proxy Mobile IPv4 WiMAX Forum / 3GPP2 Proxy Mobile IPv4 Network-based mobility for IPv4 devices without client software. RFC 6219 CERNET IVI The China Education and Research Network (CERNET) IVI Translation Design and Deployment for the IPv4/IPv6 Coexistence and Transition How a Chinese research network let IPv6-only hosts and the IPv4 Internet reach each other with a stateless address mapping. RFC 6250 Evolution of the IP Model What the IP service model actually promises—and how those promises have changed. RFC 6272 Smart Grid protocols Internet Protocols for the Smart Grid Which Internet Protocol Suite protocols are essential for building and operating a smart electrical grid. RFC 6294 IPv6 Flow Label Survey of Proposed Use Cases for the IPv6 Flow Label What the IPv6 flow label field is for and why nobody uses it RFC 6316 Sockets Application Program Interface (API) for Multihoming Shim API for applications to control multihomed host path selection RFC 6436 Rationale for Update to the IPv6 Flow Label Specification Why the IPv6 flow label rules of RFC 3697 were too strict to be useful, and what should change. RFC 6568 6LoWPAN Use Cases Design and Application Spaces for IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPANs) Applying IPv6 to power-constrained wireless sensor networks RFC 6589 Considerations for Transitioning Content to IPv6 Strategies for gradually moving web services to IPv6 addressing RFC 6666 IPv6 Discard Prefix A Discard Prefix for IPv6 A reserved IPv6 prefix for filtering and discarding unwanted traffic. RFC 6879 IPv6 Enterprise Network Renumbering Scenarios, Considerations, and Methods How to plan, prepare for, and execute an IPv6 network renumbering in an enterprise. RFC 7010 IPv6 Site Renumbering Gap Analysis Challenges and tools for changing the IP addresses of all devices in an IPv6 network. RFC 7031 DHCPv6 Failover Requirements What a standard way for two DHCPv6 servers to back each other up would have to do, and what it would leave out. RFC 7040 Public 4over6 Public IPv4-over-IPv6 Access Network Giving users a real, unshared IPv4 address through an IPv6-only access network by tunneling IPv4 inside IPv6. RFC 7094 Architectural Considerations of IP Anycast Delivering services from multiple locations using the same IP address. RFC 7278 Extending an IPv6 /64 Prefix from a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Mobile Interface to a LAN Link How a mobile device can share its single IPv6 address block with connected laptops and phones. RFC 7279 ICMP Use Policy An Acceptable Use Policy for New ICMP Types and Codes Guidelines on when it is, and is not, a good idea to add new message types and codes to ICMP. RFC 7381 Enterprise IPv6 Deployment Guidelines A phased playbook for enterprise network teams rolling out IPv6 alongside IPv4. RFC 7429 DMM gap analysis Distributed Mobility Management: Current Practices and Gap Analysis How today's mobility protocols work when anchors are distributed instead of centralized. RFC 7561 PMIPv6 and WLAN QoS Mapping Quality of Service (QoS) Procedures of Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) and WLAN How Wi-Fi admission control requests line up with Proxy Mobile IPv6 QoS signaling. RFC 7785 DS-Lite Prefix Binding Recommendations for Prefix Binding in the Context of Softwire Dual-Stack Lite Keeping connections stable when a customer's IPv6 address changes RFC 7847 Logical-Interface Support for IP Hosts with Multi-Access Support How hosts hide multiple network connections behind a single virtual interface. RFC 7849 An IPv6 Profile for 3GPP Mobile Devices A checklist of IPv6 features a 3GPP phone, dongle or cellular router should support, including IPv4 access over IPv6-only networks. RFC 7969 DHCP by Topology Customizing DHCP Configuration on the Basis of Network Topology How DHCP servers use relay information to hand out different settings depending on where a client is attached. RFC 8021 IPv6 Atomic Fragments Generation of IPv6 Atomic Fragments Considered Harmful Why sending IPv6 packets with fragment headers is a security risk. RFC 8117 Current Hostname Practice Considered Harmful A privacy analysis of hostname disclosure in Internet protocols RFC 8136 Additional Transition Functionality for IPv6 An April 1st joke about security flags for both IPv4 and IPv6 RFC 8157 GRE Tunnel Bonding Huawei's GRE Tunnel Bonding Protocol Combining wired and cellular links for more capacity and reliability RFC 8273 IPv6 Prefix per Host Unique IPv6 Prefix per Host Give each device its own IPv6 street, not just an address on a shared one. RFC 8387 Securing smart objects Practical Considerations and Implementation Experiences in Securing Smart Object Networks Resource-constrained IoT devices can implement cryptographic security despite memory and power limitations. RFC 8653 On-demand mobility On-Demand Mobility Management Let mobile apps request exactly the IP stability they need. RFC 8978 SLAAC Flash-Renumber Reaction of IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) to Flash-Renumbering Events How IPv6 hosts can handle sudden prefix changes when routers lose their memory. RFC 8992 Autonomic IPv6 Prefix Autonomic IPv6 Edge Prefix Management in Large-Scale Networks Automating the distribution of address blocks in large ISP networks. RFC 9313 IPv4aaS Pros and Cons Pros and Cons of IPv6 Transition Technologies for IPv4-as-a-Service (IPv4aaS) A buyer's guide to the five main ways an IPv6-only ISP can keep serving IPv4 to its customers. RFC 9637 Expanding the IPv6 Documentation Space Reserves 3fff::/20 as a second, much larger IPv6 block for documentation examples. RFC 9818 CE router PD DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation on IPv6 Customer Edge (CE) Routers in LANs Rules for home and small-office routers to hand spare IPv6 prefixes on to other routers behind them. RFC 9872 NAT64 prefix discovery Recommendations for Discovering IPv6 Prefix Used for IPv6 Address Synthesis Why IPv6-only hosts should learn the NAT64 prefix from Router Advertisements instead of asking DNS. RFC 5798 VRRPv3 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Version 3 for IPv4 and IPv6 How a group of routers on one LAN share a virtual default gateway so a backup takes over when the master fails. RFC 2765 SIIT Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm (SIIT) Translate between IPv4 and IPv6 packets without keeping per-connection state. RFC 1533 DHCP options DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions The list of tagged settings that DHCP and BOOTP can hand to a host, from subnet mask to NTP servers. RFC 1497 BOOTP extensions BOOTP Vendor Information Extensions A tagged list of settings a BOOTP server can hand to a booting machine in the 64-byte vendor field. RFC 1349 IP Type of Service Type of Service in the Internet Protocol Suite How to request network paths optimized for delay, throughput, reliability, or cost RFC 2001 TCP Slow Start TCP Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast Retransmit, and Fast Recovery Algorithms The congestion control algorithms that let TCP feel out how fast the network can go. RFC 4294 IPv6 node requirements IPv6 Node Requirements A one-stop checklist of what every IPv6 host and router must, should or may implement. RFC 2893 Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers How IPv6 nodes stay compatible with IPv4 by running both stacks or tunneling IPv6 inside IPv4. RFC 1541 DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol How a host on a TCP/IP network gets an IP address and other settings automatically from a server, on a lease. RFC 1884 IPv6 Addressing IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture How the next-generation Internet numbers and routes its devices. RFC 2472 IPv6 over PPP IP Version 6 over PPP How IPv6 packets travel over PPP links, and how the two ends agree on an interface identifier. RFC 4423 HIP Architecture Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Architecture A new namespace between IP addresses and transport to decouple identity from location. RFC 1293 InARP Inverse Address Resolution Protocol Extensions to ARP that discover protocol addresses from known hardware addresses. RFC 1561 Use of ISO CLNP in TUBA Environments How to use ISO CLNP as the network layer for TCP and UDP with larger addresses. RFC 1735 NARP NBMA Address Resolution Protocol (NARP) Finding link-layer addresses on non-broadcast networks with address resolution servers. RFC 1742 AppleTalk MIB II AppleTalk Management Information Base II SNMP management objects for AppleTalk networks, extending RFC 1243 up to the transport and session layers. RFC 1868 UNARP ARP Extension - UNARP A way for a node, or a proxy ARP server, to tell the LAN that an address mapping is no longer valid. RFC 1878 IPv4 VLSM Table Variable Length Subnet Table For IPv4 A reference table of every IPv4 subnet mask from /1 to /32, with the host and network counts each one gives. RFC 1970 IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6) How IPv6 nodes find each other and learn network details on a local link RFC 2509 IPHC over PPP IP Header Compression over PPP Letting computers on a point-to-point link agree to shrink IP headers to save bandwidth. RFC 4067 CXTP Context Transfer Protocol (CXTP) Transferring mobile node state between routers during handover. RFC 4620 IPv6 node info queries IPv6 Node Information Queries Direct protocol for asking IPv6 nodes about their names and addresses RFC 4881 Low-Latency Handoffs in Mobile IPv4 Techniques to minimize handoff latency for real-time applications in Mobile IPv4. RFC 4908 Multi-homing for small scale fixed network Using Mobile IP and NEMO Using Mobile IP and NEMO protocols to improve network availability for small fixed networks. RFC 4988 MIPv4 Fast Handover Mobile IPv4 Fast Handovers Reducing delay and packet loss when Mobile IPv4 devices switch between networks. RFC 5184 Unified Layer 2 (L2) Abstractions for Layer 3 (L3)-Driven Fast Handover A unified set of primitives for Layer 3 to learn about link-layer events. RFC 5572 TSP tunnel broker IPv6 Tunnel Broker with the Tunnel Setup Protocol (TSP) A protocol to negotiate tunnels between mobile hosts and brokers. RFC 6058 Transient Binding Transient Binding for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Optimizing handovers in Proxy Mobile IPv6 with temporary dual forwarding. RFC 6078 HICCUPS Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Immediate Carriage and Conveyance of Upper-Layer Protocol Signaling (HICCUPS) Send authenticated data over HIP without completing the full handshake RFC 6079 HIP BONE HIP BONE: Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Based Overlay Networking Environment (BONE) A framework for building overlay networks using the Host Identity Protocol. RFC 6747 ILNPv4 ARP Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) for the Identifier-Locator Network Protocol for IPv4 (ILNPv4) Extensions to ARP that let it carry ILNP identifiers and locators. RFC 6751 6a44 Native IPv6 behind IPv4-to-IPv4 NAT Customer Premises Equipment (6a44) A way to provide native IPv6 through an ISP tunnel when behind an IPv4-only router. RFC 7600 4rd IPv4 Residual Deployment via IPv6 - A Stateless Solution (4rd) Tunnel IPv4 packets through IPv6-only networks while preserving transparency. RFC 9028 HIP Native NAT Native NAT Traversal Mode for the Host Identity Protocol A way for two hosts using the Host Identity Protocol to find a direct path through NATs, using HIP's own messages instead of STUN and TURN. RFC 2374 An IPv6 Aggregatable Global Unicast Address Format A hierarchical structure for IPv6 addresses to enable scalable routing RFC 1631 NAT The IP Network Address Translator (NAT) Address reuse to extend the life of IPv4 RFC 6434 IPv6 Node Requirements IPv6 Node Requirements A checklist of what IPv6 devices must support to work together. RFC 1171 PPP (Draft Standard) Point-to-Point Protocol for the transmission of multi-protocol datagrams over Point-to-Point links How to send multiple protocols over a single point-to-point serial link. RFC 1638 PPP BCP PPP Bridging Control Protocol (BCP) How two ends of a PPP link agree to act as a remote bridge between LANs. RFC 2665 Ethernet-like MIB Definitions of Managed Objects for the Ethernet-like Interface Types SNMP objects for monitoring Ethernet interfaces at all speeds. RFC 5268 MIPv6 Fast Handovers Mobile IPv6 Fast Handovers Protocol to reduce the delay when a mobile device switches between access routers. RFC 896 Nagle Algorithm Congestion Control in IP/TCP Internetworks John Nagle's 1984 note on congestion collapse, the small-packet fix that became the Nagle algorithm, and ICMP Source Quench handling. RFC 1971 IPv6 SLAAC IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration How IPv6 hosts automatically configure their own addresses without a server. RFC 3012 Mobile IPv4 Challenge/Response Extensions Challenge-response authentication for mobile nodes registering with foreign agents. RFC 4068 Fast Handovers MIPv6 Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 Reducing delay when a mobile device switches between wireless networks. RFC 5206 HIP mobility End-Host Mobility and Multihoming with the Host Identity Protocol Let HIP hosts move to new addresses without breaking established connections. RFC 6335 Service Name/Port Registry Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Procedures for the Management of the Service Name and Transport Protocol Port Number Registry The rulebook IANA follows when handing out service names and port numbers for TCP, UDP, SCTP and DCCP. RFC 1549 PPP in HDLC PPP in HDLC Framing Framing PPP packets for transmission over serial links. RFC 1885 ICMPv6 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) The control messages IPv6 uses to report errors and perform diagnostics. RFC 1933 IPv6 Transition Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers Methods for IPv6 hosts and routers to coexist with IPv4 RFC 2393 IPComp IP Payload Compression Protocol (IPComp) Compressing IP packet payloads to reduce bandwidth usage. RFC 2667 IP Tunnel MIB IP Tunnel MIB Management interface for monitoring and controlling IP tunnels. RFC 3736 Stateless DHCPv6 Stateless Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Service for IPv6 Getting DNS and other settings in IPv6 without the server tracking per-client state. RFC 5549 IPv4 NLRI over IPv6 Advertising IPv4 Network Layer Reachability Information with an IPv6 Next Hop Advertise old-style addresses across a new-style network backbone. RFC 7083 Modification to Default Values of SOL_MAX_RT and INF_MAX_RT Increases DHCPv6 retransmission timeouts and lets servers override them RFC 2878 PPP BCP PPP Bridging Control Protocol (BCP) How to connect remote Local Area Networks over point-to-point links RFC 1888 OSI NSAPs and IPv6 OSI NSAPs and IPv6 How to carry OSI NSAP addresses in IPv6 networks, and why the authors say to redesign your addressing plan instead. RFC 5204 HIP rendezvous Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Rendezvous Extension Helping mobile nodes stay reachable through an intermediate server. RFC 929 H-FP Proposed Host-Front End Protocol A draft protocol that lets a host hand its networking work to an outboard front end through a small set of text commands. RFC 935 Reliable link layer protocols A comparison of standard link layer protocols that argues for existing standards instead of new ones on slow asynchronous lines. RFC 936 Another Internet subnet addressing scheme A subnet scheme using a fixed bit to distinguish internal subnets from the main network. RFC 1046 Queuing algorithm to provide type-of-service for IP links A queuing algorithm that implements Type-of-Service classes for IP networks. RFC 1070 EON Use of the Internet as a subnetwork for experimentation with the OSI network layer A plan to test OSI network layer protocols by carrying them inside ordinary IP datagrams across the Internet. RFC 1234 IPX over IP Tunneling IPX traffic through IP networks Carrying Novell IPX datagrams through IP networks using UDP. RFC 1377 OSINLCP The PPP OSI Network Layer Control Protocol (OSINLCP) How two ends of a PPP link agree to carry OSI network layer packets, plus one option for memory alignment. RFC 1378 ATCP The PPP AppleTalk Control Protocol (ATCP) Configure Apple's old networking protocol over phone-line connections. RFC 1473 PPP IPCP MIB The Definitions of Managed Objects for the IP Network Control Protocol of the Point-to-Point Protocol The SNMP objects a network manager can read and set to watch and control IP running over a PPP link. RFC 1598 PPP in X.25 PPP in X.25 How to use X.25 virtual circuits as the framing layer for PPP, and how a call announces it. RFC 1621 Pip Pip Near-term Architecture A record of Pip, a candidate replacement for IPv4 with hierarchical provider-based addresses and IDs kept separate from addresses. RFC 1622 Pip Pip Header Processing The Pip packet header and how hosts and routers process it, recorded after the Pip project ended. RFC 2043 PPP SNA Control Protocol The PPP SNA Control Protocol (SNACP) How IBM's SNA networking traffic is carried and configured over a PPP link. RFC 2097 PPP NBFCP The PPP NetBIOS Frames Control Protocol (NBFCP) How a PPP link agrees to carry NetBIOS Frames (NBF) traffic, including which NetBIOS names the dial-in side claims. RFC 2226 IP Broadcast over ATM Networks How to fake IP broadcast on ATM, a network with no broadcast, by treating it as a multicast group of everyone. RFC 2241 DHCP Options for NDS DHCP Options for Novell Directory Services Three DHCP options that tell a Novell Directory Services client which servers, tree and context to use. RFC 2242 NetWare/IP DHCP Options NetWare/IP Domain Name and Information Two DHCP options that hand NetWare/IP clients their domain name and startup settings. RFC 2363 PPP Over FUNI How to carry PPP frames over an ATM FUNI virtual connection, with two ways to tag the payload. RFC 2603 ILMI NHRP Discovery ILMI-Based Server Discovery for NHRP How an ATM host or router asks its switch where the NHRP server is, instead of being told by hand. RFC 2677 NHRP MIB Definitions of Managed Objects for the NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP) The SNMP management objects for watching and configuring NHRP clients and servers. RFC 2728 The Transmission of IP Over the Vertical Blanking Interval of a Television Signal How to broadcast IP datagrams one-way inside the hidden lines of a television picture. RFC 2735 NHRP for VPNs NHRP Support for Virtual Private Networks Teaching NHRP to find shortcuts for private VPN addresses that may overlap with other networks. RFC 3004 DHCP User Class The User Class Option for DHCP A DHCP option that lets a client say what kind of user or software it represents, so the server can pick the right settings. RFC 3255 Extending Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) over Synchronous Optical NETwork/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH) with virtual concatenation, high order and low order payloads Lets PPP ride on bundles of small SONET/SDH channels, so a link can be sized to fit the traffic. RFC 3256 The DOCSIS (Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications) Device Class DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Relay Agent Information Sub-option Adding device class information to DHCP messages in cable modem networks. RFC 3573 L2TP Modem-On-Hold Signalling of Modem-On-Hold status in Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) How an L2TP access concentrator tells the network server that a dial-up modem has put its call on hold. RFC 3772 PPP Vendor Protocol Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Vendor Protocol Four reserved PPP protocol numbers that let vendors run their own network, control and authentication protocols. RFC 3898 DHCPv6 NIS Options Network Information Service (NIS) Configuration Options for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) Four DHCPv6 options that tell IPv6 clients which NIS or NIS+ servers and domain names to use. RFC 4064 Mobile IPv4 Experimental Experimental Message, Extensions, and Error Codes for Mobile IPv4 Spare message, extension and error-code numbers in Mobile IPv4, set aside so experiments do not collide with real assignments. RFC 4243 DHCP Vendor Suboption Vendor-Specific Information Suboption for the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Relay Agent Option A slot in the DHCP relay agent option where relays can attach vendor-defined data for the server. RFC 4280 DHCP BCMCS options Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Options for Broadcast and Multicast Control Servers How a phone on a 3G network learns, via DHCP, where to find the controller for broadcast and multicast programs. RFC 4433 Mobile IPv4 HA Mobile IPv4 Dynamic Home Agent (HA) Assignment How a roaming Mobile IPv4 device asks the network to pick its home agent, or gets redirected to a better one. RFC 4449 Mobile IPv6 static key Securing Mobile IPv6 Route Optimization Using a Static Shared Key A pre-agreed secret lets a Mobile IPv6 node and its peer skip the slow routability tests when updating addresses. RFC 4580 DHCPv6 Subscriber-ID Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) Relay Agent Subscriber-ID Option A DHCPv6 option that lets a relay agent tag client messages with a stable subscriber identity. RFC 4755 IP over InfiniBand CM IP over InfiniBand: Connected Mode How IP packets travel over InfiniBand connections, with MTUs far larger than the datagram mode allows. RFC 4866 MIPv6 Route Opt. Enhanced Route Optimization for Mobile IPv6 Faster, more secure mobile node route optimization using cryptographic address binding. RFC 4994 DHCPv6 Relay Echo DHCPv6 Relay Agent Echo Request Option How a DHCPv6 relay agent asks the server to hand its own options back unchanged. RFC 5096 MIPv6 Experiments Mobile IPv6 Experimental Messages Spare message and option types so people can experiment with Mobile IPv6 without grabbing real code points. RFC 5454 Dual-Stack Mobile IPv4 Dual-Stack Mobile IPv4 Mobile IPv4 extensions that let a dual-stack device register IPv6 prefixes over IPv4 signaling and keep both address families as it moves. RFC 5488 NEMO MIB Network Mobility (NEMO) Management Information Base The SNMP management objects for watching and controlling Mobile IPv6 nodes that move whole networks. RFC 5571 Softwire Hub and Spoke Softwire Hub and Spoke Deployment Framework with Layer Two Tunneling Protocol Version 2 (L2TPv2) How an ISP can carry IPv6 over an IPv4-only access network, or IPv4 over IPv6-only, by tunneling every customer to a central hub with L2TPv2. RFC 5603 Ethernet PW MIB Ethernet Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB) The SNMP MIB module for configuring and monitoring Ethernet carried over pseudowires. RFC 5692 IP over Ethernet over 802.16 Transmission of IP over Ethernet over IEEE 802.16 Networks How to run ordinary IPv4 and IPv6 over a WiMAX-style radio network by making it look like Ethernet. RFC 5942 IPv6 Subnet Model: The Relationship between Links and Subnet Prefixes In IPv6, having an address does not mean its subnet is on your link; this RFC spells out the rules. RFC 5948 IPv4 over 802.16 Transmission of IPv4 Packets over the IP Convergence Sublayer of IEEE 802.16 How IPv4 packets ride directly inside IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) frames, with a default MTU of 1500 and DHCP for addresses. RFC 6098 MIPv4 Notification Generic Notification Message for Mobile IPv4 Lets Mobile IPv4 nodes send each other unsolicited, acknowledged notifications, such as billing or service messages. RFC 6384 FTP64 ALG An FTP Application Layer Gateway (ALG) for IPv6-to-IPv4 Translation A gateway that rewrites FTP commands so IPv6-only clients can fetch files from IPv4-only servers. RFC 6575 ARP Mediation Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Mediation for IP Interworking of Layer 2 VPNs How provider edge routers translate address resolution so two different kinds of links can be joined into one IP-only wire. RFC 6674 GI-DS-Lite Gateway-Initiated Dual-Stack Lite Deployment Reuse the tunnels an access network already has to reach a carrier NAT, tagging each device's traffic with a Context Identifier. RFC 6788 Line-ID Option The Line-Identification Option How an access node tags IPv6 Router Solicitations so the edge router knows which subscriber line they came from. RFC 6842 Client Identifier Option in DHCP Server Replies DHCP servers must now echo the client identifier option back to clients that sent it. RFC 6930 RADIUS for 6rd RADIUS Attribute for IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) A RADIUS attribute that lets an AAA server hand 6rd settings to the gateway that configures home routers. RFC 6939 DHCPv6 Client LL Address Client Link-Layer Address Option in DHCPv6 A DHCPv6 relay option that tells the server the MAC address of the client behind the relay. RFC 7220 PCP Description Option Description Option for the Port Control Protocol (PCP) A PCP option that lets a client attach a short human-readable label to a port mapping. RFC 7388 6LoWPAN MIB Definition of Managed Objects for IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPANs) A MIB module of read-only counters that shows how a node's 6LoWPAN layer receives, compresses, fragments and forwards datagrams. RFC 7559 RS Retransmission Packet-Loss Resiliency for Router Solicitations Hosts keep sending IPv6 Router Solicitations with exponential backoff instead of giving up after three tries. RFC 7678 4over6 AVPs Attribute-Value Pairs for Provisioning Customer Equipment Supporting IPv4-Over-IPv6 Transitional Solutions Diameter attributes that carry the per-subscriber settings a home router needs for DS-Lite, lw4o6 and MAP-E. RFC 7723 PCP Anycast Port Control Protocol (PCP) Anycast Addresses Two well-known addresses let a client find its nearest NAT or firewall without being told where it is. RFC 7839 DHCP ANI Option Access-Network-Identifier Option in DHCP New DHCP options that let a relay agent tell the server which access network, access point and operator a client came through. RFC 8074 SAVI Mixed Methods Source Address Validation Improvement (SAVI) for Mixed Address Assignment Methods Scenario How several source address validation methods share one binding table and settle conflicts. RFC 8127 Mobile Access Gateway Configuration Parameters Controlled by the Local Mobility Anchor How a Proxy Mobile IPv6 anchor can tell its gateways which re-registration and heartbeat timers to use. RFC 8156 DHCPv6 Failover DHCPv6 Failover Protocol Two DHCP servers sharing responsibility for assigning addresses. RFC 8159 Keyed IPv6 Tunnel Keyed IPv6 Tunnel Ethernet over IPv6 tunnels with no control plane, one tunnel per IPv6 address pair and a mandatory 64-bit cookie. RFC 8191 PMIPv6 HNP Renumbering Home Network Prefix Renumbering in Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) How a Proxy Mobile IPv6 network tells a device its home prefix has changed, without the device doing anything special. RFC 8215 64:ff9b:1::/48 Local-Use IPv4/IPv6 Translation Prefix A reserved IPv6 prefix, 64:ff9b:1::/48, that operators can use locally for any IPv4/IPv6 translation mechanism. RFC 8278 PMIPv6 MAG Multipath Mobile Access Gateway (MAG) Multipath Options Lets a Proxy Mobile IPv6 gateway register several access links at once and keep a tunnel open over each. RFC 8319 Router Lifetimes Support for Adjustable Maximum Router Lifetimes per Link Lets IPv6 routers announce themselves much less often on links where multicast is costly, by raising two Neighbor Discovery limits to 65535 seconds. RFC 9131 Gratuitous ND Gratuitous Neighbor Discovery: Creating Neighbor Cache Entries on First-Hop Routers Hosts announce new IPv6 addresses to routers so the first return packets do not get dropped. RFC 9391 SCHC over NB-IoT Static Context Header Compression over Narrowband Internet of Things How to squeeze IPv6 headers and fragment packets for tiny devices on cellular Narrowband IoT links. RFC 9428 IPv6 over NFC Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Near Field Communication How phones and other devices that touch each other can carry IPv6 packets over Near Field Communication. RFC 9442 SCHC over Sigfox Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) over Sigfox Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) How to run SCHC header compression and fragmentation over Sigfox, where uplink messages carry at most 12 bytes. RFC 9669 BPF ISA BPF Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) The standard instruction set for BPF programs: how each 64-bit instruction is laid out and what it does. RFC 1531 DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Automatic assignment of network configuration to Internet hosts. RFC 1626 IP MTU over ATM Default IP MTU for use over ATM AAL5 Set the default packet size for IP over ATM AAL5 to 9180 octets RFC 1972 IPv6 over Ethernet A Method for the Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks Sending IPv6 messages across Ethernet cables RFC 2344 Reverse Tunneling for Mobile IP Tunneling data from mobile devices back through their home network RFC 3697 IPv6 Flow Label IPv6 Flow Label Specification A 20-bit tag for identifying flows and enabling efficient packet classification. RFC 4242 Information Refresh Time Option for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) A DHCPv6 option that tells a client the longest it should wait before asking for its configuration again. RFC 7550 Issues and Recommendations with Multiple Stateful DHCPv6 Options Fixing conflicts when DHCP hands out both addresses and delegated prefixes. RFC 3330 Special-use IPv4 Special-Use IPv4 Addresses Reserved IPv4 address blocks and their purposes RFC 3220 Mobile IPv4 IP Mobility Support for IPv4 Letting a moving computer keep its IP address by tunneling traffic to its current location. RFC 6598 Shared Address Space IANA-Reserved IPv4 Prefix for Shared Address Space A dedicated IPv4 block, 100.64.0.0/10, for the links between carrier-grade NATs and customer routers. RFC 5494 ARP IANA guidelines IANA Allocation Guidelines for the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Rules for how IANA hands out new numbers in the Address Resolution Protocol and related protocols RFC 2939 New DHCP Options Procedures and IANA Guidelines for Definition of New DHCP Options and Message Types How a new DHCP option or message type gets a number: write a draft, get IESG review, and receive a code when the RFC is published. RFC 5156 Special-Use IPv6 Addresses A checklist of IPv6 address ranges reserved for special purposes that should not appear on the public Internet. RFC 1190 ST-II Experimental Internet Stream Protocol: Version 2 (ST-II) An experimental IP-layer protocol for real-time data streams with reserved network resources. RFC 1542 BOOTP Clarifications and Extensions for the Bootstrap Protocol Tightens up the rules for BOOTP clients, servers and relay agents, and gives the old unused field a job as the BROADCAST flag. RFC 1134 PPP Proposal Point-to-Point Protocol: A proposal for multi-protocol transmission of datagrams over Point-to-Point links A protocol framework for transmitting multiple network protocols over serial point-to-point links. RFC 1172 PPP Options Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) initial configuration options The initial configuration options, link quality monitoring, and authentication methods for PPP. RFC 1333 PPP LQM PPP Link Quality Monitoring Protocol for measuring data loss and link quality on point-to-point connections. RFC 1374 IP over HIPPI IP and ARP on HIPPI How to send Internet Protocol packets over high-speed HIPPI connections. RFC 1717 PPP Multilink The PPP Multilink Protocol (MP) Bundling multiple connections into one faster virtual link RFC 6874 Representing IPv6 Zone Identifiers in Address Literals and Uniform Resource Identifiers Syntax for writing IPv6 link-local addresses with their interface in a web link RFC 7283 Handling Unknown DHCPv6 Messages Defines how DHCPv6 nodes should handle messages with unknown types RFC 4192 Procedures for Renumbering an IPv6 Network without a Flag Day Move to a new IPv6 address range without downtime RFC 6814 Deprecate IPv4 Options Formally Deprecating Some IPv4 Options A housekeeping RFC that formally retires nine unused IPv4 header options and four old RFCs. RFC 1629 Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet How to hand out OSI network addresses so that routing tables stay small as the Internet grows. RFC 1743 802.5 MIB IEEE 802.5 MIB using SMIv2 Management objects for monitoring and controlling IEEE 802.5 Token Ring networks using SNMP. RFC 4140 HMIPv6 Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Mobility Management (HMIPv6) A local anchor point reduces signaling when devices move within a domain. RFC 3662 Lower Effort PDB A Lower Effort Per-Domain Behavior (PDB) for Differentiated Services A way to mark non-critical traffic so it never blocks important traffic. RFC 5157 IPv6 Implications for Network Scanning Why scanning billions of IPv6 addresses is infeasible, and what to do instead RFC 1139 ISO 8473 Echo Echo function for ISO 8473 A diagnostic mechanism for testing the connectionless network layer. RFC 1220 PPP Bridging Point-to-Point Protocol extensions for bridging Extending Point-to-Point lines to bridge separate local networks RFC 1619 PPP over SONET PPP over SONET/SDH Running PPP over fiber-optic SONET and SDH circuits. RFC 2023 IPv6 over PPP IP Version 6 over PPP Sending new-format internet addresses over point-to-point links. RFC 2465 Management Information Base for IP Version 6: Textual Conventions and General Group The foundation for watching and managing IPv6 networks RFC 6156 TURN IPv6 Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) Extension for IPv6 IPv6 support for TURN relay servers, including cross-version relaying. RFC 1551 IPXWAN Novell IPX Over Various WAN Media (IPXWAN) How Novell IPX routers establish and configure themselves across wide-area network links. RFC 2133 IPv6 Sockets API Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6 How programs ask the operating system to send and receive IPv6 messages. RFC 2292 IPv6 Advanced Sockets Advanced Sockets API for IPv6 API extensions for programs to access raw sockets and IPv6 extension headers. RFC 3316 IPv6 for cellular hosts Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) for Some Second and Third Generation Cellular Hosts Which IPv6 features mobile phones on slow networks actually need. RFC 6036 Emerging Service Provider Scenarios for IPv6 Deployment A 2010 survey of how Internet service providers planned and deployed IPv6 RFC 6204 IPv6 CE router Basic Requirements for IPv6 Customer Edge Routers Requirements for home and small-office routers to support IPv6. RFC 9748 NTP registries update Updating the NTP Registries A clean-up of the IANA registries for NTP and NTS, fixing wrong entries and setting common rules. RFC 2466 Management Information Base for IP Version 6: ICMPv6 Group Counting and monitoring diagnostic messages on IPv6 networks RFC 3627 Use of /127 Prefix Length Between Routers Considered Harmful Why IPv6 /127 prefixes on point-to-point links cause routing conflicts. RFC 4214 ISATAP Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) Automatic IPv6 tunneling over IPv4 networks within an organization. RFC 5203 HIP registration Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Registration Extension Hosts can register with services in HIP by exchanging registration parameters. RFC 5350 Router Alert IANA IANA Considerations for the IPv4 and IPv6 Router Alert Options Sets up an IANA registry and assignment rules for the two-octet Value field in IPv4 and IPv6 Router Alert Options. RFC 9542 IEEE 802 parameters IANA Considerations and IETF Protocol and Documentation Usage for IEEE 802 Parameters How IETF protocols use Ethernet and IEEE 802 identifiers, how IANA hands out values under its own OUI, and which addresses are safe for examples. RFC 4938 PPPoE Extensions PPP Over Ethernet (PPPoE) Extensions for Credit Flow and Link Metrics Credit-based flow control and link metrics for PPP over Ethernet. RFC 3818 PPP IANA Considerations IANA Considerations for the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Rules for registering new protocol numbers and values in the Point-to-Point Protocol RFC 777 ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol Early specification for reporting IP errors and control information RFC 816 Fault isolation and recovery How hosts detect and recover from network faults. RFC 877 IP over X.25 Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over public data networks How CSNET, the VAN gateway and others carried IP datagrams over X.25 public data networks. RFC 926 ISO CLNP draft Protocol for providing the connectionless mode network services The ISO's connectionless network protocol specification, equivalent to the DoD Internet Protocol. RFC 1063 IP MTU Discovery IP MTU discovery options Two IP options to learn the smallest packet size that fits a network path. RFC 1089 SNMP over Ethernet SNMP over Ethernet Direct management of devices that have no IP support. RFC 1376 DNCP The PPP DECnet Phase IV Control Protocol (DNCP) How to run DECnet Phase IV routing over PPP links RFC 1475 TP/IX TP/IX: The Next Internet A proposed Internet Protocol version 7 with 64-bit addresses and improved routing. RFC 2019 IPv6 over FDDI Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI How to send new-style internet packets over fiber ring networks. RFC 2452 IP Version 6 Management Information Base for the Transmission Control Protocol Tracking TCP connections over the new internet addresses RFC 2625 IP over Fibre Channel IP and ARP over Fibre Channel How to send internet messages over a high-speed storage network and resolve addresses there. RFC 3025 Mobile IP Vendor/Organization-Specific Extensions Standardized slots for vendors to add custom data to Mobile IP messages. RFC 3831 IPv6 over Fibre Channel Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Fibre Channel How to send IPv6 packets through storage area network cables. RFC 3879 Deprecating Site-Local Deprecating Site Local Addresses Why IPv6 site-local addresses (FEC0::/10) were retired, and what that does and does not stop. RFC 5075 RA Flags Option IPv6 Router Advertisement Flags Option Extend the space for control flags in IPv6 router announcements. RFC 6059 Simple DNA Simple Procedures for Detecting Network Attachment in IPv6 How an IPv6 host quickly checks whether it has returned to a network it already knows. RFC 6918 Formally Deprecating Some ICMPv4 Message Types Fifteen unused ICMPv4 message types are formally retired and RFC 1788 goes to Historic. RFC 6626 NEMOv4 Prefix Allocation Dynamic Prefix Allocation for Network Mobility for Mobile IPv4 (NEMOv4) How a Mobile Router asks its home agent to hand out network prefixes instead of configuring them by hand. RFC 7618 Shared IPv4 via DHCPv4 Dynamic Allocation of Shared IPv4 Addresses How a DHCP server can hand the same IPv4 address to many clients at once, each with its own range of ports. RFC 1223 OSI CLNS and LLC1 protocols on Network Systems HYPERchannel Running OSI protocols on Network Systems HYPERchannel equipment. RFC 1236 IP to X.121 Mapping IP to X.121 address mapping for DDN Converting IP addresses to X.121 addresses on the Defense Data Network. RFC 1454 Comparison of Proposals for Next Version of IP Comparing three candidate designs for the next version of the Internet Protocol. RFC 1809 IPv6 Flow Label Using the Flow Label Field in IPv6 Labeling packets to help routers process conversations more efficiently. RFC 1841 PPP LAN Extension PPP Network Control Protocol for LAN Extension Protocol for connecting remote LANs transparently over serial point-to-point links using PPP RFC 1881 IPv6 Address Allocation IPv6 Address Allocation Management Who will hand out the next generation of Internet addresses RFC 1926 IP over ATM (joke) An Experimental Encapsulation of IP Datagrams on Top of ATM An April Fools joke about transmitting IP datagrams over sound waves RFC 1946 ST2+ over ATM Native ATM Support for ST2+ Run ST2+ connection-oriented streaming over ATM networks with guaranteed quality of service. RFC 1954 Ipsilon IPv4 over ATM Transmission of Flow Labelled IPv4 on ATM Data Links Ipsilon Version 1.0 How to send labeled IPv4 packets over ATM links. RFC 1975 PPP Magnalink PPP Magnalink Variable Resource Compression Compression that scales with available processor and memory. RFC 1976 PPP DCE Compression PPP for Data Compression in Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (DCE) Compression for modems and data equipment using PPP. RFC 1978 PPP Predictor PPP Predictor Compression Protocol A fast, license-free compression algorithm for PPP links. RFC 1993 PPP Gandalf FZA PPP Gandalf FZA Compression Protocol A compression algorithm for PPP links using the Gandalf FZA method. RFC 2170 AREQUIPA Application REQuested IP over ATM (AREQUIPA) Applications request dedicated network connections with guaranteed service quality. RFC 2269 Using the MARS Model in non-ATM NBMA Networks How the MARS multicast model works on non-ATM network technologies. RFC 2701 Multi-node PPP bundle Nortel Networks Multi-link Multi-node PPP Bundle Discovery Protocol Finding and coordinating PPP connections spread across multiple servers. RFC 3186 MAPOS/PPP Tunneling mode Tunneling PPP over SONET/SDH through MAPOS networks RFC 3378 EtherIP EtherIP: Tunneling Ethernet Frames in IP Datagrams Tunneling Ethernet frames inside IP datagrams for non-IP traffic RFC 3619 EAPS Extreme Networks' Ethernet Automatic Protection Switching (EAPS) Version 1 Fast protection switching for Ethernet networks arranged in rings. RFC 3769 Requirements for IPv6 Prefix Delegation What a system for distributing IPv6 addresses to customers should do. RFC 3793 Survey of IPv4 Addresses in Currently Deployed IETF Sub-IP Area Standards Track and Experimental Documents A catalog of IPv4 address dependencies in Sub-IP area standards. RFC 3795 Survey of IPv4 Addresses in Currently Deployed IETF Application Area Standards Track and Experimental Documents Surveying IPv4 dependencies in application layer standards RFC 3796 Survey of IPv4 Addresses in Currently Deployed IETF Operations & Management Area Standards Track and Experimental Documents Surveying IPv4 dependencies in operations and management standards RFC 3817 L2TP PPPoE Relay Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) Active Discovery Relay for PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) Relaying PPPoE service discovery across L2TP tunnels RFC 3904 IPv6 Unmanaged Nets Evaluation of IPv6 Transition Mechanisms for Unmanaged Networks Evaluating how to move home networks from IPv4 to IPv6. RFC 4177 Architectural Approaches to Multi-homing for IPv6 A framework for comparing different ways to let IPv6 sites connect through multiple internet providers. RFC 4219 Things Multihoming in IPv6 (MULTI6) Developers Should Think About A checklist of questions for IPv6 multihoming solution designers. RFC 4296 DDP/RDMA architecture The Architecture of Direct Data Placement (DDP) and Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) on Internet Protocols How to let remote computers access memory directly over Internet protocols. RFC 4332 Cisco's Mobile IPv4 Host Configuration Extensions Carrying home network configuration in Mobile IPv4 registration messages. RFC 4477 DHCP dual-stack issues Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP): IPv4 and IPv6 Dual-Stack Issues How to manage IPv4 and IPv6 configuration when both protocols are in use. RFC 4487 MIPv6 and firewalls Mobile IPv6 and Firewalls: Problem Statement Identifying problems when mobile IPv6 meets network security devices. RFC 4554 IPv4-IPv6 VLANs Use of VLANs for IPv4-IPv6 Coexistence in Enterprise Networks Using virtual LANs to deploy IPv6 in enterprises before dual-stack routers are available. RFC 4584 Mobile IPv6 sockets API Extension to Sockets API for Mobile IPv6 Programming interface for Mobile IPv6 network operations RFC 4651 MIPv6 RO taxonomy A Taxonomy and Analysis of Enhancements to Mobile IPv6 Route Optimization Strategies to reduce handoff delays and improve security in mobile networks. RFC 4692 IPv6 host density Considerations on the IPv6 Host Density Metric An analysis of how efficiently IPv6 addresses should be allocated to networks. RFC 5030 MIPv4 RADIUS Mobile IPv4 RADIUS Requirements Framework for integrating Mobile IPv4 with existing sign-in systems. RFC 5071 PXELINUX DHCP Options Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Options Used by PXELINUX Special DHCP options that configure a network boot loader. RFC 5181 IPv6 Deployment Scenarios in 802.16 Networks Deployment strategies for IPv6 in IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless networks. RFC 5270 FMIPv6 over 802.16e Mobile IPv6 Fast Handovers over IEEE 802.16e Networks Making fast handover work on WiMAX networks. RFC 5271 FMIPv6 for 3G CDMA Mobile IPv6 Fast Handovers for 3G CDMA Networks Speeding up handovers in cellular networks. RFC 5446 MIPv4 Service Selection Service Selection for Mobile IPv4 How Mobile IPv4 users can specify which service they want. RFC 5522 NEMO aeronautics reqs Network Mobility Route Optimization Requirements for Operational Use in Aeronautics and Space Exploration Mobile Networks What aircraft and spacecraft networks need for efficient routing when mobile. RFC 5579 ISATAP IPv4 packets Transmission of IPv4 Packets over Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) Interfaces Extending ISATAP to carry both IPv6 and IPv4 packets over IPv4 networks. RFC 6127 IPv4-IPv6 Co-Existence IPv4 Run-Out and IPv4-IPv6 Co-Existence Scenarios Deployment approaches for living with both IP versions as IPv4 addresses run out. RFC 6319 Issues Associated with Designating Additional Private IPv4 Address Space When massive networks outgrow their private address space, what are the options? RFC 6419 Current Practices for Multiple-Interface Hosts How different operating systems handle devices with multiple network connections RFC 6586 Experiences from an IPv6-Only Network Real-world lessons from running networks with IPv6 alone. RFC 6612 Interactions between Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) and Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6): Scenarios and Related Issues Making Proxy Mobile IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 work together in the same network RFC 6629 Shim6 Applicability Considerations on the Application of the Level 3 Multihoming Shim Protocol for IPv6 (Shim6) When and how to use IPv6 multihoming with the Shim6 protocol. RFC 6653 DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) Networks How cellular networks delegate IPv6 address blocks to mobile devices using standard DHCP. RFC 6654 GI 6rd Gateway-Initiated IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (GI 6rd) Deploying IPv6 across IPv4 networks using an operator gateway instead of customer equipment. RFC 6782 Wireline IPv6 Wireline Incremental IPv6 Phased approaches for IPv6 deployment in broadband networks. RFC 6847 Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) over Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL) Running Fibre Channel over Ethernet inside TRILL-routed data center networks. RFC 6866 Problem Statement for Renumbering IPv6 Hosts with Static Addresses in Enterprise Networks Why changing IPv6 addresses is hard when they must stay the same RFC 6883 IPv6 Guidance for Internet Content Providers and Application Service Providers How content providers can serve IPv6 customers alongside IPv4 RFC 6948 Some Measurements on World IPv6 Day from an End-User Perspective How the Internet's big websites tested IPv6 on a single day in 2011. RFC 6964 Operational Guidance for IPv6 Deployment in IPv4 Sites Using the Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) Practical guidance for deploying IPv6 in IPv4-dominant enterprise networks using automatic tunneling. RFC 7059 A Comparison of IPv6-over-IPv4 Tunnel Mechanisms Comparing methods to carry IPv6 traffic over IPv4 networks RFC 7098 Using the IPv6 Flow Label for Load Balancing in Server Farms Use IPv6's flow label field to efficiently distribute traffic across servers. RFC 7157 IPv6 Multihoming without Network Address Translation How IPv6 hosts select addresses and routes when connected to multiple networks. RFC 7342 Practices for Scaling ARP and Neighbor Discovery (ND) in Large Data Centers Practical approaches for ARP and IPv6 Neighbor Discovery to scale in large data centers. RFC 7404 Using Only Link-Local Addressing inside an IPv6 Network Using only local addresses on router infrastructure links RFC 7445 Analysis of Failure Cases in IPv6 Roaming Scenarios Why mobile customers lose IPv6 connectivity when roaming abroad RFC 7943 Opaque IIDs with DHCPv6 A Method for Generating Semantically Opaque Interface Identifiers (IIDs) with the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) Generate unpredictable IPv6 addresses on the server side RFC 7973 LoWPAN Ethertype Assignment of an Ethertype for IPv6 with Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (LoWPAN) Encapsulation A protocol label for IPv6 with LoWPAN encapsulation over Ethernet RFC 8190 Updates to the Special-Purpose IP Address Registries Fixes and clarifications to IP address registries for special-purpose addresses. RFC 8352 IoT energy efficiency Energy-Efficient Features of Internet of Things Protocols Making wireless protocols work on battery-powered devices. RFC 8367 Wrongful termination Wrongful Termination of Internet Protocol (IP) Packets Discrimination against IP packets by routers and middleboxes RFC 8585 IPv4aaS CE Requirements Requirements for IPv6 Customer Edge Routers to Support IPv4-as-a-Service Requirements for IPv6 routers to deliver IPv4 services through transition mechanisms. RFC 8818 Distributed anchoring Distributed Mobility Anchoring Multiple IP anchors let a mobile device maintain connections when switching networks RFC 9288 IPv6 EH Filtering Recommendations on the Filtering of IPv6 Packets Containing IPv6 Extension Headers at Transit Routers When and how to filter IPv6 packets with extension headers RFC 9365 IPWAVE IPv6 Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (IPWAVE): Problem Statement and Use Cases Communication scenarios and IPv6 requirements for connected and autonomous vehicles. RFC 9453 6lo applicability Applicability and Use Cases for IPv6 over Networks of Resource-constrained Nodes (6lo) Running IPv6 over tiny, low-power devices using different wireless and wired technologies RFC 9675 DTN Management Delay-Tolerant Networking Management Architecture (DTNMA) Managing networks with long delays, frequent link disruptions, and remote operations. RFC 9724 MAC Randomization State of Affairs for Randomized and Changing Media Access Control (MAC) Addresses Hiding device identities on wireless networks to protect user privacy and prevent tracking. RFC 9797 Randomized MAC addresses Randomized and Changing Media Access Control (MAC) Addresses: Context, Network Impacts, and Use Cases How and why devices change their hardware addresses for privacy RFC 9812 IPv6 allocation policy Clarification of IPv6 Address Allocation Policy Require stricter approval for major changes to the IPv6 address space registry. RFC 9898 IPv6 ND considerations Neighbor Discovery Considerations in IPv6 Deployments How IPv6 neighbor discovery breaks down and how to fix it in large or untrusted networks. RFC 986 Guidelines for the use of Internet-IP addresses in the ISO Connectionless-Mode Network Protocol A June 1986 working draft that shows how to build ISO CLNP addresses out of existing Internet IP addresses. RFC 1385 EIP EIP: The Extended Internet Protocol A backward-compatible way to extend the Internet's address space. RFC 2454 IP Version 6 Management Information Base for the User Datagram Protocol MIB module for monitoring UDP traffic over IPv6 addresses. RFC 3701 6bone (IPv6 Testing Address Allocation) Phaseout Plan to shut down the IPv6 testbed network and reclaim its address space. RFC 1860 IPv4 VLSM Table Variable Length Subnet Table For IPv4 A reference table of all possible variable-length subnet masks for IPv4 addresses. RFC 6312 Mobile Networks Considerations for IPv6 Deployment What mobile operators face when they bring IPv6 into 3G and 4G networks while IPv4 addresses run out. RFC 7753 PCP Port Set Port Control Protocol (PCP) Extension for Port-Set Allocation One PCP request that reserves a whole range of ports instead of a single port. RFC 9713 BPv7 Admin Records Bundle Protocol Version 7 Administrative Record Types Registry Designates code points and clarifies registry use for Bundle Protocol administrative records. RFC 9805 Router Alert deprecation Deprecation of the IPv6 Router Alert Option for New Protocols Phasing out an IPv6 option that routers use to recognize packets needing special handling. RFC 4065 Seamoby IANA Instructions for Seamoby and Experimental Mobility Protocol IANA Allocations Reserve network numbers for experimental wireless handover protocols. RFC 948 IP over 802.3 Two methods for the transmission of IP datagrams over IEEE 802.3 networks Two methods for encapsulating IP on IEEE 802.3 local area networks RFC 1051 IP over ARCNET Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams and ARP packets over ARCNET networks Wrapping Internet packets to send them over ARCNET local area networks. RFC 1103 IP over FDDI Proposed standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over FDDI Networks How to send IP packets and address resolution over fiber-optic token rings RFC 1770 SDBM IPv4 Option for Sender Directed Multi-Destination Delivery An IPv4 option that lists up to nine destination addresses so one datagram can reach just those hosts. RFC 1887 IPv6 Unicast Allocation An Architecture for IPv6 Unicast Address Allocation How to divide the IPv6 address space among Internet providers and sites to keep routing efficient. RFC 2073 IPv6 Provider Addrs An IPv6 Provider-Based Unicast Address Format IPv6 addresses that embed your Internet provider's identity. RFC 4937 PPPoE IANA IANA Considerations for PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) Who may claim a PPPoE TAG value or Code field, and which ones were already taken. RFC 9663 DHCPv6-PD per Client Using DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation (DHCPv6-PD) to Allocate Unique IPv6 Prefixes per Client in Large Broadcast Networks Giving every device its own IPv6 prefix to solve network scalability. RFC 1433 Directed ARP Directed ARP Resolving addresses on foreign IP networks over shared physical links RFC 2075 IP Echo Host IP Echo Host Service A host that bounces IP datagrams back to their sender by reversing addresses. RFC 2143 IP over SCSI Encapsulating IP with the Small Computer System Interface Carrying IP datagrams over SCSI cables to create high-speed local networks. RFC 2443 Distributed MARS A Distributed MARS Service Using SCSP Keeping multiple multicast address servers in sync across an ATM subnet RFC 2520 NHRP with Mobile NHCs Safe registration of mobile computers with NHRP authentication RFC 2823 PPP over SDL PPP over Simple Data Link (SDL) using SONET/SDH with ATM-like framing A low-overhead frame format for PPP over high-speed fiber links RFC 4857 MIPv4 Regional Reg. Mobile IPv4 Regional Registration Local registration within visited domains reduces signaling delays. RFC 5338 HIP Legacy Apps Using the Host Identity Protocol with Legacy Applications Making new cryptographic host IDs work with unmodified applications. RFC 5514 IPv6 over social nets IPv6 over Social Networks A humorous April Fools proposal to fix IPv6 adoption. RFC 5726 Mobile IPv6 Location Privacy Solutions Two solutions to hide a roaming device's real address and location from eavesdroppers. RFC 6306 Hierarchical IPv4 Framework Splitting IPv4 into a hierarchical core-and-edge addressing scheme for better routing scalability. RFC 6317 HIP Sockets API Basic Socket Interface Extensions for the Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Socket programming interface for using cryptographic identifiers instead of IP addresses. RFC 6521 Home Agent-Assisted Route Optimization between Mobile IPv4 Networks Direct routing between mobile networks through a shared home agent RFC 7086 Host Identity Protocol-Based Overlay Networking Environment (HIP BONE) Instance Specification for REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) Combining HIP and RELOAD to build peer-to-peer networks where devices are identified by cryptographic credentials instead of IP addresses. RFC 7109 Flow Bindings Initiated by Home Agents for Mobile IPv6 Home agents can now tell mobile devices to move traffic streams between networks in real time, for load balancing and quality of service. RFC 7586 SARP The Scalable Address Resolution Protocol (SARP) for Large Data Centers Reduce address table explosion in large data centers using proxy gateways. RFC 7629 Mobile IP Flow Binding Flow-Binding Support for Mobile IP Multi-interface mobile devices can use all their network connections at once. RFC 8039 Multipath Time Sync Multipath Time Synchronization Synchronize clocks via multiple network paths to improve accuracy and security. RFC 8135 Complex Addressing in IPv6 An April Fools' proposal to use complex mathematics for IPv6 addresses. RFC 8885 PMIPv6 for DMM Proxy Mobile IPv6 Extensions for Distributed Mobility Management Extend Proxy Mobile IPv6 to spread mobility anchoring across edge routers. RFC 9268 IPv6 Min PMTU Option IPv6 Minimum Path MTU Hop-by-Hop Option Recording the minimum path MTU with an IPv6 Hop-by-Hop option RFC 9837 IPv6 VPN Service Option The IPv6 VPN Service Destination Option An experiment that carries VPN service information in an IPv6 Destination Option instead of a separate tunnel label. RFC 10049 Roughtime Roughtime: A Protocol for Rough Time Synchronization Signed, rough time from several servers, plus proof when one of them lies. RFC 3177 IAB/IESG Recommendations on IPv6 Address Allocations to Sites Recommendations for how large an IPv6 address block to give to end sites. RFC 1597 Private Addresses Address Allocation for Private Internets Using non-unique IP addresses inside enterprises to conserve address space RFC 2125 PPP BAP/BACP The PPP Bandwidth Allocation Protocol (BAP) / The PPP Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol (BACP) Protocols for dynamically adding and removing links in multilink PPP connections. RFC 5871 IPv6 Routing Header IANA IANA Allocation Guidelines for the IPv6 Routing Header How new Routing Type values for the IPv6 Routing Header get allocated by IANA. RFC 8425 IANA Considerations for IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Prefix Information Option Flags Creating a registry for IPv6 router advertisement flag definitions. RFC 2471 IPv6 Testing Addresses IPv6 Testing Address Allocation How the 6bone testbed allocated experimental IPv6 addresses. RFC 2489 Procedure for Defining New DHCP Options The procedure for adding new options to the DHCP protocol. RFC 1532 BOOTP Clarifications and Extensions for the Bootstrap Protocol Clearer rules for how BOOTP relay agents and clients should behave. RFC 1627 Network 10 Considered Harmful (Some Practices Shouldn't be Codified) An argument against non-unique IP addresses in networks. RFC 3228 IANA Considerations for IPv4 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Setting up a registry for IGMP message type codes RFC 4773 IANA Special IPv6 Block Administration of the IANA Special Purpose IPv6 Address Block A direction to IANA to keep a registry of special-purpose IPv6 address blocks, later replaced by RFC 6890. RFC 5736 IANA IPv4 Special Purpose Address Registry Creating a registry for special-purpose IPv4 address blocks reserved by IANA. RFC 4147 Proposed Changes to the Format of the IANA IPv6 Registry A cleaner way to organize and display the official list of IPv6 addresses. RFC 6656 Cisco Subnet Allocation Description of Cisco Systems' Subnet Allocation Option for DHCPv4 Cisco's privately defined DHCPv4 option, now documented, that lets a client lease a whole subnet instead of one address. RFC 1897 IPv6 Testing Addresses IPv6 Testing Address Allocation Temporary address space reserved for IPv6 prototype development and testing. RFC 781 Specification of the Internet Protocol (IP) timestamp option Adding clock timestamps to IP packets to measure network delays. RFC 795 Service mappings How IP quality-of-service settings map to individual network types. RFC 844 Who talks ICMP, too? - Survey of 18 February 1983 A survey of which hosts on the early Internet could accept Telnet connections from a Class C network. RFC 947 Multi-network broadcasting within the Internet A broadcast repeater mechanism that extends broadcast messages across multiple physical networks. RFC 963 MIL-STD-1777 issues Some problems with the specification of the Military Standard Internet Protocol A close reading of the Military Standard Internet Protocol reveals six serious implementation bugs. RFC 1005 AHIP-E ARPANET AHIP-E Host Access Protocol (enhanced AHIP) Enhanced protocol for ARPANET host addressing with logical names and congestion feedback. RFC 1025 TCP/IP Bake Off TCP and IP Bake Off Testing procedures and scoring for early TCP and IP implementations. RFC 1029 More fault tolerant approach to address resolution for a Multi-LAN system of Ethernets Extending address resolution to detect host reboots in multi-LAN systems. RFC 1474 PPP bridge MIB The Definitions of Managed Objects for the Bridge Network Control Protocol of the Point-to-Point Protocol Managing bridging between networks over Point-to-Point Protocol links RFC 1763 PPP Banyan VINES The PPP Banyan Vines Control Protocol (BVCP) Control protocol for running Banyan VINES over point-to-point links. RFC 1764 PPP XNS IDP The PPP XNS IDP Control Protocol (XNSCP) Using Xerox's network protocol over point-to-point links RFC 8507 Simple Internet Protocol Simple Internet Protocol (SIP) Specification A 1992 design for a simpler IP with 64-bit addresses, kept for the record as one of the candidates that led to IPv6.